A vocational school cultivates elderly care service talents in this way (people's eyes, young people approaching the elderly care industry (3))
Lead
"Avonon is early!" Wang Cheng, the post-95 nursing supervisor of the Yangpu District Social Welfare Institute in Shanghai, is not a local, but he can speak authentic Shanghainese and often chats with the elderly. In 2015, Wang Cheng was admitted to Changsha Civil Affairs Vocational and Technical College in Hunan from his hometown in Sichuan, and entered the Yangpu District Social Welfare Institute through the modern apprenticeship order class the following year. In August last year, Wang Cheng became the first elderly care worker in Shanghai to settle down as a key talent, and this year won the Shanghai May Day Labor Medal.
In November 2021, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the "Opinions on Strengthening the Work on Aging in the New Era", which proposed to "vigorously develop relevant vocational education". In December of the same year, the "11th Five-Year Plan for the Development of the National Elderly Cause and the Elderly Service System" issued by the State Council proposed to "optimize the professional setting of elderly care services, combine the development of new formats of the industry, dynamically adjust and add relevant majors and improve the teaching standard system, and guide ordinary universities, vocational colleges, open universities, adult colleges and universities to increase the training of elderly service talents." ”
As one of the earliest colleges in China to open a major in elderly care services, Changsha Civil Affairs Vocational and Technical College majored in elderly service and management (renamed as smart health elderly care service and management in 2021) was founded in 1999 and has trained a total of 3180,2019 graduates, of which more than 12% are employed in elderly care institutions and related industries. In December <>, the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Finance announced the list of construction units in the first round of the "High-level Higher Vocational Schools and Professional Construction Plan with Chinese Characteristics", and Changsha Civil Affairs Vocational and Technical College was shortlisted as a high-level vocational school construction unit (B grade), and its elderly service and management major was identified as a key construction professional group.
A few days ago, the reporter walked into Changsha Civil Affairs Vocational and Technical College to explore how to cultivate and cultivate elderly care service talents.
Graduate Wang Cheng——
"My college entrance examination score exceeded the second main line by 6 points, and I took the initiative to fill in the higher vocational college, and took the employment 'through train' through the modern apprenticeship order class"
Gently rolling up his sleeves and carefully wrapping his armbands, Wang Cheng came on time every morning to measure the blood pressure of 89-year-old Grandpa Shi.
"High pressure 121, low pressure 78, rest assured!" Grandpa Shi held reading glasses and said with a smile that he and his wife Grandma Wu both suffer from chronic diseases such as high blood pressure, and thanks to the careful care of Wang Cheng and his colleagues, they have never suffered from a serious illness since they were admitted to a nursing home in 2016.
"Allah is a year-over!" Grandpa Shi happily peeled a chocolate and handed it to Wang Cheng, who happily took it, put it in his mouth, and said "sweet".
Although Wang Cheng has only been in the Shanghai Yangpu District Social Welfare Institute for 5 years, since the beginning of his freshman year, he has entered the modern apprenticeship order class jointly built by the school and the welfare institute, and has been an intern in the welfare home, so he has known the two elderly people for almost 7 years.
In August 2014, the Ministry of Education issued the "Opinions on Carrying out the Pilot Work of Modern Apprenticeship", which proposed to "actively carry out the pilot of modern apprenticeship system of 'recruitment is recruitment, entering school is entering the factory, and school-enterprise joint training'". In August of the following year, the General Office of the Ministry of Education issued the Notice on Announcing the First Batch of Modern Apprenticeship Pilot Units, and Changsha Civil Affairs Vocational and Technical College was identified as the first batch of pilot vocational colleges, and signed a talent training agreement with the Shanghai Yangpu District Civil Affairs Bureau to open modern apprenticeship order classes in elderly service and management.
"Enrollment is recruitment, admission is employment, study is work, graduation is employment", the teacher's patient introduction made Wang Cheng, who had just entered the school at that time, moved. After the interview and assessment, Wang Cheng was admitted as the first batch of modern apprenticeship order class students, and signed a tripartite agreement with Changsha Civil Affairs Vocational and Technical College and Shanghai Yangpu District Civil Affairs Bureau.
