At 8:00 a.m. on July 13, Liu Song walked into the office in Yong'an Village. In the following day, he was busy designing product packaging boxes, making display boards, communicating with the street to create an exhibition hall, and connecting with villagers in housing operations. , take tourists to visit and explain...
Liu Song is a rural professional manager hired by Yongan Village, Yuhang Street, Yuhang District, Hangzhou City, and some people jokingly call them "village CEO".
A professional manager was originally a position in an enterprise. It is the backbone of the senior management of the enterprise. It can be understood as the so-called "golden collar" in daily life.
Since 2019, Yuhang District has started to publish hero posts to recruit professional managers for rural areas. The purpose is to hope that these people can promote rural revitalization and help develop rural collective economy.
In September 2020, Liu Song and seven other colleagues became the second batch of "village CEOs" in Yuhang District through selection and hiring. In less than two years, he has done a good job, helping the per capita income of Yong'an villagers from In 2018, less than 35,000 yuan increased to 56,900 yuan, and the village collective economy increased from 568,000 yuan to 3.15 million yuan.
Under the age of 45, the basic salary of 180,000 yuan is not capped.
For more than three years, the emerging profession of rural professional manager has never been known to arouse heated discussions, and now there are many applicants.
As an innovative model of rural revitalization, rural professional managers are also faced with some dilemmas such as acclimatization, discord among villagers, and limited systems.
Some scholars believe that the most urgent task is for government departments, village committee cadres, villagers and rural professional managers to find the boundaries of rights, responsibilities and interests, and to cooperate and support in an orderly manner, so as to jointly create a better future for the countryside.
Professional managers in Yongan Village
Located in Yong'an Village, Yuhang Street, Yuhang District, the villagers have grown grain for generations. The village covers an area of 7.09 square kilometers. There are 30 villager groups, 889 households, and a population of more than 3,100 people. It has 5,259 mu of arable land.
Zhang Shuibao, secretary of the Yong'an Village Party Committee, remembers that in 2002, Yong'an Village, which had only a dozen villagers' groups, had no money in their accounts and still owed 160,000 yuan. The villagers have private plots for growing vegetables, mulberry trees to feed silkworms, fish ponds, and graveyards.
There is only a three-meter-wide dirt road going in and out of the village, and a lot of rice can't be pulled out and rot in the fields.
In order to break through the predicament, Yong'an Village has successively carried out work such as "centralized land transfer" and "beautiful rural construction", making it a high-standard farmland demonstration area, and hardening all field roads.
"But the income of the common people and the collective income of the village have not increased much," Zhang Shuibao said. In 2017, the collective economic income of the village was only 285,000 yuan, which belongs to the economically weak villages in Yuhang District.
Zhang Shuibao said that since then, with the support of district leaders and the promotion of Yuhang Street, Yong'an Village Joint Stock Economic Cooperative established "Hangzhou Daoxiang Town Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd." as a village-owned enterprise in Yong'an Village.
He found a planning company and invested more than 1 million yuan. On November 8, 2019, he did the first phase of the Harvest Moon Festival, which hit the brand of "Yong'an Daoxiang Town".
But in 2020, Zhang Shuibao found that the planning company had ideas, but did not understand operations.
"We urgently need talents who understand operations. At that time, the District Agriculture and Rural Bureau was recruiting the second batch of rural professional managers. I said that our village would definitely recruit them."
In September 2020, Liu Song passed the examination to apply for a job in Yong'an Village. Through measures such as "model innovation, digital empowerment, and talent introduction", he explored a way to revitalize the countryside under the protection of basic farmland.
Liu Song, relying on the brand of "Yong'an Daoxiang Town", made the "Yushang Dao Township" agricultural, cultural and tourism integration project.
The "Yushangdao Township" project is located in the north of Tiaoxi, Yuhang Street, covering an area of 71.8 square kilometers in 8 villages including Yong'an and Xita. The core block is located in Yong'an Village.
