At 19:00 on October 6th, Beijing time, the 2022 Nobel Prize in Literature was announced, and the French writer Annie Ernaux won the award for her "courage and sensitivity to reveal the roots of personal memory, estrangement and collective restraint" .

　　Currently, Ernault has two autobiographical novels published in mainland China.

One is "A Woman" published by Baihua Literature and Art Publishing House in 2003, which includes three novels "Location", "A Woman" and "Shame".

The other is "Long Time" published by People's Literature Publishing House in 2010, which has been republished twice.

After the news of the Nobel Prize came, the Shanghai People's Publishing House immediately stated that three Ernault's works are in the process of publishing and will be officially released soon, namely "A Man's Position" and "A Woman's Story". "Memories of a Girl".

　　Ernault, 82, is one of the most influential female writers in contemporary French literature.

She was born in Lille Beaune-sur-Mer, France, and spent her childhood in Ivoto, a small town in Normandy.

Her father was a farm laborer and later a factory worker. After marriage, the couple opened a small cafe and grocery store in a poor neighborhood.

Like all parents in the world who "hope for a girl to become a phoenix", Ernault's parents pin their hopes on their daughter. They save money and send her to the best private school in the local area.

　　Ernault first taught in secondary schools and later at the French Distance Education Center.

She started writing in 1974, and her first autobiographical novel was "The Empty Cabinet".

　　Guo Yumei, a professor of French at Tianjin Foreign Studies University, has studied Ernault for many years and is also the translator of "A Woman".

She introduced in her paper that Ernault's novels can be divided into two categories, one is autobiographical novels represented by "Location", "A Woman" and "Shame", the other is "Simple Passion" and "Lost" is a "private diary" novel.

　　Guo Yumei said that Ernault emphasized the use of plain language to record the real scenes of social history.

In "Position," she writes that when reading Proust or Mauriac, she felt that they were not talking about the life of her father's childhood, but a life that belonged to the Middle Ages.

And she needs to objectively record what the prototypes of the stories in her novels have said, done, and hobbies.

　　In "One Woman", she also wrote, "What I am writing here is neither a biography nor a novel, but maybe something between literature, sociology and history. My mother was born in the lower classes. , she always wanted to change her social status. I entered this world of mastering language and thought according to my mother's wish, and I had to write her story so that I would not be in this environment of mastering language and thought. It feels too lonely and false." In 2019, when Ernault was interviewed by the "Guardian" reporter, he still insisted on this view, "Telling the truth is the job of a novelist."

　　Guo Yumei said, therefore, Ernault has always adhered to the position and perspective of the common people, and resisted the cultural vision and space dominated by the form of power and the cultural form of intellectual elites.

Ernault also admits, "I rebelled against traditional literary creation, the rules of creation that I learned in college." She also said that she wanted to write about supermarkets, buses, abortion, etc. that were despised by literature. "Trivial" "mortal trivia" to subvert the hierarchies inherent in literature and society.

　　Erno's language is also very characteristic.

Guo Yumei said that she never uses long and complicated sentences, but mostly uses loosely structured everyday oral sentences, and rarely uses exaggerated adjectives or modifiers, and believes that only the writing style of line drawing is the most accurate.

As she wrote in Dishonored, "There are so many adjectives in women's fiction that are used almost insanely, such as arrogant demeanor, gloomy tone, arrogant tone, cynical tone, acerbic tone, etc., I can't think of reality. Which of the people around in life can be modified with such a word." Therefore, Ernault's novels are also very popular with French readers, often causing a sensation as soon as they are published. The autobiographical novels "Position" and "A Woman" are respectively Created sales of 500,000 and 450,000 copies (note: the population of France in 2021 is 67.5 million).

　　Guo Yumei said that for a long time, women's autobiographical writing has often been discriminated against by the male-dominated critical circle, believing that they can only revolve in a small world, and their writing has also been relegated to "egocentrism".

However, in addition to the daily narrative, Ernault also skillfully intertwines the dimensions of the individual and the society, using personal stories to understand and demonstrate the society in which they live. This approach expands the narrow vision of traditional women's literature. "Especially, the author grasps the relationship between women's private stories and social and historical tension, so that the work has a richer aesthetic connotation and reflects the aesthetic value of women's literature with a depth of realism."

　　In "A Long Time" published in 2010, Ernault used the unique perspective and concise and delicate brushstrokes of female writers to show the life of French civilians after World War II, especially the writing techniques of French women's inner world in that era.

This autobiographical novel, which has been brewing for 20 years, is recognized as Ernault's masterpiece.

She started with 14 old photos of her childhood, her girlhood, being a wife and a mother, and then upgrading to her grandmother. In her personal memories, she interspersed with the French miners' strike, the death of Pope John XXIII, the Cuban crisis, and Kennedy. The assassination, the death of Marilyn Monroe and other important social and historical events in France and abroad at that time.

　　"Long Time" is also considered to be a new type of photo autobiography. The photo narrative plays a role in the text as a medium connecting individual and collective, family and society, individual experience and collective experience. It depicts the history of the fate of French women in the contemporary context and the history of great changes in French society, history, politics and culture in the 60 years after World War II.

In the year it was published, "A Long Time" won three literary awards (Duras Literary Prize, Aquitaine Francois Mauriac Literary Award and French Literary Award).

　　It is worth mentioning that the French abortion film "It's Happening", which won the Golden Lion Award at the 78th Venice Film Festival this year, is also adapted from Anne Ernault's autobiographical novel "Happening".

The film tells the story of Anne, a literature student, who became pregnant unexpectedly in the 1960s, when abortion was not legalized in France. In order to get her life back on track, she had to risk breaking the law and seek various ways to get an abortion.

Although Annie finally completed the abortion with the help of a private doctor, she had conflicts with her family and close friends, was isolated by her classmates, and was suspected by her teachers.