"My college entrance examination score exceeded the second main line by 6 points, and I took the initiative to fill in the higher vocational college, and took the employment 'through train' through the modern apprenticeship order class." Wang Cheng, a 27-year-old native of Pingchang County, Sichuan Province, felt safer to apply to a local undergraduate college after his college entrance examination results were released in 2015, while a high school teacher suggested that he try an unpopular major at a provincial university. "That was the decision I made after careful consideration after checking the relevant information on the Internet, and at that time I thought that elderly care services were a sunrise industry with good employment prospects." Wang Cheng recalled.
Soon after enrollment, Wang Cheng was selected to enter the modern apprenticeship order class, which strengthened his confidence to devote himself to the pension industry. The first batch of 21 students in the order class adopts the teaching mode of alternating between the school and the employer. During the school period, the students of the order class complete the basic courses of the school and participate in online learning through the online class set up by the Yangpu District Civil Affairs Bureau.
After the first academic year, the Yangpu District Civil Affairs Bureau organized the students of the order class to enter the Yangpu District Social Welfare Institute for a 49-day summer internship. Wang Cheng and his classmates were assigned to 7 branches to practice on a rotational basis, and the branch dean served as the instructor to teach service skills hand-in-hand. According to the tripartite agreement, the employer shall bear all tuition fees for students in the order class and transportation expenses and living expenses during the internship period.
"Life, study, and employment are guaranteed, but I am afraid that I will not be able to understand Shanghainese and will not be able to carry out my work." Wang Cheng had never been to Shanghai before, and most of the residents of the Yangpu District Social Welfare Institute were locals. At first, it was difficult for Wang Cheng and his classmates to communicate with the elderly. The orphanage offers language and culture classes – employees and students sit around and learn the Shanghai dialect word by word.
Bathing is "dayo", wiping your face is "clicking"... Wang Cheng wrote down common phrases in his notebook and some local customs and taboos. This group of young faces also attracted the attention of the elderly people in the orphanage, who enthusiastically became language teachers when they learned that they would come to work here after graduation. After more than half a month, Wang Cheng was able to communicate simply in Shanghainese and gradually integrated into the lives of the elderly. At the end of the summer internship, Grandpa Shi took Wang Cheng's hand and reluctantly, "Young man, you are quite excellent." Welcome to work in Shanghai after graduation, I will teach you more Shanghainese. ”
"Okay! Deal. Wang Cheng made a promise. After the start of the sophomore year, Wang Cheng studied more hard in a series of professional courses such as life care for the elderly. If the practical learning during the summer of the freshman year focuses on observing, understanding and familiarizing yourself with the situation, the top internship in the junior year makes Wang Cheng feel like he has entered the real workplace.
From early December 2017 to May of the following year, Wang Cheng carried out independent care work in a welfare home as a prospective employee. "I am mainly responsible for the disabled elderly who are basically incapacitated and need all-round care from caregivers." Wang Cheng helped the elderly dozens of times a day, turned them over, fed, changed clothes, changed diapers, and worked more than 12 hours a day, "sometimes I feel tired, but when I see the smile on the old man's face, I feel that everything is worth it." ”
In July 2018, Wang Cheng and 7 other students of the order class successfully graduated and all joined the Yangpu District Social Welfare Institute as scheduled. "From the school gate to the courtyard gate is seamless, students can be handy as soon as they join the school." Wang Cheng said that he not only knows the personality characteristics and physical condition of the old people, but also knows how many times Grandma Li eats cereal every day and which cabinet Grandpa Zhang's cup is placed in, so there is no need to take extra time to adapt.
"The order class allows us to familiarize ourselves with the unit and position in advance, make targeted career planning, and there is no psychological gap after employment, and we can work with ease." In April this year, Wang Cheng was hired as one of the first batch of senior elderly care technicians in Shanghai.
"The threshold of talent selection by employers has been moved forward, and employment supply and demand have been 'two-way'." Li Bin, Secretary of the Party Committee of Changsha Civil Affairs Vocational and Technical College, introduced that up to now, the school has cooperated with 4 government departments including Shanghai Yangpu District Civil Affairs Bureau and 3 enterprises such as Taikang Health Industry Investment Holdings Co., Ltd., and has opened a total of 16 professional order classes for smart health and elderly care service and management (formerly elderly service and management), training 524 students; The employment rate of students in the order class reached 100%, and more than eighty percent stayed in cooperative units for employment.