Liu Song developed 1,000 mu of land in the core block into a 10-mu 1-unit enterprise that adopted paddy fields, and adopted it one year ahead of schedule at the price of 80,000 yuan per year, so that the paddy was sold before it was planted, which ensured planting income and Reduce market risk.
Then cooperate with relevant e-commerce platforms, use digital to empower production, supply and marketing, and display the data on a single map to realize various digital visualizations such as rice field production, agricultural product traceability, and digital rice field marketing; companies that adopt rice fields can track them on their mobile phones. Manage your own land; IoT devices connect field weather, soil and other information to Alibaba Cloud, and combine data analysis with the sales of agricultural products to guide precision marketing and planting production in reverse.
On June 12 this year, the launching ceremony of the 2022 "Yushang Rice Village" Rice Transplanting Festival kicked off.
At present, "Yushangdao Township" has successively won honorary titles such as "Hangzhou Digital Village Demonstration Village", "Hangzhou's First Batch of Gongfu Villages", "Hangzhou's First Batch of Future Villages", and "Zhejiang AAA Tourist Village". More and more people are studying.
Let professional people do professional things
There are currently 15 rural professional managers like Liu Song in Yuhang District.
Zhang Bin, head of the Science, Technology and Education Department of the Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Yuhang District, said that the idea of setting up rural professional managers in the bureau was in September 2018. "At that time, the leaders approached me and said that they wanted to be innovative and find a market for the village collective economy. A manager who needs to be transformed into a manager with a higher salary can only bring in talents, and I feel unsure when I hear it, because there is no precedent in the country on how to do this.”
Zhang Bin introduced that in Yuhang, some villages are very rich. For example, because of their good geographical location, many houses have been built and rented to township enterprises as factories, and they can earn 40 to 50 million yuan a year.
More often, the natural environment is good but the villages are relatively poor, and the village committees are unable to manage the villages. The government has to pass hundreds of millions of financial subsidies every year to ensure the open operation of these villages collectively.
"We want to vigorously develop the village collective economy, introduce some market-oriented operations, and let professional people do professional things. At that time, we had the idea of a rural professional manager. The essence is to set up a subsidiary company for the village joint-stock economic cooperative. Find a general manager."
In July 2019, on the official website of the Yuhang District Party Committee and the District Government of Hangzhou City, the Yuhang District Agricultural and Rural Affairs Bureau recruited the first batch of rural professional managers to the whole country. The performance appraisal needs to be obtained by them in the village operation, and is formulated by the joint-stock economic cooperatives of each village.
The wages of the teams built by rural professional managers need to be obtained from the rural operation together with the team.
The first employment period is two years. If the contract expires, it is really necessary to renew the employment. After comprehensive evaluation, those who meet the conditions can be renewed.
The recruitment targets are young people who are willing to operate in the countryside and return to their hometown to start a business.
Zhang Bin said that in order to prevent "rural professional managers" from being used as village workers, the Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau of Yuhang District has set 4 rules for the villages of dignitaries: The first rule must be approved by everyone at the villagers' congress. Come to register and recruit people; Article 2: Regarding the development of the village, the two village committees (village branch, village committee) must have their own ideas, and the job responsibilities of each village regarding the rural professional managers must be clear; Article 3, must The resources in the village are packaged to the subsidiary companies of the joint-stock economic cooperative, and the company must set assessment objectives; Article 4, the village secretary must delegate power.
First batch and second batch
But the first attempt wasn't quite as good.
Zhang Bin recalled that there were only 4 village dignitaries in the first batch, and other villages were watching.
"There are only 4 villages, and the people are not full." Zhang Bin remembered that one village withdrew immediately because the number of applicants was only 2.
When recruiting for Jingshan Village, Jingshan Town, the two who ranked first and second in the written test and interview were poached by the company at the last moment before taking the job.
The village secretary was reluctant to follow through and also withdrew.
The remaining two villages recruited one each, Tang Wenming from Xiaocheng Village, Jingshan Town, and one from Xingang Village, Liangzhu Street. As a result, two or three months later, the rural professional manager of Xingang Village was poached by the company, and only Tang Wenming kept sticking to it. to today.
