Chinanews.com, Hangzhou, November 26th, title: Hangzhou Cultural Observation: In addition to Deoksugung Palace, how much Southern Song Dynasty can we see?
The author strictly thanks Panpan
Recently, with the opening of the gate of the Deoksugung Palace Museum of the Southern Song Dynasty, the "appearance" of the Southern Song Dynasty, which had been sleeping for nearly a thousand years, became clear in an instant.
Deoksugung Palace is an important royal palace and garden building located in the capital Lin'an (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang) in the Southern Song Dynasty.
Song Gaozong and Song Xiaozong lived here after abdicating.
At the intersection at the foot of Fenghuang Mountain in Hangzhou, Hening Gate is strictly photographed by the Northern Palace Gate of Dane in the Southern Song Dynasty
Besides Deoksugung Palace, how much Southern Song Dynasty can be seen in Hangzhou?
The author recently had a "walking tour of the Southern Song Dynasty" with Du Zhengxian, director of the Archeology Department of Zhejiang University City College.
Ouchi
An inconspicuous public toilet on Fenghuangshanjiao Road, Hangzhou. Du Zhengxian said that this is the area where the North Palace Gate of the Imperial City of the Southern Song Dynasty - Hening Gate was located.
Du Zhengxian's evidence is that opposite this toilet, behind a dilapidated private house at the foot of Fenghuang Mountain, the ruins of the Donei Beigong Wall were discovered.
And Ningmen and Beigong Wall should be in a line.
Today, the road at the foot of Fenghuang Mountain is presumed to be the passage to and from Ouchi at that time.
The intersection of the two is the current public toilet.
The public toilet on the Fenghuangshanjiao Road in Hangzhou is speculated to be the Northern Palace Gate in the Southern Song Dynasty——Photographed by Xie Panpan in the area where the Hening Gate is located
Looking at the public toilets, the author can hardly imagine that Qin Hui, the prime minister of the Southern Song Dynasty, and Yue Fei, the famous general, went to court from here.
The Imperial City Site of the Southern Song Dynasty is located at the eastern foot of Fenghuang Mountain in the south of Hangzhou.
After more than 800 years of ups and downs, the Fenghuang Mountain Da Nei has already become the home of ordinary people, and many units have settled here.
The author and Du Zhengxian stood at the intersection at the foot of Fenghuang Mountain. They could no longer see the prosperity of the past, but only saw the outer wall of a cafe with the words "Heningmenwai" written in large characters.
The Phoenix Yuyuan Art Base, located at No. 7, Fenghuang Shanjiao Road, is a provincial-level cultural industrial park in Zhejiang.
Walking in the park, you can see bakeries of different styles, handicraft workshops with log characteristics, and maker spaces where cutting-edge designers gather.
These designers may not necessarily know that this is the area where the Daqing Hall, the "Golden Luan Hall" in Da Nei, is located.
Royal Street
After leaving the Hening Gate, it is the Royal Street of the Southern Song Dynasty.
Yujie starts from Hening Gate, passes through Taimiao, Chaotianmen, Zhong'an Bridge, turns to the west, passes Gongyuan Road of Ministry of Rites, crosses Xinzhuang Bridge, and finally arrives at Jingling Palace.
The criss-crossing roads are all centered on Yujie, forming a transportation network extending in all directions, which is the central axis of Lin'an City in the Southern Song Dynasty.
Photo by Xie Panpan of the Royal Street of the Southern Song Dynasty displayed in the Southern Song Dynasty Relics Exhibition Hall
In 2003, in order to cooperate with the road construction of the east line of Wansongling Tunnel (Yanguan Lane Section) in Hangzhou, the Hangzhou Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology carried out a rescue archaeological excavation on Yanguan Lane, and discovered the Yujie, Yujie Bridge and the Yujie Bridge in the Southern Song Dynasty. Important relics such as bridge pier foundations.
The Southern Song Dynasty Ruins Exhibition Hall built on this basis can truly see the most prosperous imperial street pattern in Lin'an City in the Southern Song Dynasty.
In the exhibition hall, the author saw that the Royal Street was paved with fragrant cake bricks and divided into main roads and auxiliary roads.
Du Zhengxian said that the greatest achievement of Yanguan Lane Yujie archaeology is to clarify the width of Yujie, which is about 20 meters, which completely reveals the whole picture of Yujie, and was selected as one of the top ten archaeological discoveries in China that year.
It is worth mentioning that at that time, Hangzhou City decided that "tunnels should be opened and imperial streets should be protected." Finally, the original tunnel plan was adjusted, and the Southern Song Dynasty Site Exhibition Hall was built on the basis of the ruins. .