"Employment is guaranteed, the admission score line of the pension major continues to rise, and it has developed from less than 10% of the first choice application rate in the past and only about 30 students in one class every year, to a popular major with a first-choice application rate of more than 80%, an admission score line of more than the second main line, and four classes enrolled every year." Li Bin said.
Student Zhu Shiyi——
"The nurse in charge taught on the stage and gave lectures, and more than half of the medical nursing courses were in practice, and the students were training their knowledge, skills, and strong majors."
"My college entrance examination application is to major in geriatric service and management, but I didn't expect to take classes in medical school for 3 years of university." Wang Cheng's junior sister Zhu Shiyi said with a smile. In 2020, 18-year-old Zhu Shiyi walked into the university and found that the elderly service and management major was located in the School of Medicine of Changsha Civil Affairs Vocational and Technical College.
When she saw the class schedule, Zhu Shiyi's eyes lit up: from "health care for the elderly" to "geriatric diseases and medication", from "normal human structure" to "rehabilitation training for the daily ability of the elderly"... Medical nursing courses account for more than half of the total credits. "In the past, some people thought that working in the pension industry was 'feeding food and medicine', 'serving feces and urine', and serving people's work, and I had to prove my professional value with what I learned professionally." Zhu Shiyi said.
"The medical school runs a pension major, which can highlight the teaching characteristics." Huang Yansong, dean of the School of Medicine of Changsha Civil Affairs Vocational and Technical College, said that the geriatric service and management major has been established under the auspices of the medical school since its establishment in 1999, and the 28 teachers in the teaching team are from nursing, traditional Chinese medicine, rehabilitation, psychology, clinical medicine, basic medicine and other majors, including 18 teachers specializing in medical nursing and health care, generally with practicing physicians or nurse practitioners. The smart health elderly care teacher team led by Huang Yansong was awarded the Huangdanian-style teacher team in national colleges and universities.
Walking into the huge simulation nursing home training room, the nursing beds are neatly arranged, which is no different from the hospital ward. Zhu Shiyi and her classmates are practicing the essentials of knocking on the back and discharging sputum, and the teacher is Xie Haiyan, a member of the smart health elderly care teacher team and nurse in charge.
With five fingers together in the shape of an arch, palm and fingers at an angle of 120 degrees, Xie Haiyan explained while demonstrating, "Tap from bottom to top, from both sides to the center, and pay attention to avoid the kidneys and spine when patting the back." Under her professional demonstration, the students quickly mastered the essentials of movement. Xie Haiyan said that with the increasing refinement of elderly care services, the relevant curriculum has become more and more detailed.
In 2016, the School of Medicine revised the talent training plan, and Xie Haiyan and relevant teaching teachers suggested that a special course of "Care for the Elderly with Dementia" was set up for the elderly with dementia, and the original "Elderly Care Technology" course was refined into three courses: "Life Care Technology for the Elderly", "Safe Care Technology for the Elderly" and "Daily Ability Rehabilitation Training for the Elderly".
The detailed nursing teaching has benefited Zhu Shiyi a lot. During the "Life Care Techniques for the Elderly" class, Xie Haiyan asked everyone to bring a white rice porridge to the training room. The students worked in pairs, taking turns playing the role of an elderly man with hemiplegia, while the other tried to feed the "old man" for breakfast, looking for the best way to eat and care.
When lying on the bed playing the old man, Zhu Shiyi personally felt that the seemingly ordinary eating position was so important. "Eating with your head up, it's easy to choke. Eat with your head down, and it's a little hard to swallow. Zhu Shiyi said that feeding the old man seems to have no threshold, but it is actually very knowledgeable.
From the physiological mechanism of swallowing food to the professional skills of eating care, Xie Haiyan explained one by one: "To assist the hemiplegic elderly to eat, the food should be placed in the center of the tongue, which is conducive to swallowing", "After one swallowing, it is necessary to swallow several times and then feed the next bite to avoid overlapping the entrance of food twice" "The elderly can only take a nap after eating for 30 minutes to avoid food reflux"...