Xiaocheng Village is named after the small ancient city ruins, a national key cultural relics protection unit, located in the village.
In 2019, after being introduced to Xiaocheng Village, Tang Wenming led the team to build a rainbow slide, built Tiaoxi Camp, Ancient Elf Paradise and Village Tourist Service Center, etc., and introduced high-quality farming culture and tourism projects such as Sunshine Farm and Ente Camp. , to help villagers actively use idle assets to join the rural tourism industry, and create various projects for tourists to stay, experience and play.
"The village came to me to solve development problems. For me, this is not just a job, but also a responsibility." Tang Wenming hopes that in the next five years, Xiaocheng Village will become an integrated agricultural production and processing, eco-tourism, A comprehensive rural industrial entity integrating research and education, property management, and industrial incubation has become a model for rural revitalization in the demonstration area of organic integration of primary, secondary, and tertiary industries for common prosperity.
In 2020, the second batch of rural professional managers in Yuhang District recruited 8 people.
Liu Song from Yongan Village, Yuhang Street, Jiang Weijie from Jingshan Village, Jingshan Town, Yang Huanhuan from Qingshan Village, Huanghu Town, and Zheng Qiaofei from Shuangqiao Village, Yunhe Street, Linping District, are the second batch of rural professional managers. They have been serving the village collective economy for nearly two years.
Before applying for the rural professional manager, Liu Song was the general manager of a joint venture company of a large private group in Zhejiang Province, and also set up a supply chain company for agricultural products for a listed company.
Liu Song said that the past experience is all about serving the boss alone. "I think if there is an opportunity to serve a village, the meaning and value will be even greater, because the service is for the people of the entire village." Liu Song felt that the rural revitalization Operation is inseparable. If Yuhang's rural professional manager model can be achieved, it can be extended to the entire Chinese countryside.
In September 2020, during the work handover period, Zhang Shuibao asked Liu Song to participate in the preparations for the second Yongan Village Open Sickle Festival to be held in November.
Liu Song began to run on both sides of the original unit and Yongan Village.
After the festival, he came up with a 3-5 year development strategy plan for Yongan Village Daoxiang Town Company.
In this plan, in 2025, Yong'an Village will become a "National Rural Revitalization Model", and Daoxiang Town Company will achieve an annual main income of 100 million yuan.
This year, Yong'an Village has counted and added 28,474 square meters of industrial space to support the upgrading and upgrading of the entire rice industry chain. Liu Song said that these spaces will mainly be used to build a "Daoxiang Complex" (including an exhibition center, reception center, etc.). , Industrial Center), "Dao Shang Xuetang" (Rural Revitalization Training Institute), "Dao Dream Base" (research camp for primary and secondary school students) and "Mi Duoduo Home" (Internet celebrity rice experience factory, including rice processing, sightseeing, research, Training, inspection, warehousing, and testing are the four major spaces, and there are also several small spaces for expert studios, maker workshops, manual experience workshops, and online celebrity live broadcast rooms.
Today, Liu Song's team has expanded to 16 or 7 people, including sales, operations, product supply chain, project declaration, project management, project acceptance, event planning, etc.
Except for one of the re-employees who is the retired deputy secretary of the Yong'an Village Committee, the others are all young people in their 30s. One has a master's degree in management after studying abroad, and the other has a master's degree in agriculture from Nanjing Agricultural University.
After the introduction of professional managers and teams for professional operation, Yongan Village has increased its operating income from 1.2 million yuan in 2019 to 22.5 million yuan in 2021 in the past two years; the village collective operating income has increased from 730,000 yuan in 2019. By 2021, it will be 3.15 million yuan; the per capita income of villagers will increase from 42,322 yuan in 2019 to 56,920 yuan in 2021; the rice output value in the core block will increase from 2,000 yuan/mu to 6,000 yuan/mu.
run the village
When Yang Huanhuan settled in Qingshan Village, there were not many industries in the village, only Qingshan Nature School and Rong Design Library, and Yuhang Lushui Future Rural Development Co., Ltd. established under the Qingshan Village joint-stock cooperative is also the only one.
