China News Service, Chongqing, January 17th (Jing Shiyan) The reporter learned from the Chongqing Institute of Cultural Relics and Archeology on the 17th that the Xiaotianxi Tombs in Fuling, Chongqing, located in the Three Gorges reservoir area, will complete phased archaeological excavations in 2022, and a number of important The remains of the Shang and Zhou dynasties have found traces of early Ba people's activities.
This achievement is helpful for establishing the time-space framework of archaeology in the pre-Qin period of the Wujiang River Basin, studying the pottery combination and its regularity of the early Ba culture in the Wujiang River Basin, the migration route of the Ba people, and studying the cultures of this area and Sichuan, Guizhou, Hunan, Hubei and other regions during the Shang and Zhou dynasties. Academic topics such as communication and dissemination are of great significance.
The picture shows the H3 area of the archeology of Xiaotianxi tombs in Fuling, Chongqing.
Photo courtesy of Chongqing Institute of Cultural Relics and Archeology
According to reports, the Xiaotianxi Tombs are located in Xiaotianxi Village, Baitao Street, Fuling District, on the first- and second-level terraces on the west bank of the Wujiang River.
The archeology of the Xiaotianxi Tomb Group in Fuling is one of the projects of the "Research on the Process of Bashu Civilization in the Sichuan-Chongqing Region". The archaeological excavation area will be 500 square meters in 2022.
According to the cultural connotation of the site, the archaeological team divided the site into three areas to carry out work, and the key work was carried out in the two areas of Chenjiazui site and Wangbeituo site.
"The most important discovery this year is the discovery of abundant Shang and Zhou remains in Wangbeituo. H3 is huge in volume and more than 2,300 pieces of pottery were unearthed. Judging from the unearthed objects, there are mainly pointed-bottomed wares, round-bottomed wares, flat-bottomed wares, and circles. Footware, etc.” said Yan Ni, an associate research librarian at the Institute of Cultural Relics and Archeology of Chongqing Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, said that the archaeological team collected two charcoal samples in H3, which dated to the late Shang Dynasty. Based on the age of the formation of the relics and the results of the type comparison, it is believed that the age of the H3 relics should be roughly from the end of the Shang Dynasty to the early Western Zhou Dynasty, and some artifacts can be as late as the early Western Zhou Dynasty. Pre-Qin remains provide the latest materials.
The picture shows the pointed-bottomed cups unearthed from the Xiaotianxi Tombs in Fuling, Chongqing.
Photo courtesy of Chongqing Institute of Cultural Relics and Archeology
According to reports, the Wangbei Tuo, Shang and Zhou relics have a complex cultural appearance, but the main pottery group is still dominated by pointed-bottomed cups, horned cups, pointed-bottomed cups, small flat-bottomed pots, and round-bottomed pots (cauldrons), which are generally similar to those in the Xiajiang area. It is even closer, showing the historical scene of multicultural convergence and integration of the Chengdu Plain, the Xiajiang area, the southern Shaanxi area, and the western Sichuan plateau.
Yan Ni said that a large number of animal bones were unearthed from the Xiaotianxi Tombs in Fuling, which proves the business model of the site.
After preliminary identification, the animal bones unearthed at the site fall into four categories: mammals, fish, birds, and reptiles, indicating that wild animals still occupy the vast majority. Although there are some pig bones, the fishing and hunting economy still occupies an absolute advantage. .
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