China News Service, Lanzhou, October 4th (Pang Bo Feng Zhijun) "I would like to give out a bag of gold, but please take a look at Khiva." This proverb handed down on the ancient Silk Road expresses the uniqueness of the ancient city of Khiva. nice.

In response to the "scars" left over by a variety of factors for thousands of years, China's senior cultural conservation units have solved the "difficult and miscellaneous diseases" of this ancient cultural heritage by means of "seeing, hearing, asking," and other methods in recent years, making it radiant with new brilliance.

  The ancient city of Khiva is located on the oasis in the lower reaches of the Amu Darya River in southwestern Uzbekistan. It has been one of the important towns on the Silk Road since the 4th century AD.

For thousands of years, the ancient city has formed a rich and colorful history and culture. It is the first world cultural heritage in Uzbekistan and has the reputation of "museum paradise".

The picture shows the wall fissure grouting project of the "Aid Project for the Restoration of Historical and Cultural Relics of Khiva Ancient City in Khwarizmo Prefecture, Uzbekistan".

(Data map) Photo by Zhou Peng

  The reporter learned from the Cultural Protection Center of the Northwest Institute of China Railway Research Institute (hereinafter referred to as "China Railway Northwest Institute") on the 4th that, as an important project of Sino-Ukrainian cultural cooperation under the framework of the "Belt and Road", it has "double first-class" in the survey, design and construction of cultural relics protection projects. The qualified institute undertook the “Aid Project for Restoration of Historical and Cultural Relics of Khiva Ancient City in Khwarizmo Prefecture, Uzbekistan”, and deeply participated in the protection and restoration of the ancient city.

  According to reports, the ancient city of Khiva preserves dozens of historical and cultural relics under key protection, some of which have fallen into disrepair.

To this end, China Railway Northwest Institute set up a professional team composed of technical talents in hydrogeology, engineering geology, engineering exploration, deformation monitoring and surveying and mapping, etc., and rushed to the ancient city of Khiva to conduct on-the-spot investigation.

  "The biggest feature of cultural relics is their non-renewability." China Railway Northwest Institute said that the reinforcement, repair and protection of ancient architectural cultural relics that have experienced thousands of years of wind and rain is actually like an experienced old Chinese medicine. The elderly are the same as seeing a doctor for diagnosis, finding out the cause, and prescribing medication.

The picture shows the "Aid Project for Restoration of Historical and Cultural Relics of Khiva Ancient City in Khwarizmo Prefecture, Uzbekistan" under construction.

(Data map) Photo by Zhou Peng

  The so-called "look" is to carry out all-round surveying and deformation monitoring of ancient buildings; "smell" is to carry out comprehensive information collection and sample sampling of ancient buildings; "ask" is to carry out detailed survey and data collection of ancient buildings; "Cut" means to scientifically and objectively analyze the "difficult and miscellaneous diseases" in ancient buildings and find out the cause.

  "Surface water infiltration in the ancient city of Khiva, displacement of the original ancient building structure, etc. are the important reasons for the uneven settlement of the foundation of the cultural relics, which causes the tilt and cracking of the domes and walls of the School of Economics and mosque buildings." On the one hand, China Railway Northwest Institute Actively contacted domestic procurement of special construction equipment and delivery tasks, on the other hand, under the scorching sun, a comprehensive survey of ancient buildings was carried out, and the real reason for the diseases of cultural relics buildings was finally found out.

  In view of the "difficult and miscellaneous diseases" of the ancient buildings in the ancient city of Khiva, a "prescription" that cures both the symptoms and the symptoms is another new challenge.

Because of the inherent engineering practices, materials and traditional construction methods of buildings such as mosques and schools of economics in Uzbekistan.

Each cultural relic protection project is unique. For the cultural relics protection project of the ancient city of Khiva, similar experience can be used for reference, but the original protection plan must not be applied in a conservative manner. , can continuously optimize and improve the protection scheme.

The picture shows the completion of emergency support and installation of the minaret of the "Aid Project for the Restoration of Historical and Cultural Relics of Khiva Ancient City in Khwarizmo Prefecture, Uzbekistan".

(Data map) Photo by Zhou Peng

  During the period, the team of the Cultural Protection Center of China Railway Northwest Institute fully considered and combined the actual local conditions and regional characteristics, and effectively protected its original historical information and traces of the times.

By constantly trying cutting-edge technologies in the industry, innovating process methods, and using scientific testing and monitoring methods, the project team, in the construction process, follows the principle of minimal intervention and the concept of not changing the original state of cultural relics, and uses reasonable and rigorous surgical-like restoration techniques to determine the building. Measures for structural reinforcement and repair of building damage.

  In the maintenance, local traditional materials and techniques are used as much as possible, and the building damage is repaired and strengthened according to the principle of identification, so as to ensure the integrity of the building, the safety and stability of the structure, so that the historical information of the building can be preserved and continued, and the heritage value can be better displayed. .

  China Railway Northwest Institute said that in the past thousand years, the ancient city of Khiva has been destroyed more than 40 times.

The restoration project of historical and cultural relics in the ancient city of Khiva has not only brought new brilliance to the ancient cultural heritage, but has also become a demonstration project for the cooperative protection of human cultural heritage along the Silk Road.

(Finish)