After about half a year of operation, a college student from the village returned to Qingshan Village and joined the company.
In the first half of this year, the company recruited a few more people, and a team of rural professional managers in Qingshan Village was finally established.
The team has three tasks: introducing business formats to revitalize the village's idle assets, including the villagers' idle houses; visitors and tourism, standardizing the village's homestays and farmhouses, and building serial lines for the unit group; and the creation of brand activities and market promotion.
Yang Huanhuan said that attracting investment not only includes the introduction of business formats and projects, but also allows the business format to be truly implemented in Qingshan Village, so that it can develop better here. The company must include rent negotiations, contract signing, and coordination with villagers. relationship and many other services.
Last year, Lushui had a turnover of 600,000 yuan, but the company had no profit.
However, Yang Huanhuan believes that although it has not made money yet, it is an achievement in itself to make the industry of the entire village operate effectively and live, and make the villagers' leisure become meaningful through a controllable cost.
Chen Guoqiang, Secretary of the Party Committee of Huanghu Town, Yuhang District, said that running a village is running a business, and it is even more complicated than running a business.
Chen Guoqiang believes that at this stage, the first thing that rural professional managers can do is to introduce projects, so that the business formats in the village can be better linked, so that the villagers of Qingshan Village can become rich and increase their income; the second thing is to make the entire Qingshan Village The brand value added, let the outside world hear the voice of Qingshan more.
Next, Qingshan Village will build an art village. Only a beautiful village can breed a real "beautiful economy".
Now Qingshan Village is clear and popular, the village has become more and more beautiful, and it has become a well-known Internet celebrity check-in place.
Shuangqiao Village, Canal Street, which is now part of Linping District, is a plain village. Now, the number of tourists has risen from one or two thousand in 2018 to 30,000. Especially in spring when the rapeseed flowers are in full bloom, there will be traffic jams in the village. .
Zheng Qiaofei, a rural professional manager in Shuangqiao Village, said, "My task is to run the village well", but she does not think that the operation of the village is ultimately based on scenic spots and tourism. At present, Shuangqiao has made it clear that it is from the village to the scenic spot to the industrial park. development path.
In Zheng Qiaofei's view, rural professional managers are both CEOs and product managers. On the one hand, they need to provide advice and suggestions for village development planning, plan the development path of characteristic industries, design village brands, attract industrial projects, and communicate with villagers to revitalize idle assets. On the other hand, it is also necessary to focus on product packaging and operation, actively introduce projects that are in line with the village's industrial development orientation, and plan and promote special activities.
Government and enterprise power and responsibility boundaries
For professional managers, the biggest difficulty is dealing with people.
"It is quite difficult to mobilize the villagers to participate together." Liu Song said, for example, when talking to the villagers about development plans and long-term plans, they are unlikely to listen.
We feel that the achievements of Yongan Village are already obvious. The business is getting bigger and bigger, the popularity is getting higher and higher, and the leaders are more and more concerned, but for farmers, they must see the things in front of them before they can take action, such as When tourists come to the door, they can react and do business.
"I actually attach great importance to the participation of farmers. If they are just spectators, the village will not develop. Even if it is operated through government support or our operation team works hard, it will not be considered a success. The main body of rural revitalization is the participation and sharing of farmers." .
Liu Song said that after more than two years of operation, the participation of villagers has become higher and higher.
Many villagers took the initiative to contact the company and set up farmers' handicraft shops, homestays, farmhouse hotels and experience workshops, and some villagers returned to their hometowns to start businesses.
More problems are still in the running-in of professional managers and village party secretaries.
Ji Ping, deputy secretary of the village committee of Shuangqiao Village, said, "In the past, we were both village cadres and professional managers, which was a 'dirty mess'. With professional managers, I obviously feel more professional and open-minded."
But there are also village party secretaries who said that the basics of the village have already been established, and the rural professional managers are here to add the icing on the cake. "He is not an innovative scientific researcher, he is an operator."
