□ Guanshan

　　Cloth coins in the Warring States Period, coins issued during Wang Mang's first currency reform, "Jianyan Yuanbao" coins in seal script... This year marks the 110th anniversary of the establishment of the National Museum. Among the more than 1.43 million pieces of the National Museum's collection, some are enthusiastic from all walks of life The generous donations of people, Luo Bozhao is one of the outstanding representatives.

In August, the "Continued Fire and Fire - Luo Bozhao Donation Exhibition" held in the museum systematically displayed the coin culture that traveled through time and space.

　　Luo Bozhao, formerly known as Wen Jiong and No. Muyuan, is a native of Ba County, Sichuan Province. He is a famous numismatist and coin collector in modern and modern my country.

From 1957 to 1965, Luo Bozhao donated more than 15,000 cultural relics in his collection to the Beijing History Museum (now the National Museum of China), including cloth, knives, springs, Yuanbao, Tongbao, Chongbao and other ancient dynasties. Coins of shape and denomination, modern silver dollars, yuan, commemorative coins, cloth coins, silver coins, copper coins, banknotes of revolutionary bases, and even gold coins, silver coins, nickel coins, and banknotes in different regions of the continents.

　　There is one more thing to say here. Spring is the name of ancient coins, which means that the currency circulates like spring water.

After Wang Mang usurped Liu's power in the Han Dynasty, he was taboo next to "gold" in words such as "qian" and "baht", so he officially replaced "qian" with "quan".

In the Qing Dynasty, during the Qianlong and Jiaqing periods, the gradual rise of the textual research on gold and stone made the study of ancient money flourish.

Between the sinking of history, coin collections have naturally changed hands.

Luo Bozhao, Fang Yaoyu and Zhang Shuxun are also known as the "Three Heroes of the Quan Family" in modern times, and have the reputation of "Northern Zhang Bashu Luo".

　　Luo Bozhao was born in Chongqing on August 19, 1899.

He was smart since childhood and was admitted to the business department of St. John's University in Shanghai.

In the 1920s, Luo Bozhao started as a tung oil trader, from a small firm to a large factory, and also started a cross-border trade, which made a lot of profits.

After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Luo Bozhao, who moved his family to Shanghai, has become quite powerful in the business world, but his influence is far less than his in the collection and research of ancient Chinese coins.

　　Since he was a child, Luo Bozhao has been very interested in coins. In the late Qing Dynasty, small flat coins with inner and outer circles were still circulating on the market. Parents gave children a few small coins as pocket money. Luo Bozhao always had to study it carefully. Take it yourself.

After going to school, he wrote a copybook. He wrote the traditional treasure characters in different ways on the ancient coins on a piece of paper and handed it to the teacher.

The teacher is also a coin lover. Seeing that he likes ancient coins, he taught him to wait until he grows up and can collect coins as a hobby when he has certain economic conditions.

　　After graduating from Luo Bozhao University, the enthusiasm for coin collecting increased with the solid economic strength.

In the 1920s, when he was doing tung oil business in Chongqing, he met coin collectors such as Mao Yonggeng, Dai Baoting, Jiang Boxun, and many antique shop owners. ", Zhang Wenbin's "Dachao Tongbao" (silver coin), "Tiansheng Yuanbao" (Zhe Ertie Fan), Chen Zhongbi's "Zhaoxinbao" (silver) and other coin treasures and even orphans.

Someone has calculated for Luo Bozhao that he spent more than 20 million yuan on coins, and sometimes even bought back a rare small flat coin with a few gold bars.

　　By the end of the 1930s, Luo Bozhao had become a famous spring master in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River, along with Zhang Shuxun in Shanghai in the south and Fang Yaoyu in Tianjin in the north, and was known as "Ba Shuluo".

Jiang Boxun commented: "Among the friends, Luo Bozhao is tireless, and he is afraid that he will not be able to catch up. He is able to break down and hand in hand, open his mind like a valley, and wash away the old habits. His ambition is commendable, and his perseverance is commendable."

　　In the early 20th century, the Chinese coin industry set off a wave of collection and research in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Beijing, Tianjin, Liaodong, Sichuan and other places, but the scale was small and the duration was short.

