Recently, influenza A has entered a period of high incidence,

Schools in many places were closed due to students suffering from influenza A.

Released by the National Influenza Center of China

According to the China Influenza Surveillance Weekly Report for the seventh week of 2023,

The onset of type A flu is the most ferocious recently.

Previously,

The disease control department in many places reminds:

Acute infectious diarrhea caused by norovirus,

It's peak season!

The doctor said,

The recent fever and fatigue may be caused by "flu",

You can go to the hospital for nucleic acid testing, and nucleic acid testing can also detect influenza A virus.

And if diarrhea occurs,

It is important to consider the possibility of norovirus infection.

Influenza A, norovirus, new crown, symptoms all have fever,

How to differentiate?

How to prevent it?

A stream

　　It is seasonally popular every year and is highly contagious.

　　Symptoms: Fever, muscle aches and headaches all over the body, and some mild respiratory symptoms, such as cough, runny nose, sore throat, etc.

　　Incubation period: 1-3 days. It is contagious 1-7 days after the onset of the disease, and the most contagious 2-3 days after the onset of the disease.

　　Mode of transmission: Mainly air droplets, but also indirect transmission through virus-contaminated items.

　　Note: In case of persistent high fever, shortness of breath, aggravation of underlying diseases, etc., you should go to the hospital for medical treatment in time.

In the early stage, especially within 48 hours of onset, the use of anti-influenza virus drugs can significantly reduce the incidence of severe influenza and death.

norovirus

　　One of the common pathogens causing acute gastroenteritis, it has the characteristics of low infection dose, long detoxification time, and strong external environment resistance.

　　Symptoms: nausea, vomiting, fever, abdominal pain and diarrhea, some patients have headache, chills and muscle aches.

Children mainly have vomiting, while adults mostly have diarrhea, and the stool is watery or watery.

　　Incubation period: 12-72 hours, usually 24-48 hours.

　　Transmission route: infection through ingestion of food or water contaminated with feces or vomitus, contact with patient feces or vomitus, inhalation of aerosols produced during vomiting, and indirect contact with contaminated items and environments.

　　Note: Norovirus gastroenteritis generally has an acute onset and is a self-limiting disease. Most patients can recover within 2 to 3 days after onset.

But for infants, young children, the elderly, especially those with underlying diseases, norovirus gastroenteritis can lead to more serious symptoms such as dehydration.

The difference between a flu and the common cold

　　First of all, the most important thing is to judge the epidemiological history. If you have been in contact with a patient with influenza A, or if many people around you have similar symptoms such as fever, cough, and sore throat, it may be influenza A.

　　Symptoms of influenza are usually systemic symptoms. In addition to fever, cough, sore throat, and runny nose, it is often accompanied by symptoms such as headache, fatigue, and muscle and joint pain.

　　The common cold usually has local symptoms based on runny nose and sneezing.

　　In addition, the fever of influenza patients is mostly high fever, generally above 38.5 degrees Celsius, while the common cold often has low fever.　

The difference between influenza A and new coronavirus

　　A stream is similar to the symptoms of the new crown in the upper respiratory tract.

Antibodies produced after infection with influenza A are generally valid for half a year.

　　Muscle soreness all over the body

　　The typical symptoms of influenza A are fever and muscle aches all over the body, but mild and asymptomatic patients infected with the new coronavirus generally do not experience these conditions.

　　Abnormal taste and smell

　　The new crown may also cause abnormal taste and smell. Some patients with the new crown virus may experience symptoms of vomiting, diarrhea and conjunctivitis. These symptoms are relatively rare in influenza A infection.

　　Lung disease

　　From a clinical point of view, pneumonia in non-severe patients with new coronary pneumonia is more common than influenza A. For the elderly and high-risk groups with underlying diseases, severe cases such as lung diseases after infection with influenza A are less than those of new crowns.

The difference between norovirus and swine flu and new coronavirus

　　After norovirus infection, the common clinical manifestations are vomiting, diarrhea, and some manifestations of abdominal pain, while fever is relatively mild.

　　Vomit

　　For children, the vomiting symptom is the most prominent, and the manifestation is acute vomiting, which can be three or five times a day, or even a dozen times.

　　diarrhea

　　Adults mostly suffer from diarrhea, and loose watery stools may appear, and there are no obvious white blood cells and red blood cells in routine stool tests.

　　Experts said that currently there is no specific antiviral drug or vaccine for norovirus, and after infection, relief of symptoms and supportive treatment are the main methods; prevention and control of non-drug preventive measures are more important.

　　Antibodies produced after norovirus infection have no obvious protective effect, and repeated infections are very prone to occur.

Therefore, it is necessary to develop good hygiene habits to prevent diseases from entering the mouth.

Drawing: Wang Ying

The probability of superposition of influenza A and new crown is low

　　Regarding the superposition of influenza A and the new crown, Wang Baozeng, director of the Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, said that the probability of this situation is very small. Even if it occurs, it is rare for non-high-risk groups to develop critical illness.

　　Wang Baozeng said, "However, it is recommended that people who have not been infected with the new coronavirus continue to take good protection."

Oseltamivir is not a "magic drug"

　　Recently, many influenza A patients have snapped up oseltamivir in pharmacies, and some pharmacies have been out of stock.

　　Li Tong, Chief Physician of Infection General Department of Beijing You'an Hospital, once said that neuraminidase inhibitors such as oseltamivir are drugs for the prevention and treatment of influenza A. Patients who take them within 48 hours after the onset of the disease can significantly reduce the severity and death of influenza. incidence rate.

"However, antiviral drugs such as oseltamivir are prescription drugs and should be used under the guidance of a doctor, and should not be taken by themselves."

　　China News Service (CNS1952) integrates China News Network, Xinhua News Agency, Science and Technology Daily, Beijing Daily, etc.