Premarital examination can avoid 90% of infectious diseases and family genetic diseases. Many places provide "one-stop" premarital examination services for free, but there are still people who are reluctant to accept——

  Why is the enthusiasm of young people not high for premarital examination?

  Our reporter Zhang Qiang 

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  After the premarital inspection was changed from compulsory to voluntary, the inspection rate dropped significantly.

In recent years, with the adjustment of relevant policies and the intensification of publicity, the rate of premarital examination has increased, but many people still think that it is "unnecessary" and "will reveal privacy".

As everyone knows, the premarital examination is not only responsible for the health of oneself and the spouse, and guarantees the right of both parties to know, it is also of great significance to the married life and eugenics.

  August 4th is the seventh day of the seventh lunar month, which is also the "Qixi" festival. Many couples choose to register their marriage on this day.

In the marriage registration hall of the Civil Affairs Bureau of Shinan District, Qingdao, Shandong Province, there is an endless stream of people who come to collect the certificate.

At the same time, the "one-stop premarital examination service center", which is separated by a wall from the district marriage registration office, has also ushered in a rare bustle in the year.

  Zheng Jing, head of the reproductive health department of the Maternal and Child Health and Family Planning Service Center in Licang District, Qingdao, is the head of the "one-stop premarital examination service center".

She told the "Worker Daily" reporter that after going to work every day, the most important task for her and the staff in the department is to guide the "newcomers" to conduct pre-marital examinations.

"Many people came to register today, and our 'hu-cutting' rate is higher than usual, reaching 80%. More than 30 couples have been examined, and the results are remarkable," she said half-jokingly.

  Premarital examination, commonly known as premarital examination.

Statistics from the Qingdao Maternal and Child Health Hospital show that before 2003, the city's premarital examination rate was 100%. In October 2003, after the mandatory premarital examination policy was abolished, the data once dropped to 2.7%.

  "In recent years, with the adjustment of relevant policies and the intensification of publicity, the rate of premarital examinations among Qingdao citizens has gradually increased. However, many people still think that it is 'unnecessary', 'will leak privacy', etc.", Qingdao Maternal and Child Health and Family Planning Service Center Yuan Li, director of the Women's Group Health Care Department, said in an interview with the "Worker Daily" reporter that it is necessary for "new people" to check before registering for marriage, which can avoid 90% of infectious diseases and family genetic diseases. significant.

  Multiple reasons lead young people not to pay attention to premarital examination

  Talking about the reasons why many "newcomers" are reluctant to have pre-marital examinations, Zheng Jing said that some young people are not aware of their health and think they are healthy, and they participate in unit physical examinations every year, so there is no need to conduct pre-marital examinations. "In addition, some are worried about revealing their privacy. Some people know that they have infectious diseases and family genetic diseases, but they are afraid that medical staff and their spouses will know, refusing premarital examinations, and compromising their spouses’ right to know.”

  Zheng Jing said that at work, she often encounters "new couples" who refuse premarital examinations on the grounds of mutual trust. Some people also say that they have been living together before marriage and know each other's physical conditions very well, so they do not need premarital examinations.

  Yuan Lili, a doctor at the Huangdao Maternal and Child Health Hospital in the West Coast New District of Qingdao, told reporters that routine physical examinations are different from premarital examinations. The former is to understand physical conditions, while the latter is more inclined to check for infectious diseases and hereditary diseases.

  "Many infectious diseases can now be found through pre-marital examinations, such as hepatitis, latent syphilis, AIDS, etc. in infectious diseases. Some infectious diseases can be cured through prevention and treatment, but if they are not detected in time, they will not only threaten themselves and The health of the partner may also threaten the health of the next generation through maternal transmission." Yuan Lili said.

  Regarding privacy concerns, Yuan Lili said that protecting the privacy of the parties is the basic practice of doctors. At the same time, during the premarital examination, doctors will teach prospective couples about eugenics and other aspects, help them formulate fertility plans, and better ensure the health of both spouses and the next generation. .

  Only 4 out of 10 pairs conduct self-marital examinations

  Yuan Lili still remembers that in the early 1990s, a newlywed couple she participated in the premarital examination was found to have syphilis, but neither of them knew about it at the time.

"This virus has an incubation period and is asymptomatic. It can be transmitted not only through sexual contact, but also through maternal transmission, and the probability of transmission to the next generation is very high."

  "After the results of the premarital examination came out, both of them were completely cured through timely medical treatment, avoiding the possibility of mother-to-child infection." Yuan Lili said that the items and quality of the premarital examination at that time could not be compared with the present, but the 100% coverage rate did play a very important role The role of "taking the pulse" before marriage.

  In October 2003, the new version of the "Regulations on the Administration of Marriage Registration" came into effect, and the premarital examination was changed from compulsory to voluntary. The basic premarital examination fee was about 200 yuan per person.

"Without policy constraints, the rate of newly-married registration and pre-marital examination has dropped sharply." Yuan Lili told reporters that local maternal and child health care systems use mobilization and publicity as an important means to promote pre-marital examination, but the effect is not obvious.

"In fact, many young people understand the need for premarital examinations, but very few take the initiative to take premarital examinations."

  Recently, in the Civil Affairs Hall, the reporter randomly interviewed 10 couples of "new couples" who came to register for marriage. Only 4 couples took the premarital examination on their own. Among them, 2 couples made a temporary decision on premarital examination under the persuasion of the staff, and 4 couples of "new couples" said that "no need".

  Raise the rate of premarital examination by implementing measures such as premarital examination leave

  "In order to increase the rate of premarital examinations, in 2005, Qingdao began to implement the policy of free premarital examinations, but the data of premarital examinations during this period was only maintained at 20% to 30%." Yuan Li told reporters that in recent years, after the municipal health and health commission and the civil affairs department Through various publicity efforts, the premarital inspection rate in Qingdao has increased to 80%, but there is still a big gap between the goal of "full coverage".

  It is understood that in recent years, Heilongjiang, Henan, Shaanxi and other provinces have increased the rate of premarital examinations by extending marriage leave after implementing premarital examinations.

Beijing Haidian District has set up pre-marital inspection extension service points in eligible residential areas, and many cities have purchased mobile pre-marital inspection vehicles and parked them at the Civil Affairs Bureau for on-site pre-marital inspections for "newcomers" who come to register.

  In 2020, the National Health Commission and other departments jointly issued the "Notice on Strengthening Premarital Health Care", requiring the improvement of policies and measures to promote the in-depth development of premarital health care and the prevention and control of birth defects and achieve practical results.

In the same year, the Qingdao Municipal Health and Health Commission and the Civil Affairs Bureau issued the "Notice on Carrying out Maternal and Child Health Education Work at the Marriage Registration Office", requiring all districts and cities to carry out maternal and child health education at the marriage registration office, and to set up pre-marital inspections and pre-pregnancy education at the marriage registration office. One-stop extension service points for eugenic inspection, and by adding free premarital inspection items, providing holiday and lunch appointment services, improving the quality of premarital inspections, and optimizing premarital inspection procedures, etc., the rate of premarital inspections has been increased.

  This year, Qingdao also invested 14 million yuan in financial funds to provide free screening services for spinal muscular atrophy genes for newlyweds in the city.

  Yuan Li believes that in order to solve the problem of low premarital examination rate, multiple departments should work together to encourage newlyweds to participate in premarital examinations by implementing premarital examination leave and shortening the premarital examination process.

At the same time, we should also widely publicize and popularize the knowledge of premarital examination, increase the content of warning education, strengthen the society's cognition of the importance of premarital examination, and guide people to conduct premarital examination voluntarily.