"To draw a clear line of power and responsibilities with the village cadres, the functions of our and the village cadres are synchronized rather than overlapping, and to obtain certain (use) human rights, property rights and financial rights, I think it is the most critical", Liu Song express.
At present, rural professional managers are doing well and some are not doing well. Liu Song thinks that there are two main problems. One is the support of village cadres. The basic conditions are not guaranteed, and it is difficult to achieve results.
The other is me. Some professional managers may have no experience in working in rural areas, so they are not used to the rhythm and methods of rural work, which also affects the performance of their performance.
In the view of Jiang Weijie, a professional manager in Jingshan Village, "From a functional perspective, a rural professional manager is a contradictory body. It is both a leader and a servant. It can be understood as external leadership and internal service. First of all, the mentality needs to be balanced. Find a balance point to confirm. Positioning yourself is particularly important.”
Zhang Bin believes that "rural areas are simple and simple, complex and complicated", and the Yuhang District Agriculture and Rural Bureau is exploring the boundaries of government and enterprise rights and responsibilities.
The companies under the village joint-stock economic cooperative are not managed according to the regulations of the collective economic organization, but are managed according to the company law and operate according to the system of modern enterprises.
"Rural collective funds, collective assets and collective resources should be packaged and placed in this company, and then it will be given performance appraisal standards and the approval authority for human rights, financial rights, and administrative powers, so that this company can do well."
career growth space
The second batch of rural professional managers is about to expire in two years. Zhang Bin said, "the contract will be renewed, Yuhang District's finance will continue to support it, and the recruitment of rural professional managers will continue."
Zhang Bin said that compared with the first batch of recruiters who were uninterested, rural professional managers have now become a favorite, attracting more and more young talents to apply for the exam.
For example, 8 people were recruited in the third batch in 2021, and a total of 400 to 500 people signed up; the recruitment examination in 2022 has not yet officially started, and more than 20 villages have put forward the demand for dignitaries.
Regarding the further improvement of the rural professional manager system, Zhang Bin said that he has been thinking about several questions: how to empower and retain talents?
How to give them a space to make a set of career plans for them?
Recently, Zhang Bin and Liu Song talked about the future development of the company under the village joint-stock cooperative.
He said that we can try to evaluate the investment of Yongan Village, convert it into shares, and let professional managers invest in the company. Professional managers are responsible to the board of directors, not the village committee.
Liu Song said, "This is equivalent to fully binding the company and professional managers. Then I must try my best to make the company well, and I am willing to do this experiment."
Zhang Bin also asked Liu Song to lead the establishment of the Yuhang District Rural Professional Managers Association. The District Agriculture and Rural Bureau plans to organize training for young people who are willing to pass the exam. Villages in need can serve as rural professional managers, and "in the future, they will gradually become a talent pool for rural professional managers, and supply and demand can work together."
Li Xiaoyun, executive vice president of the National Rural Revitalization Research Institute of China Agricultural University, believes that the rural professional manager system is an innovative model for rural revitalization and rural governance in developed areas in Zhejiang Province, and Yuhang District in Hangzhou is at the forefront of the country.
The employment of rural professional managers through finance is equivalent to assigning special “economic village officials” to the countryside, extending the function of rural governance to the development field.
Li Xiaoyun said that in fact, there have always been cadres going to the countryside and college students as village officials, but they are not specialized in doing business in the countryside.
The core value of rural professional managers is to ensure that farmers are the beneficiaries in the process of transforming rural resources into assets.
Li Xiaoyun believes that the most important thing for a competent rural professional manager is the ability of planning, planning and marketing, having a reasonable ability to judge marketization, and having necessary marketization resources and basic knowledge of modern enterprise operation.
"In the eyes of people on our side, rural professional managers are both rustic and trendy. The soil is to take root in the ground, to do local local industries, and to sell local specialties; the trendy is that the industry was very new at first, and now there are many People are paying attention, and a lot of resources have been linked, and the entire resources and platform are very large, so it has become more fashionable to come here by myself," Yang Huanhuan told reporters.
Beijing News reporter Liu Min