After the new crown epidemic prevention and control returns to "Class B and B management", how will my country ensure the comprehensive reliability of infection data, how to improve the accuracy and sensitivity of monitoring and early warning, and make timely research and judgment on the development trend of the epidemic?
On the evening of the 26th, the official website of the National Health and Medical Commission issued the "Notice on Printing and Distributing the Overall Plan for the Implementation of "Class B and B Controls" for New Coronavirus Infections."
The overall plan is clear to strengthen epidemic monitoring and response.
Dynamically track virus mutations at home and abroad, evaluate changes in virus transmission, pathogenicity, immune escape ability, etc., track and judge in a timely manner and take targeted measures.
Monitor the infection level of the community population, monitor the outbreak of the epidemic in key institutions, dynamically grasp the epidemic intensity, and judge the development trend of the epidemic.
Comprehensively assess the intensity of the epidemic, the load of medical resources, and social operations, and take appropriate measures to restrict gathering activities and the movement of people in accordance with the law to suppress the peak of the epidemic.
On the 27th, the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council issued the "Monitoring Plan for Novel Coronavirus Infection "Class B and B Control" Epidemic" (hereinafter referred to as the "Monitoring Plan").
According to the monitoring plan, the monitoring work is organized and coordinated by the National Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention, and the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention is responsible for the specific organization and implementation.
Each province (autonomous region, city) has set up a special monitoring and early warning class to be responsible for the organization and implementation of the work.
Local disease control institutions, medical institutions, education departments, and some key institutions (such as pension institutions, social welfare institutions, etc.) are responsible for completing relevant monitoring work and information reporting.
Do a good job in the reporting and correction of severe cases and death cases
According to the monitoring plan, in the next step, we must focus on the epidemic monitoring of key institutions such as medical institutions, elderly care institutions, and schools.
During the treatment of the new crown, medical institutions have a large amount of data on severe and critical cases of the new crown.
The monitoring plan thus proposes that medical institutions at all levels and of all types carry out case diagnosis reports in accordance with current regulations, and report and correct severe cases, critical cases, and death cases as required.
Revise the clinical classification within 24 hours according to the change of the condition, fill in the discharge date within 24 hours after the case is discharged, and fill in the death date and cause of death diagnosis within 24 hours after the death of the case.
Dynamic analysis of cases, especially the trend of severe cases, critical cases and death cases.
If severe cases, critical cases, death cases and other special cases are discovered during medical treatment, disease control agencies need to intervene in time.
"The disease control agency should carry out epidemiological investigations in a timely manner, and upload relevant epidemiological reports as required." The monitoring plan stated.
For the sentinel hospitals of the National Influenza Surveillance Network, the monitoring plan also proposes that all regions should rely on them to carry out new coronavirus infection monitoring.
The specific work includes daily statistics of the number of outpatient (emergency) and hospitalized patients, the number of people with acute fever and respiratory symptoms, the number of nucleic acid tests and positives, and the number of antigen tests and positives, and report them according to the influenza surveillance network process.
The full gene sequence of the virus variant should be reported to the Institute of Virology of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention in a timely manner.
Dynamically analyze the changing trends of the number of outpatient (emergency) and hospitalized patients, the number of patients with acute fever and respiratory symptoms, the number of new coronavirus infections, and the variation of virus strains.
In addition to medical institutions, according to the "Guidelines for the Prevention and Control of Novel Coronavirus Infection of Key Populations, Key Institutions, and Key Places" issued by the State Council's Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism on the same day, schools, preschool education institutions, elderly care institutions, and social welfare institutions also Belongs to key institutions.
When interpreting the overall plan a few days ago, the National Health and Medical Commission proposed to strengthen the prevention and control of key institutions such as elderly care institutions, social welfare institutions, hospitals, schools, preschool education institutions, and large enterprises, and strictly prevent the risk of clustered epidemics in places.
For educational institutions, the monitoring plan proposes that the provincial capital city selects a number of middle and primary school students in the urban area to carry out sentinel monitoring.
The school conducts daily monitoring of new coronavirus infection symptoms such as fever and dry cough among students in school, and conducts nucleic acid and antigen tests as needed.
Dynamic analysis of the trend of new coronavirus infection among primary and middle school students.
For elderly care institutions and social welfare institutions, the monitoring plan stated that all localities should carry out epidemic monitoring for these two types of key institutions within their jurisdictions, and carry out health monitoring and regular antigen or nucleic acid testing for the care recipients and staff in the institutions.
Detect infected persons and outbreaks in a timely manner, and control the spread of the epidemic within the institution.
Can the new crown virus be further reduced to a class C infectious disease?
According to the National Health and Medical Commission, at present, experts at home and abroad generally believe that the general direction of mutation of the new coronavirus is less pathogenic, more prone to upper respiratory tract infection and shorter incubation period.
The Omicron mutant strain has become the dominant strain in the world. Although the number of people infected is large, the pathogenicity has decreased significantly compared with the early stage, and the resulting disease will gradually evolve into a common respiratory infectious disease.
So, is it possible for China to further reduce the new coronavirus infection to a Class C infectious disease?
Li Qun, director of the Emergency Center of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, said in an interview with the People's Daily that it still takes some time to observe and study and accumulate more scientific data for evaluation.
"Whether to further adjust the new coronavirus infection to a Class C infectious disease depends on its degree of harm. It is necessary to continuously monitor the incidence of the disease and the mutation of the virus. After sufficient evidence is obtained, it will be scientifically evaluated before considering whether to adjust it from Class B to Class C." Category C. Generally speaking, three aspects should be considered: first, the virus strain is relatively stable, and the virulence and pathogenicity should be further reduced; second, the understanding of the disease is more comprehensive and systematic, and the means of prevention and treatment are more mature The third is that the masses have a fuller understanding of disease risks, and their personal protection capabilities continue to improve. At present, it still takes a certain amount of time to observe and study, and accumulate more scientific data for evaluation." Li Qun said.
In order to further improve the virus monitoring work, the monitoring plan proposes that all localities will carry out a number of inbound personnel from some land, air and sea port cities, patients visiting sentinel hospitals, key places and key populations, as well as samples of positive nucleic acid tests, as well as samples of severe cases and deaths. The whole genome sequencing work of the new coronavirus will be submitted to the Institute of Virology of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention on time.
Grasp the mutation trend of virus strains in real time, capture new mutant strains in time, and analyze the impact of mutation on virus characteristics and immune escape ability.
To strengthen the monitoring of virus mutations, it is also necessary to improve the accuracy and sensitivity of monitoring and early warning.
The monitoring plan stated that all localities should organize experts and teams with strong business capabilities to participate in special monitoring and early warning classes, strengthen cooperation with relevant universities and research institutes, give full play to technical advantages such as big data, artificial intelligence and mathematical models, and enhance automatic data analysis and auxiliary research and judgment. capacity, and improve the accuracy and sensitivity of monitoring and early warning.
It is necessary to analyze the epidemic monitoring information on a daily basis, scientifically judge the scale, intensity and scope of the epidemic, predict the trend of the epidemic and the time of the epidemic, assess the risk of the epidemic, and provide timely technical support for the prevention and control of the epidemic in various regions.