Common drugs such as aspirin, nitroglycerin, and Suxiao Jiuxin Pills are regarded as "life-saving drugs" by many patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

However, after reading the news below, I am afraid everyone will be confused.

According to a news report, Aunt Zhang, who was in her 60s, was suffering from pain in the front of her heart. She remembered that she had seen in the circle of friends that chewing a few aspirin in an emergency could relieve her "heart disease", so she took aspirin by herself without going to the hospital for diagnosis and treatment in time. Nearly dying... why is that?

Today, pharmacists are here to introduce the differences and correct usage of these several "emergency drugs" for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

　　Sudden chest pain in patients with coronary heart disease

　　First aid with two medicines

　　Aspirin is an antiplatelet drug, which is often used for primary and secondary prevention of coronary heart disease. People who have suffered from cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and are very likely to develop cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are most suitable for long-term regular use.

　　Nitroglycerin is a drug that dilates blood vessels. It is often used for rapid relief of angina pectoris in patients with coronary heart disease who have been diagnosed, and is generally used for first aid.

　　Suxiao Jiuxin Pill is a Chinese patent medicine containing chuanxiong and borneol. There is no definite diagnosis of coronary heart disease, but people with high blood pressure and blood lipids and high risk of coronary heart disease who have experienced angina pectoris can carry Suxiao Jiuxin Pill to relieve sudden chest tightness symptoms.

Suxiao Jiuxin Pills can also be taken regularly under the guidance of a doctor for a long time to prevent and treat cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

　　So, can the above three drugs be used as emergency medicine?

For patients with coronary heart disease who have been diagnosed, aspirin also has a certain effect when there is sudden chest pain, but it is not generally used as a first aid drug.

　　Causes of fatal chest pain vary by drug

　　The question comes again. Since aspirin has a certain effect on the chest pain of patients with coronary heart disease, why did the elderly in the news take aspirin for chest pain and almost died?

This is because different types of heart disease require different first aid measures. In the event of sudden chest pain, you should call 120 as soon as possible.

　　At present, the common fatal chest pain can be roughly divided into three types: acute myocardial infarction, aortic dissection and pulmonary embolism. It is difficult for patients to distinguish accurately.

"Aunt Zhang" in the news saw the "heart disease" mentioned in the circle of friends, which should refer to coronary heart disease and acute coronary syndrome with chest pain as the typical manifestation.

When such patients have sudden angina pectoris or myocardial infarction, taking aspirin may be effective; but for patients with aortic dissection, the most feared is dissection bleeding, and aspirin has an inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation, which will increase the risk of bleeding. Aortic dissection is dangerous and fatal.

After the Aunt Zhang in the news was finally sent to the hospital for examination, it was a typical aortic dissection.

　　Therefore, I would like to remind everyone that if you have chest pain for the first time, it is best to call 120 in time to find out the cause of the chest pain and choose the correct first aid measures.

　　suffering from cardiovascular disease

　　This is the best medicine

　　Aspirin is a drug that patients with coronary heart disease need to take regularly for a long time under the guidance of a doctor.

It should be noted that the common aspirin on the market are enteric-coated tablets, which need to be taken on an empty stomach.

Many people mistakenly think that aspirin hurts the stomach, and they take it after meals. In fact, it is a big misunderstanding.

If enteric-coated tablets are taken after meals, the food residues in the stomach may wear down the enteric coating of the tablets, causing the drug to disintegrate in the stomach in advance, which will even hurt the stomach.

According to the patient's own situation, generally take 100mg per day. For patients who are more irritable to the gastrointestinal tract or easily lead to bleeding, 50-75mg per day is enough. Be careful not to break the 100mg enteric-coated tablet, but choose a small size. aspirin.

　　Nitroglycerin is generally used for emergency use in patients with coronary heart disease who have been diagnosed with angina pectoris. The correct way to take it is to take it under the tongue.

Generally, angina pectoris can be relieved within 5 minutes after taking it. If it is not relieved, take 1 more tablet. If even taking 3 tablets is ineffective, do not continue to take it. Be sure to call 120 and do not move freely.

It should be noted that patients with severe hypotension, severe anemia, glaucoma and increased intracranial pressure are contraindicated.

In addition, the drug has genetic polymorphisms, which means that different people have different effects after taking it.

If the patient feels that the effect is not good after taking it, the drug gene test can be used to help the doctor determine whether the drug is suitable for use in the future.

　　It is worth mentioning that the posture of swallowing nitroglycerin is also important.

Sitting is better than lying down or standing, because nitrates have vasodilator effects, which may cause orthostatic hypotension, which can cause dizziness, hypotension, and even syncope due to insufficient blood supply to the brain. Sitting is safer; In addition, if the supine position is taken during oral administration, it may increase the burden on the heart due to the increase of blood return to the heart, thereby affecting the efficacy of the drug.

　　Suxiao Jiuxin Pills can relieve the symptoms of chest tightness when angina pectoris occurs, and take 10-15 capsules for emergency treatment. In addition, it can also be taken for a long time to prevent and treat cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Take 3 times a day, 4-6 capsules at a time.

　　All in all, it is very correct to keep emergency medicines at home, but you also need to master the timing and correct usage of them, ask the hospital for a clear diagnosis in time, and do not use them at will, so that "lifesaving medicines" can truly play their "lifesaving" role.

　　Text / Wang Zihui (Beijing Chaoyang Hospital)