Zhu Shiyi went to the simulation nursing home training room to practice practical exercises whenever she was free, often going out in the morning sun, wearing stars and moons, and practicing for more than 12 hours a day. In August last year, Zhu Shiyi won the first prize in the National Vocational College Skills Competition (Higher Vocational Group) Elderly Care Service Skills Competition.
"We actively guide students to participate in various national competitions, forge strong skills, and strive to achieve competition to promote learning and teaching." Pan Guoqing, director of the Department of Aging Industry of the School of Medicine of Changsha Civil Affairs Vocational and Technical College, introduced that since the elderly care service skills competition was included in the National Vocational College Skills Competition in 2018, 4 students from Changsha Civil Affairs Vocational and Technical College have won the first prize, 1 student won the second prize, and 1 student won the third prize.
Good results are inseparable from the careful guidance of professional teachers such as Xie Haiyan. "Only by playing on the field can you do a good job of behind-the-scenes guidance." Xie Haiyan also took the initiative to sign up for relevant competitions, experienced the psychology of the contestants through the competition, and won the silver medal in the elderly care worker competition of the first vocational skills competition in Hunan Province held in July last year.
"The nurse in charge took the stage to teach and lecture experience, and more than half of the medical nursing courses were in practice, and the students were training their knowledge, skills, and strong majors." With her excellent performance, Zhu Shiyi was exempted from the examination for college entrance examination.
Club Instructor Liu Junming——
"Open up a second classroom for talent training, promote social practice through club activities, enrich the connotation of moral education with volunteer service, and help more than 5000,<> elderly people every year"
The music is playing, the dance is up. In the community of Xiangzhang Road, Yuhua District, Changsha City, across the street from Changsha Civil Affairs Vocational and Technical College, old people danced cheerful aerobics. At the front of the queue, Liu Junming, a member of the smart health elderly care teacher team of Changsha Civil Affairs Vocational and Technical College and the instructor of the "Sunset Spring" club, is leading the exercise, and student volunteers are standing in front of the elderly "one-on-one" to help them standardize their movements. "Our club basically comes twice a week to hold various elderly service activities in the community." Liu Junming said.
In 2012, Changsha Civil Affairs Vocational and Technical College signed a co-construction agreement with the community of Xiangzhang Road, exploring and forming a "1+4+N" service model for the elderly. "1" represents holding a large-scale theme activity of "Tree Silver Role Model" once a year, and "4+N" represents four groups including activity planning, rehabilitation care, health care, music and culture to carry out several basic service activities.
In November last year, in the final evaluation of the 11th China Youth Volunteer Service Project Competition jointly organized by the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League, the Central Civilization Office, the Ministry of Civil Affairs and other departments, the "10-year "1+4+N" Volunteer Service Project for the Old in Xiangzhang Road Community" submitted by Changsha Civil Affairs Vocational and Technical College won the gold award.
"The purpose of volunteering in the community is to let students enter the elderly group, listen to the voices of the elderly, strengthen emotional communication with the elderly, and stimulate a sense of identity for future careers." Liu Junming said that in order to motivate students to actively participate in club activities, the school has introduced a method that each student can receive 5 points for quality development credits for each activity they participate in, "According to the relevant regulations of the school, each student in the first and second years must obtain 60 quality development credits per semester to meet the graduation conditions." Many students participate in club activities far more than 12 times per semester because they feel strongly 'needed' in the process of serving the elderly. ”
Pan Qingfeng, a 20-year-old sophomore majoring in smart health and elderly care service and management, was deeply touched by this, and he carried out volunteer service activities for the elderly with the community no less than 30 times a year, and was selected as one of the "Top Ten Volunteers" of Changsha Civil Affairs Vocational and Technical College in April this year.
On this day, as soon as the students entered the community, some elderly people who were sitting idly in the community greeted them with a smile. "Today, we teach grandparents a set of finger exercises." Pan Qingfeng patiently introduced that moving fingers can properly stimulate the nervous system, delay the deterioration of nervous system function, and prevent cognitive impairment.
Along with the beat of the music, Pan Qingfeng broke down the essentials of the action one by one, while other students guided the elderly. "When students first came to the community, they generally didn't know how to communicate with the elderly, and they were both strange and restrained, but now they talk about everything." Pan Qingfeng said.
