● In recent years, with the increasing popularity of camping, wild mountains, wild water, and wild places have become the traffic passwords of bloggers, attracting many tourists to check in for "wild fun".
However, due to the lack of supporting facilities in these places, there are many dangers, and some accidents occur frequently
● The influence of Internet celebrities is relatively large, their shooting skills and narrative ability are strong, and they are more attractive to ordinary people.
Legally speaking, if you know that the place you recommend is dangerous, you must fulfill certain obligations. First, you must do a good job of risk warning. If others engage in some risky behaviors because of their recommendation and inducement, they must take some responsibility
● If tourists voluntarily participate in certain activities even though they know that there are certain risks involved in participating in certain activities, in this case, tourists generally have to bear the corresponding losses.
If there is a relevant organizer, the organizer shall bear the corresponding responsibility
□ Our reporter Zhao Li
□ Our intern Zhao Jingyi and Feng Hanyi
At 15:30 on August 13, a flash flood broke out in Longcaogou, Xiaoyudong Community, Pengzhou City, Sichuan Province.
As of 24:00 that day, the disaster has killed 7 tourists.
Some netizens broke the news that Longcao Valley has never been a tourist attraction. It has only gradually become a check-in point for Internet celebrities around Chengdu after being recommended by some social platforms and Internet celebrity bloggers in recent years.
In addition to self-driving tours, some travel companies also include them in the list of tourism items to recommend to the outside world.
After the Longcaogou Mountain Flood Distress Incident, some netizens pointed their finger at the bloggers and platforms that made the dangerous place a "Internet celebrity check-in place". Don't you need to be responsible?"
In recent years, with the increasing popularity of camping, wild mountains, wild waters, and wild places have become the traffic passwords of bloggers, attracting many tourists to check in for "wild fun".
However, due to the lack of supporting facilities in these places, there are many dangers, and some accidents occur frequently.
For example, the Internet celebrity "Flying Fish" in the field tourism and adventure circle was killed when he climbed the Mount Henanta Wengshan alone in Qamdo, Tibet; many donkey friends trekked into the closed Cangshan Nature Reserve and the incidents of death also occurred from time to time.
How did these wild attractions become popular?
When will the wild travel point net red punching wind be stopped?
Wild attractions are popular
Unexplored hidden risks
"A complete guide to super-beautiful Internet celebrity attractions", "A good place to tread water for free in summer", "Too much film, it's a treasure to take pictures"... On some social platforms, short video platforms and travel travel recommendation platforms, such travel recommendations are not uncommon. .
When choosing a travel destination, many people are also accustomed to "investigating" online first and refer to other people's travel experience.
At the end of July this year, Ms. Liu, a citizen of Dalian, Liaoning, participated in such an "adventure".
When she swiped a short video, she came across a gathering post of a tourist team, and asked her teammates to check in Dalian's "Sacred Elephant Tianmen" together.
Since she has been in love for a long time, she decided to join the team.
Dalian's "Holy Elephant Gate" is a giant sea cave with a strange shape. It is named after its shape like an elephant sticking its trunk into the sea.
Ms. Liu said that although the scenery is magical and unique, the road to the "Holy Elephant Gate" is extremely difficult. Tourists need to cross the winding mountain road in the forest and climb over a pile of rocks and rocks scattered with broken glass, wood, nails and other discarded building materials. In addition, the sea cliff where the "Holy Elephant Gate of Heaven" is located is high and steep, and the surrounding rocks are slippery and slippery, some of which have even loosened and are at risk of falling.
"I only found out when I went there that it is not a scenic spot, there are no protective measures, and it is very difficult to climb up. If your foot slips, you may fall, fall on a stone, or even fall into the sea, but there are many people who go up to take pictures."
According to Ms. Liu's recollection, there was a warning sign "Dangerous here, please do not enter" on the outside of the reef pile, but the ALICE pals turned a blind eye and went straight to the check-in place.
She later learned that most people came here through "grass-planting posts" on the Internet platform.
"The time to go is very important. You can only pass when the tide is low. You must look at the tidal schedule in advance. We went in the morning. If we hit the high tide in the afternoon, we will not be able to pass. Even if we pass, we may be trapped and unable to come back."
