Marat Amanliev, President of the Collective Defense Public Organization, proposed amending the law on Transplantation of Human Organs and (or) Tissues in force since 1992. The initiative, the text of which was reviewed by RT, he sent to the State Duma Chairman Vyacheslav Volodin.

We are talking about a possible change in the rules for the removal of organs and tissues (with the exception of bone marrow) from living donors. To date, voluntary consent to a graft removal from a person is possible only if it is a question of his transplantation to a genetic relative.

So, if the husband and wife have full medical compatibility and are ready to donate the necessary organ or part of it to save each other’s life, the law will not allow them to do this, even if the situation is critical and there are no other donors - the connection between them is only on paper, but not by blood.

In this regard, it is proposed to expand this norm, and provide an opportunity in an emergency to help not only blood relatives, but also all actual family members.

“Although the spouse for the other spouse is not a person with a genetic relationship, however, he is a person to whom he dedicates a life that he cares about ... An adopted child is not a person with a genetic connection for a parent, but the consequence of adoption is the equalization of legal the status of the adopted child to the legal status of the child ... We believe that potential living donors should be entitled to save and save the life of their loved one, ”the explanatory note says. ke to the document.

Chance of survival

If the initiative of human rights defenders is supported and the rules of intravital donation are changed, then many patients will have an additional opportunity to receive timely help. Such an opinion in an interview with RT was expressed by a transplant surgeon, deputy director of the Vishnevsky Institute of Surgery, doctor of medical sciences Alexei Zhao. He also said that situations where a patient needs an organ, but due to legislative norms a wife or husband cannot become donors, are quite common in transplantology.

“Given the shortage of cadaveric donor organs, unrelated donation is a big help for those who simply die without transplantation,” Zhao said.

According to him, unrelated donation has been successfully developed in some foreign countries, for example, in the USA.

He also recalled that speaking about intravital donation, first of all, we are talking about a kidney transplant, part of the liver, in extreme cases - part of the lung. Without these organs, the donor can continue to live a full life.

“Of course, you cannot talk about the heart, because heart transplantation is possible only with cadaveric donation. It is important to understand that the development of cadaveric donation requires further development of progress, because when we talk about related or unrelated donation, we are talking only about those organs that can be partially removed and the donor will live in peace. But no more than that. This does not solve all the problems for everyone who needs transplantation, ”the doctor believes.

"A priceless gift"

However, experts also note that despite the possible positive effect of allowing “family” transplantation, there is a risk of abuse of this norm. For example, people can force relatives to give up their organs for commercial purposes.

“Therefore, in the case of adoption of amendments, it is necessary to reinforce this norm with all the necessary by-laws: in which cases the voluntariness of the will is confirmed, how is it fixed, how should the withdrawal procedure be carried out and so on. Under such conditions, the law will be only for the good. There are situations when the same husband and wife, not being blood relatives, are the closest people to each other, ”said the lawyer, a member of the Council for Interaction with Civil Society Institutions under the Chairman of the Federation Council Evgeny Korchago.

The deputy head of the Vishnevsky Institute of Surgery also emphasized that cases of organ sales must especially be strictly monitored and suppressed.

“The holy truths of transplantology say that an organ is not for sale, it is an invaluable gift that has no price and transplantation is possible only on a free basis. Therefore, this must always be taken into account. If amendments are adopted, the state needs to develop a mechanism to exclude organ trafficking, ”added Alexey Zhao.

Waiting for help

Previously, RT told the story of a family from the Krasnodar Territory. About a year ago, 26-year-old Maria Dubovtseva from Krasnodar applied to the Russian Ministry of Health. Her husband needed a kidney transplant, but the next of kin did not fit for medical reasons. Maria herself could become a donor, but the legislation does not allow her to do this - that’s how they answered her in the Ministry of Health.

“If I can give a kidney and want to do it, then why am I not allowed? I want my husband to be alive, so that our children have a father. While he is a patient of the dialysis center, we will not have a full life. I am confident in my decision. I’m ready, if necessary, to undergo a psychological test and a medical commission, ”said the girl.

According to RT, the spouse of Mary has not yet received a donor kidney.