Dehong Prefecture, Yunnan builds a gene bank, cultivates small populations, and focuses on monitoring...


  Be a good "guardian" of wild animals and plants, and let rare species show their faces frequently

  ◎Reporter Zhao Hanbin

  Not long ago, a media photographer captured a large number of flower-headed parrots in the same frame in Dehong Prefecture, Yunnan Province.

  "According to the captured images, it can be determined that the number of parrots exceeds 100." Liu Yang, a famous ornithologist in my country and a professor at the School of Ecology of Sun Yat-sen University, said that the shooting of such a large number of parrots broke the domestic record. Observation records.

  The flower-headed parrot is a second-class national key protected animal. In my country, it is mainly distributed in Yunnan, Guangdong, and Guangxi. However, it has not been seen in these areas for nearly a hundred years. The academic circles even believed that it had disappeared in China.

It was not until April 2015, when an ecological photographer observed seven of this species in Pingyuan Town, Yingjiang County, Dehong Prefecture, and photographed their wild breeding behavior, that the parrot was once again confirmed to be distributed in my country.

  Dehong Prefecture is known as "China's Amazon" and "China's Parrot Bay".

According to Yang Zhenghua, Director of Dehong Prefecture Forestry and Grass Bureau, there are 6,053 species of higher plants and 1,000 species of vertebrates recorded in the prefecture, of which there are more than 720 species of birds, accounting for about 50% of the country's total. The five species of hornbills distributed in China are only in Germany. Only Hongzhou can see them all.

  It is reported that the Dehong State Party Committee and the state government have always attached great importance to the protection of wild animals and plants.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Dehong Prefecture has firmly shouldered the responsibility of biodiversity protection and painted a new picture of harmonious coexistence between man and nature.

  Promote the monitoring and protection of animals and plants

  Yang Zhenghua said that in recent years, Dehong Prefecture has strengthened scientific research and technological innovation, and promoted the monitoring and protection of wild animals and plants.

  In the process of protection and research, the relevant departments of Dehong Prefecture started to monitor key species, and successfully recovered more than 220,000 copies of photos and videos from the "Eye of the Secret" infrared camera in the reserve. A total of 79 species of wild animals were monitored through these materials, including There are 8 species of national first-level key protected animals and 16 species of national second-level key protected animals.

In 2022, relevant departments also took the first live images of Malayan pangolins, a "critically endangered" species on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, confirming the natural distribution of Malayan pangolins in my country.

  "Over the years, we have also actively carried out work such as collecting and cultivating precious tree species and rare and endangered plant resources." Yang Zhenghua introduced that at present, the state has established a national high-quality tree germplasm resource bank and a national dendrobium germplasm resource bank, collecting a total of 105 precious tree species. species, collecting more than 150 species of Dendrobium.

More than 1 million high-quality seedlings of precious tree species have been cultivated and reserved, and more than 30,000 rare and endangered plant seedlings have been protected.

Established 7 in situ protection communities for wild plants with extremely small populations, built the Ruili Branch Center of the National Gene Bank Yunnan Branch, cultivated more than 20,000 wild plants with extremely small populations, more than 200,000 rare plants, and 12 rare and endangered and extremely small populations Plants are fully protected.

  "Recite the 'management scripture' well and be a good 'guardian' of wild animals and plants, which is our original aspiration." Yang Zhenghua said.

  The road to ecological prosperity is getting wider and wider

  Shiti Village, affiliated to the Xueli Village Committee of Taiping Town, Yingjiang County, Dehong Prefecture, is one of the surrounding communities of Tongbiguan Provincial Nature Reserve.

The tropical rainforest ecosystem here is well preserved and the resources of wild animals and plants are abundant.

  According to records, there are rare and endangered animal and plant resources such as hornbill, red-legged kestrel, gray peacock pheasant, grate-toothed cycad, and Yunnan Tibetan olive in Shiti Village. Among them, there are 4 kinds of national first-class protected plants and 22 national second-class protected plants. It is one of the areas with the most dense biodiversity at the village level in the country.

  "Protect in development, develop in protection!" Since 2017, the local area has turned "green water and green mountains" into "golden mountains and silver mountains" to create a bird-watching tourism industry. Relying on rich bird resources, the "government + association + "Cooperative" model, build characteristic villages for bird watching, standardize bird monitoring points, stipulate ecological recuperation period, and hold "International Bird Watching Festival".

Under the call of the government, Shiti Village has set up more than 40 bird monitoring points, receiving more than 30,000 bird-watching tourists every year, which not only feasts the eyes of tourists, but also allows local people to taste the sweetness of the bird-watching industry.

  "The average annual income of each monitoring point is 36,000 yuan, and the annual per capita income of villagers has increased from less than 2,000 yuan to more than 8,000 yuan today!" Villager Cai Wu said. He bought two new cars for the operation of the bird watching point. Realized the transformation from "poor households" to "bird tour guides".

  Planting phoenix trees well will attract phoenixes. The transformation of Shiti Village is just the epitome of Dehong Prefecture's transformation of "green water and green mountains" into "golden mountains and silver mountains".

Yunnan Yingjiang National Wetland Park, Peacock Lake Ecotourism Area... Dehong Prefecture has built a "moat" to protect biodiversity with 7.4286 million mu of natural forests, public welfare forests and 1.99 million mu of nature reserves. A unique "road to wealth".