Ms. Feng, a citizen of Wuhan, Hubei, is also a wild travel enthusiast. She likes to escape the city for a short time on weekends to check in those "niche wild spots" that have not been discovered by too many people.
At the beginning of June this year, Ms. Feng saw a lot of posts about Luotian Bingjiu group on social platforms. The variety of Bingjiu group in the picture aroused her interest, and she decided to take a look.
Luotian Bingjiu Group is located in a section of alpine canyon at the junction of Hepu Town and Jiuzihe Town under the jurisdiction of Luotian County, Hubei Province. It is an unexplored natural secret.
The ice mortar is actually a rock pit formed by the strong impact and grinding of the underlying bedrock by the glacial meltwater carrying ice debris and detritus material.
According to Ms. Feng's recollection, the scenery there was beautiful, but it was difficult to find. The ice mortar was in the valley, and the altitude of the valley was low. It was impossible to find it from the 323 provincial road halfway up the mountain. where to go.
"The path down to the river valley is particularly dangerous. It is bumpy, steep and slippery. There is a nearly 90-degree slope in the middle. You need to use both hands and feet to pass. If you don't travel light and wear non-slip shoes, I feel really It will fall," Ms Feng said.
She found that it was not only the mountain road leading to the river valley that was dangerous, but also the slippery moor.
It is not easy for people to walk on all kinds of strange-shaped stones.
"This is an undeveloped wild spot, so there is no smooth road, or there is no road at all. Everyone walks and climbs on the uneven rocks, and they will be decorated to some extent."
After the return trip, Ms. Feng read a lot of "grass-planting posts" about Luotian Bingjiu Group, and found that few bloggers mentioned danger warnings in their posts, "I suspect that some bloggers have never been to this place. , because the words in many recommended articles are similar.”
Internet filter urges wild travel
Blinding tourists to ignore danger
The reporter searched for keywords such as "wild attractions" and "wild travel" on multiple social platforms and short video platforms, and found that many Internet celebrity bloggers were recommending various wild travel places, and some emphasized that "this is not a scenic spot and there are no tickets". Some emphasize "few people" and "very good movies", but rarely mention safety issues.
For example, some bloggers strongly recommended Fairy Pool, a popular check-in spot near Riyue Bay, Wanning, Hainan, saying that here you can hike, trace the river, play in the water, camp, and explore unknown “secret routes”.
Some bloggers also wrote in the recording post: "Because there are a lot of rocks in the pool, I can't perform swimming (mainly I don't dare to go to the deep water area). , I swam a few laps under the care of my friend, and I felt quite proud. Later, we went to the upper back mountain to explore, and the road was not easy to walk, so we must walk together." However, it was reported earlier that the Fairy Lake is more than 5 meters long. It is deep and the underwater reefs are sharp. If you jump into the pool from the rocks on the shore, accidents are easy to happen. There have been 4 drowning deaths in two years, and the warning sign by the pool reads "No swimming, no diving".
Under the pretense of online "filters", many netizens wanted to find out, and asked in the comment area, "Is the road easy to drive?" "They won't let me in, what can I do?" Only a few people who have been there will be there. The comment area pointed out that these scenic spots have safety risks and other issues, "will pass the landslide point, there will be stones falling", "no management, a lot of garbage, strong wind and waves".
Take the current topic of "top stream" - "glass water" as an example. This term refers to streams and ponds in the mountains with clear water like glass.
Different from the waters in conventional scenic spots, "glass water" often means less flow of people, good ecology, and no pollution. The stream is crystal-clear and blue-green in color. Playing in the water here is not only cool and pleasant, but also good-looking. Photos are in line with the preferences of people who use social platforms as the main channel to search and plan travel routes.
By reading the relevant "glass water" sharing posts, the reporter found that these waters often do not have a clear name and address. They need to enter from a village, farmhouse or a nearby park on foot, and to go to canyons, streams, etc. may also require human body rafting, Professional outdoor sports such as canyoning and canyoning.
When some bloggers introduce these scenic spots, they all use clear water, pollution-free, and beautiful scenery as propaganda points. They hardly analyze the topography and landforms. At most, they only mention that there may be moss on the stones.
