Imran Abdullah

In the absence of freedom of expression and dissemination in the Arab world, many writers resort to science fiction to transcend boundaries of reality and challenge government censorship by portraying dictatorships and authoritarian regimes with a symbolic metaphor of aliens or strangers.

The English novelist George Orwell, author of "Animal Farm," used the technique of literary projection and science fiction network to describe Soviet totalitarian regimes, and his novel was considered a kind of warning literature, whether from authoritarian authorities or the most corrupt and tyrannical revolutionaries.

US Vice President Jonathan Reinhardt promises Jonathan in the fantasy series of the late Egyptian novelist Ahmed Khaled Tawfik to make Papua New Guinea a national home for Arabs, apparently a parody of the British Balfour Declaration.

The novel included a seeming parody of the British Balfour Declaration (Al Jazeera)

Semantics
Khaled Tawfiq told the protagonist of his novel, Makram, the dream of "the Arab state" that brings together the diaspora of immigrants in Europe, after suffering from racism, hatred of the oppressed Arabs, killings and attacks on veiled women.

Toufik's recent work is not the only Arabic science fiction novel with clear political connotations. It is preceded by the "founding father" of Maghreb literature written in French by Mohamed Deeb, who wrote in French in 1962 "Who Mentions the Sea?" Which included mythical and magical figures beyond the limits of realism and traditionalism that characterized his peers and predicted the Algerian revolution.

The struggle against dictatorship
In the absence of freedom of expression in the Arab world, the sci-fi pattern seems to transcend reality, its limited possibilities, a haven and an escape from repression, and some novelists portray dictatorships and authoritarian regimes with a symbolic metaphor of alien or alien.

The Egyptian writer Mohamed Naguib Matar in the novel "strangers among us" events after the end of the Cold War, where one of the terrorist groups managed to acquire a nuclear bomb stolen from a Pakistani reactor and hit by America, and there was a world war between alliances includes the first Islamic and eastern countries, while the second includes America And European countries.

After this background, an Arab engineer returns home and establishes a wireless Internet network, to be surprised by the connection between humans and space creatures who want to occupy the Earth after the depletion of their planet's resources, and live a long adventure before returning home and working to resist pollution.

Egyptian novelist Hossam al-Zambili wrote the novel "America 2030," which included scientific achievements, such as the flying car, anti-bombs, and the earth-piercing device, in a struggle against Western hegemony.

Arabic literature has known science fiction since early, but modern works are predominantly entertaining and educational, not literature that deals with contemporary social reality and is subjected to criticism and analysis.

The book tells the events that happened after the end of the Cold War (Al Jazeera)

The blending of science fiction with the political situation is not a new phenomenon, writer Tawfiq al-Hakim in his play "Journey to Tomorrow" - which he wrote in 1957 during the race to space between America and the Soviet Union with some exaggeration and lengthening - fictional atmosphere in which he predicts popular topics in the field of literature Science fiction, such as time travel and space conquest, but he blended it with philosophical issues such as the ugly vacuum that would be provided by the alleged freedom, love and human principles, and asked: Is it better to live in comfort without effort or to get tired to get what we want?

The hero of "Frankenstein in Baghdad" by the Iraqi novelist Ahmed Saadawi collects the bodies of the victims of the bombings and affixes them to produce a terrifying object that retaliates against the human killers of its parts, in an exciting chase through the streets of the Iraqi capital.

Atlantis and Haven
The devastation of the Great War covers everything in the novel "Haven: The City of the Baath" by Egyptian writer Ahmed Salah El Mahdi, a city whose inhabitants believe is the last resort of mankind. Her hero Qassem, an orphan orphan, collects scrap in a city ruled by the fishermen's dictatorship, angry at humans who reproduce without Aim in life, trying to resist the harsh reality Kassem tries to build machines that have changed the entire world.

The country is divided into the exotic science fiction story that belongs to the classification of dystopia and post-disaster literature into two halves: North and South, wars break out in Egypt and events take place quickly and blend with the tremendous technological development that develops deadly war materiel, and scrap becomes a material for making destructive weapons.

The young novelist Ammar al-Masri in the science-fiction and fantasy novel Atlantis tries to employ artificial intelligence and travel through space to track future events, disappear spaceships and a rebellion of robots withstood only a city in western Egypt, and the hero tries to pass training in order to save the earth And humans who become on the brink of extinction.

In the second part of the novel, the hero tries to resist the occupation of the planet by robots and machines, while the people trapped in the new city of Atlantis are increasingly disappearing.

The novel included events about a conflict between ideas and a challenge between the characters (Al Jazeera)

Science Fiction Literature
Science fiction literature is globally linked to political and social criticism. George Wells' early novels, such as the Time Machine, often included political projections opposed to power, while Rafael Tahtawi's French novel in the middle of the nineteenth century contained "critically acclaimed sites". To King Louis XIV.

In George Orwell's famous novel "1984" and in the world of Big Brother with strict government censorship and dictatorship and deceiving the public with false propaganda, a secret resistance movement (Revolutionary Fraternity) emerges trying to confront the police of ideas and the Ministry of Truth and seek to enlighten the facts.

In 1897, the English writer Herbert George Wells published his scientific romance, The War of the Worlds, which lists human resistance to the invasion of Mars, who turned the countryside of London into ruin. It is one of the earliest stories of human resistance to space invasion, which became popular in literature and film later.