Taimiao
The Taimiao of the Southern Song Dynasty is the ancestral temple where the emperors of the Southern Song Dynasty worshiped the late emperors. It is second only to the imperial city in importance. Unfortunately, the Taimiao was destroyed in the war in the Yuan Dynasty.
Photo courtesy of the Cultural, Radio, Tourism and Sports Bureau of Shangcheng District, Hangzhou City, Southern Song Dynasty Taimiao Ruins Park
The Taimiao is located at the eastern foot of Ziyang, Hangzhou. In 1995, Du Zhengxian, who worked at the Hangzhou Institute of Cultural Relics and Archeology, accidentally discovered that the old houses in this area were being demolished. It turned out that the developer planned to build a Ziyang community with 12 houses here.
Thus, a salvage archaeological excavation began.
At the beginning, the archaeologists thought that the Southern Song Dynasty was in a hurry to establish the capital, and the construction of the Taimiao might also be in a hurry, and the scale should not be large.
Photo by Xie Panpan
However, with the deepening of excavation, important architectural relics such as the east wall of the Taimiao site in the Southern Song Dynasty, the site of the east gate, and a large rammed earth platform were discovered, covering an area of about 1,000 square meters.
Although the archaeological excavation has not yet revealed the full picture of the Taimiao, it has already seen the scale and momentum of the Taimiao in the Southern Song Dynasty, as well as the superb level of construction technology.
Later, Hangzhou City did not hesitate to invest more than 80 million yuan in the early stage to stop the construction of residential quarters at the site of the ruins, and built the Southern Song Dynasty Taimiao Ruins Park, providing citizens with an elegant environment and a place for activities and leisure with a strong cultural atmosphere.
The Taimiao Ruins Park of the Southern Song Dynasty is now also a place for citizens and tourists to check in, singing and dancing, dancing with swords and boxing.
Song Gaozong must have found it hard to imagine that the solemn and solemn Southern Song Taimiao was so "firework".
Du Zhengxian said that the protection of the Taimiao site in the Southern Song Dynasty is a successful case of urban archaeological site protection in China, which has a great impact on Hangzhou and the whole country, so it was rated as one of the top ten new archaeological discoveries in China in 1995.
Prince's Mansion of Qinghe County
"Song History·Gao Zong Ji" records: "Shaoxing twenty-one year winter October Jiaxu, fortunately Zhang Jundi." In the winter of 1151, Song Gaozong went to Zhang Jun's house for a meal.
Zhang Jun, Yue Fei, Han Shizhong, and Liu Guangshi were also called the heads of the four generals of Zhongxing in the Southern Song Dynasty, and were named Qinghe County Kings.
However, Zhang Jun later murdered Yue Fei together with Qin Hui.
Now, among the four clowns kneeling in the Yuewang Temple in Hangzhou, there is Zhang Jun.
From the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty to the end of the Song Dynasty, it lasted more than 150 years. Zhang Jun's Qinghe County Palace was the "first residence" in the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty.
The stone lions of Qinghe County Prince's Mansion are strictly photographed
Qinghe Commandery King Zhang Jun's royal residence is located in the alleys at the eastern foot of Wushan Mountain in Lin'an City, roughly in the area of today's Wushan Commercial City.
Later, the street where the Wangfu was located was called Qinghefang, and now Hefang Street, a famous pedestrian street in Hangzhou, got its name from it.
From January 2001 to April 2002, Hangzhou Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, where Du Zhengxian works, carried out rescue archaeological excavations on the construction site of Wushan Mall, and found three patios, two house sites, two sidewalks, sewers and culverts and one in the Southern Song Dynasty. Cisterns and other remains.
Exquisitely patterned tiles, owl kisses and other architectural components, large stone lions, stone bases carved with auspicious animals, and stone balls used by soldiers for training were unearthed at the site.
Comparing with the "Capital Map" in "Xianchun Lin'an Chronicles" in the Southern Song Dynasty, it is judged that this place is roughly "Qinghe County King's Mansion".
More than 800 years later, a stone lion from Zhang Jun's family is also on display in the Hangzhou Museum's recent exhibition titled "Walking in the Landscape—Hangzhou Lin'an City from the Perspective of the Southern Song Dynasty".
It is nearly well preserved, looking at the past exhibition citizens, just like seeing Song Gaozong and Qin Hui attending the banquet at the gate of Zhang Jun Qinghe County Prince's Mansion.
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