"Based on the characteristics of the discipline of the elderly, the school has opened up a second classroom for talent training, promoted social practice with club activities, enriched the connotation of moral education with volunteer service, and helped more than 5000,300 elderly people every year." Liu Junming said that at present, the "Spring of Sunset" club has more than 2003 members, and since its establishment in 2400, more than <>,<> students have participated in the activities.
Enterprise mentor Zhu Gan——
"The integration of production, education and research has been deepened by both schools and enterprises, and a pension service team that can be introduced, done well and retained for employers has been cultivated"
The lower limbs are extended, the thighs are relaxed, the ankle is the center, and the toes are looped 360 degrees... Kuang Zan, a junior student majoring in geriatric health care and management at Changsha Civil Affairs Vocational and Technical College, learned the essentials of ankle pump training one by one under the demonstration of his mentor Zhu Gan.
Zhu Gan is not only the nursing supervisor of Taikang Home Xiangyuan (Changsha) Elderly Care Service Co., Ltd., but also the enterprise mentor hired by Changsha Civil Affairs Vocational and Technical College. In January last year, the teaching base of Changsha Civil Affairs Vocational and Technical College officially settled in the Taikang Home Xiangyuan Retirement Community, and Kuang approved the interns she mentored.
"Post-00 college students stepped onto the front line of the post and added youthful vitality to the pension industry, as if I saw myself back then." The 34-year-old Zhu Gan graduated from Changsha Civil Affairs Vocational and Technical College in 2011 with a major in elderly service and management, and won the first prize of the third national professional skills competition for elderly care workers in 2015, gradually moving from an ordinary caregiver to a management position. Every day during her rounds, she took Kuang Zan to observe the practice and carefully taught him solutions to various situations.
Enterprise mentors pass on help, and practical teaching promotes growth. At the beginning of this year, when Grandpa Li, who suffered from Alzheimer's disease, moved into the Taikang Home Xiangyuan Retirement Community, he was assessed by a third-party agency as completely disabled and could only stay in bed. Kuang Zan used his professional knowledge to guide Grandpa Li to carry out ankle pump training, muscle strength training and stretching exercises. Half a month later, Grandpa Li was not only able to get out of bed and walk, but also go to the toilet by himself, and the family specially sent a letter of thanks for this.
School-enterprise collaborative education allows talent training and industrial development to resonate at the same frequency. Changsha Civil Affairs Vocational and Technical College and Taikang Home Xiangyuan (Changsha) Elderly Care Service Co., Ltd. jointly formulate talent training programs, develop and compile course teaching materials, incorporate the latest cases of nursing into teaching and training, and cultivate talents needed by enterprises in a targeted manner.
"The integration of production, education and research has been deepened by both schools and enterprises, and a pension service team has been cultivated for employers who can be introduced, done well and retained." Zhu Gan said that at present, more than 30 of the caregivers officially hired by Taikang Home Xiangyuan (Changsha) Elderly Care Service Co., Ltd. graduated from Changsha Civil Affairs Vocational and Technical College and have become a backbone of enterprise development.
"The talent demand of enterprises is the training goal of the school." Li Bin introduced that the two sides of school and enterprise continue to deepen the dual role of "school + enterprise", standardize the dual identity management of "student + apprentice", and jointly build a "mentor + master" dual-teacher team, and the number of enterprise tutors hired has increased from 2019 in 52 to 2023 in 116.
In 2018, Changsha Civil Affairs Vocational and Technical College took the lead in establishing Hunan Health and Elderly Care Vocational Education Group, and jointly carried out industry training, order training for healthy elderly care talents, technology research and development, etc., and deepened industry-education-research cooperation with relevant vocational colleges, pension enterprises and institutions, medical and health institutions, scientific research institutes, etc. At present, the group has covered 18 colleges and universities, 39 elderly care service enterprises and 8 medical units in Hunan Province.
Young students have come to the pension industry, adding color to the "sunset red" with vigorous youth. In recent years, Hunan has actively guided vocational colleges to open elderly care services and related majors, and at present, more than 10 vocational colleges in the province have opened pension (elderly) service related majors, with nearly 3500,40 students; More than 9000 secondary vocational colleges have opened majors related to elderly care (elderly) services, with more than <>,<> students.
(People's Daily reporter Wang Yunna)