Until the establishment of the China Quanbi Society, it has become the most authoritative Quanbi research society due to its large scale, long time, standardized activities and strong personnel lineup.

In May 1940, Luo Bozhao, Zheng Jiaxiang, Wang Yinjia and others jointly initiated the establishment of the China Quanbi Society, which was located in Luo Bozhao's mansion.

Ding Fubao, the oldest and highly respected, is the president and Luo Bozhao is the vice president, and is responsible for the editor-in-chief of the journal "Quanbi", a publication of the society.

　　Luo Bozhao collects coins not only for variety and quantity, but also for treasures, but also for the improvement of knowledge of ancient coins. Whenever he collects unprecedented varieties, he must read ancient books and research, find relevant materials of newcomers, and conduct in-depth research on history. Luo Bozhao is better at discerning pearls than others, so he is destined to receive the "Jianguo Tongbao", a rare coin of the Northern Song Dynasty.

　　No one has seen the "Jianguo Tongbao" money before, nor has it been recorded on the money spectrum, and many people have never even heard of the year title "Jianguo".

According to Luo Jiong, daughter of Luo Bozhao, when a rich dealer brought a "Jianguo Tongbao" to Shanghai, people in the coin industry thought it was a fake.

Later, the coin was taken north by money dealers.

Luo Bozhao, who had only seen the "Jianguo Tongbao" rubbing, carefully studied it, but decided it was a treasure, and sent someone to chase the north with 12 taels of gold to buy the coin.

　　Luo Bozhao not only has practical experience, but also has a high theoretical level.

In the daily rubbing with "Jianguo Tongbao", Luo Bozhao conducted in-depth research.

He once published the article "Jianguo Tongbao Qian Kao" in the seventh issue of "Quanbi", expounding that he found through research that Song Huizong once had the era title of "Jianzhong Jingguo", but the time was only two or three months.

As for why the coin uses the first and last words in the era title of "Jianzhong Yasukuni", Luo Bozhao believes that this should be related to the taboo at the time: if the first two words "Jianzhong" are used to form "Jianzhong Tongbao", it is closely related to Qian Wen in Tang Dezong's time. ; And if "Jingguo" is taken, Huizong should think that these two words are not enough to summarize the meaning of the four characters "Jianzhong Jingguo", so it is natural to take the first and last two words.

"Jianguo Tongbao" is extremely rare, and there are no more than 10 pieces in existence, so it is not an exaggeration to call it the first rare coin in the Northern Song Dynasty.

　　In Luo Bozhao's vast collection, he has always regarded "Singapore Eleven Baht" as the most treasured treasure.

Ma Chuande, the son of contemporary numismatist Ma Dingxiang, once wrote an article to recall the tortuous collection experience of this ancient coin.

In the early 1940s, a "new coin eleven baht" was discovered in the north.

Since the elders of Quanjie, Zhang Zoubo and Zheng Jiaxiang, both questioned and denied the coin, this expensive "new coin eleven baht" became a thing that no one cares about in Beijing.

In the winter of 1943, Ma Dingxiang visited Li Qingyu, the owner of the "Singapore Eleven Baht" in Liulichang, Beijing, and saw the controversial "Singapore Eleven Baht" in person.

"This money was cast by Wang Mang, and it is an undoubted and creative treasure." Ma Dingxiang, who made this conclusion, bought it with 11 taels of gold.

After returning to Shanghai, Ma Dingxiang recommended this precious coin to Luo Bozhao, which had been neglected for two or three years.

Luo Bozhao saw the "Singapore Eleven Baht", and he couldn't put it down. He decided to buy this rare and unique item with huge gold.

　　In 1957, Luo Bozhao donated more than 10,000 coins such as "Singapore 11 Baht" to the then History Museum (the predecessor of the National Museum).

In 1962, he donated another batch of coins from his collection to the Shanghai Museum.

"My intention is to collect another 10 years, make a score for 10 years, and the book will be completed. Then I will use all the springs in the collection and make it public to the country. The sages at home and abroad are fortunate to teach me!" Luo Bozhao not only donated his personal collection, but also kept an eye out for new cultural relics. In this case, the museum has provided clues of cultural relics to the museum for many times, and acquired the treasures in the first time.