observer
Under the requirements that the epidemic must be prevented, the economy must be stabilized, and the development must be safe, drought relief and disaster relief pose a great challenge to the comprehensive urban and rural emergency management work.
Recently, due to the impact of global climate change, extreme high temperatures have occurred in southern my country.
According to CCTV news reports, the local maximum temperature in 9 provinces including Sichuan and Chongqing reached over 40°C, leading to severe drought disasters.
The General Office of National Defense and the Department of Emergency Management, together with the State Grain Reserve Bureau, urgently allocated the central drought-relief materials to support the drought-relief and disaster-reduction work in all parts of the south.
Local governments have also taken active actions. For example, Sichuan Province has launched a first-level emergency response to "energy supply guarantee for emergencies", and the province's flood and drought disaster prevention has launched a third-level emergency response.
In this context, how to comprehensively and systematically do a good job in emergency management of extreme drought has become a proposition that needs to be considered urgently.
On the whole, to deal with extreme drought, we first need to have bottom-line thinking.
In terms of characteristics, drought is a typical slow-evolving disaster, and its risk accumulation and development trends are not easy to monitor, but will eventually lead to significant impacts.
Slowly evolving droughts are difficult to detect and often cause local emergency management systems to ignore work such as material preparation.
Therefore, flood control and drought relief requires a sufficiently complex scenario and a more comprehensive response plan.
Only in this way can the established plan be launched in time when extreme weather strikes, and the negative impact of extreme drought on the safety of people's lives and properties can be reduced as much as possible.
Secondly, the challenges of forest fires, food production reduction, and water and electricity shortages brought about by drought are very severe, and urban and rural emergency management needs to uphold systematic thinking.
Relevant parties should base on the characteristics of drought, proceed from the overall situation of overall security and development, understand the complex, complex, and systematic impact of extreme drought, and take multiple measures to reduce the threat of drought to people's lives and property.
It should be known that the evolution and development of drought can easily form a disaster-pregnancy environment for other natural disasters, especially forest fires and urban fires.
This is the case with the recent wildfires in Chongqing and other places.
At present, extreme drought has caused rivers to stop flowing in many parts of southern my country, resulting in a shortage of hydropower generation and affecting the daily operation of industries such as electronic information, energy and chemical industries.
In addition, the third quarter is a critical period for economic development, which has created a great demand for power supply.
At the same time, the impact of extreme drought disasters on grain production and reserves has been magnified, and tasks such as drought relief, water storage and seedling preservation are related to the bumper harvest of autumn grains.
Under the requirement of "prevent the epidemic, stabilize the economy, and secure development", drought relief and disaster relief pose a great challenge to the comprehensive emergency management work in urban and rural areas.
Today, the social impact of drought on urbanization also highlights some new features.
For example, under the circumstance of insufficient power generation and crowding out of industrial electricity, urban residents are in high shortage of electricity resources. As a last resort, many places in Sichuan have implemented orderly electricity consumption measures.
Insufficient supply of air-conditioning, superimposed extreme high temperature caused urban heat waves, which had a great impact on the lives of many local residents.
The current situation of epidemic prevention and control is still severe. In order to combat drought and disasters and resist the impact of urban heat waves, we must have innovative thinking and comprehensive policies under the social background of the new era.
In the face of the development of drought and its adverse impact, urban and rural emergency management in all regions needs to continue to make efforts in emergency response, people's livelihood security, and social participation.
Governments at all levels need to further do a good job in the protection of drought relief equipment and living materials, coordinate the overall situation of emergency risk monitoring and response to droughts, fires, flood control and drought relief, and pay attention to the systematic impact of droughts on all aspects of economic and social development.
It is necessary to put the living security of residents in the first place, rationally allocate electricity resources for production and living, open and set up places for urban residents to enjoy the cool and summer in a timely manner, and do a good job in public services in related fields.
In particular, for outdoor workers and beggars and homeless people, the local government must give priority care and special security guarantees on the premise of doing a good job in epidemic prevention and control.
Of course, it is also necessary to mobilize the participation of grassroots communities and social organizations to a greater extent.
Social forces are an important supplement to the grassroots emergency management capabilities of towns and communities. Grassroots governments, social organizations, enterprises and even residents need to form a joint force to prevent and respond to droughts and their negative impacts, and take measures to combat droughts according to local conditions to build grassroots resilience against droughts.
In short, to deal with extreme drought disasters, we must take multiple measures to give full play to the strength of government emergency management departments, social and professional institutions. Only in this way can we minimize the damage caused by extreme drought.
□Zhong Qixi Wang Hongwei (School of Public Administration, Renmin University of China)