"Now the so-called wild tourist attractions, as long as they are recommended by bloggers and platforms, will soon become popular check-in places and overcrowded." A senior outdoor player told reporters that these wild tourist attractions are often undeveloped because they are not developed. There are certain risks and it is not suitable for tourists who lack experience in outdoor activities.
Xiao Mu, a senior member of Peking University Shanying Club, also told reporters: "Compared with mature scenic spots, these undeveloped fields have a lower overall level of safety. Scenic spots have more convenient emergency response methods and are provided by professionals. help."
More importantly, wild travel actually requires a lot of professional knowledge and rigorous up-front planning.
Xiao Mu shared his experience of exploring the line and leading the team in Shanying Club: "The most important factor in field activities is the weather. We will prepare many backup routes before the event, and adjust the route according to the weather conditions of the day during the actual trip. In addition , To understand the terrain of the place where you are going, different types of terrain have different dangers, you must check whether these dangers exist, plan the travel route and measure the travel time, and think about emergency methods, including local early warning and rescue capabilities. In the mountains, the steepness of the route and the growth of vegetation are also considered to avoid injury as much as possible, and also consider whether and how to evacuate safely and quickly in the event of injury.”
If the platform is out of order
or will be jointly liable
In this way, some people recommend, some people pay attention, some people go to it, and some platforms are neglected to review. As a result, a place as dangerous as an "abandoned mine" has been "upgraded" to become an Internet celebrity, and even described as a "the best choice".
Experts interviewed believe that such "spots" are on fire, and the role of the platform behind them cannot be ignored.
When entries such as "What is the experience of entering an abandoned mine for the first time" appear on the homepage of the platform, it is difficult to say that its recommendation mechanism is not at work.
Zhang Lai (pseudonym), a content reviewer on a short video platform, revealed to reporters that his work is more about checking whether there is illegal and bad information in videos or texts, rather than checking the authenticity of the information.
"For example, illegal and illegal information, vulgar pornographic or bloody horror information, information that violates public order and good morals, and information that leaks other people's privacy and violates others' copyrights, etc., these are all things we need to find and deal with in a timely manner. As long as there is no false information that intentionally misleads others, we will not remove the content or limit the flow of content in this wild check-in place with potential security risks." Zhang Lai said, "Of course, some 'grass' The content deliberately refers to places that are not allowed to be entered as scenic spots, repairs the warning signs on the photos, and depicts dangerous places as particularly safe. It is trying to incite others to go through false propaganda, which must be dealt with.”
"As long as a problem is found, we will not let it go easily, but the pressure of content review is very high. It is normal to review thousands of videos every day. Just identifying the content that violates the platform's review rules is already too busy to eat. Whether the content is true or false, and the intention of the information publisher, I’m afraid you don’t even need to sleep.” Zhang Lai said, so the platform is also encouraging users to report problematic content, which will be verified and dealt with after receiving the report.
According to Zhu Wei, deputy director of the Communication Law Research Center of China University of Political Science and Law, although the platform's review power is limited, it can give full play to the platform's open information feedback mechanism and the power of netizens.
Every netizen can report the content of false propaganda and malicious guidance. After the report, the platform must accept it as soon as possible.
In addition, the platform can mark some content through big data analysis to remind netizens of risks.
Internet celebrity bloggers who spread false content on social platforms and attract more tourists to play here, and platforms that continuously recommend more netizens to see this post through algorithms, should bear certain responsibilities for spreading illegal information.
Zheng Ning, director of the Cultural and Legal Research Center of the School of Cultural Industry Management, Communication University of China, also pointed out that according to the Civil Code, the E-commerce Law, the Tourism Law and the "Regulations on the Ecological Governance of Internet Information Content", the platform should carry out safety reminders and content audits for dangerous behaviors. Netizens are reminded to proceed with caution, and through the algorithm mechanism, such dangerous behaviors are not recommended.
Xue Jun, deputy dean of Peking University Law School, believes that Internet celebrities have a relatively large influence, and their shooting skills and narrative abilities are more attractive to ordinary people.
Legally speaking, if you know that the place you recommend is dangerous, you must fulfill certain obligations. First, you must do a good job of risk warning. If others engage in some risky behaviors because of their recommendation and inducement, they must take some responsibility.
"In some cases, the relevant social platform may also be liable for infringement. If it is a post or video with high traffic on the platform, such accidental injury occurs in the recommended place, and the platform needs to bear certain responsibility. For content such as red check-in points, the impact of the virtual world on the real world should be considered, and the platform should have a certain pre-judgment of possible problems, take measures such as current limit and warning, or feedback to the local government to strengthen management measures.” Wang Sixin, a professor at Communication University of China, said.
He also believes that the Internet platform will actually affect the aggregation, dissemination and social interaction after dissemination of information, so it should have the obligation to review and supervise, and participate in the construction of the comprehensive social security management system.
In the opinion of Wang Hui, a partner of Beijing Jingshi Law Firm, in judicial practice, if the platform can promptly remove the corresponding information when it receives the relevant notification, it is generally considered that it has fulfilled its due obligations and will not order it. assume corresponding responsibilities.
"The platform is responsible for keeping the soil. It can use big data analysis technology to review and analyze the content released by users, and timely discover the huge risks and hidden dangers of consumer safety behind the 'wild scenic spots'. It is necessary to remind in obvious areas that there are no tourism authorities in this place. Approved, there are no security facilities, it belongs to an undeveloped area, the platform is not recommended to go, and users are reminded that the opinions of other publishers do not represent the platform's views." Liu Junhai, a professor at the Law School of Renmin University of China, said that the platform cannot use netizens' sharing as an excuse to avoid it. social responsibility.
Xue Jun believes that the platform has a certain obligation to review the information published on the Internet, but it cannot expand the platform's responsibility indefinitely.
The platform must have an open information feedback mechanism. For example, "abandoned mines" are full of dangers. After receiving complaints and reports, the platform must impose corresponding constraints on the publishers, and mark or remove the inductive videos from the shelves.
Participate in knowing the risks
Tourists are responsible for the loss
Some interviewed experts also pointed out that if tourists still voluntarily participate in certain activities knowing that there are certain risks involved in participating in certain activities, in this case, tourists generally have to bear the corresponding losses themselves.
If there is a relevant organizer, the organizer should assume corresponding responsibilities.
During the investigation, the reporter found that some players or organizations will publish some self-discovered “wonders” in routes that have not been commercially developed, such as “glass water” streams, caves, canyons, etc.; The destination is deep in the mountains, and these routes often include professional outdoor sports such as canyoning, karst cave exploration, and creek climbing.
After inquiring, some players said that they could go together or pay a certain fee to "play with them", including transportation, coach remuneration, etc.
The reporter saw a blogger specializing in cave exploration and river tracing on a social platform. The exploration sites include karst caves in Guizhou and undeveloped canyons in Hunan Province.
The blogger replied to netizens in the comment area that he is engaged in water conservancy and has rescue qualifications. Many of these caves and canyons were found by himself based on maps, because the places to be explored are often deep in the mountains, and the travel route will include Professional outdoor sports such as karst cave exploration, river tracing, and human body rafting.
In his comment area, you can often see netizens asking about participation methods and prices.
The blogger said that as long as the weather permits and a certain number of people are gathered, a group can go there; but he also emphasized that it is not recommended to go without a professional, as undeveloped natural caves are dangerous.
In this regard, Xiaomu's opinion based on experience is that "most of these posts are written by people with certain experience and professional knowledge", but these places are only suitable for such professionals, "newbies or inexperienced people are the most It is good to stay away from these places. At the same time, be sure to carefully understand the relevant information of the leader before participating in such activities.”
"According to the provisions of the Civil Code, if one voluntarily participates in a cultural and sports activity with certain risks and suffers damage due to the actions of other participants, the victim shall not request other participants to bear the tort liability; however, the other participants have intentional or gross negligence for the occurrence of the damage. Except for that." Zheng Ning said.
Liu Simin, vice president of the Tourism Branch of the China Future Research Association, believes that it is very important for individuals to strengthen "self-discipline" to avoid some dangerous behaviors.
For example, individuals should have their own basic judgments about Internet information, be in awe of nature, have empathy for others in public places, and consciously abide by corresponding laws and regulations.
"Tourists themselves should also establish a rational, safe and civilized consumption concept, do not follow the wind to catch up with hot spots, and try to choose regular tourist attractions to ensure safety." Liu Junhai said.