China News Service, Beijing, July 16th. Starting today, the "dog days" of the 40-day "ultra-long standby version" officially began, and the hottest period of the year has come.
Recently, extreme high temperatures have occurred in many places in our country, and some people have even died of heat stroke. So, what exactly is heat stroke?
Who are most prone to heat stroke?
How scary is heat stroke?
Data map: On July 12, in Nanning, Guangxi, citizens "covered up" for a ride.
On the same day, the Nanning Meteorological Observatory continued to issue a high temperature yellow warning signal.
Photo by China News Agency reporter Chen Guanyan
Heat stroke is a very common type of emergency in summer, which is directly related to the weather and is more likely to occur when the weather is hot and/or the air humidity is high.
Liu Jihai, deputy director of the Emergency Department of Peking Union Medical College Hospital, said that the human body itself has a certain ability to self-regulate, but if you stay in such a high temperature and high humidity environment for a long time, heatstroke may occur, especially the elderly, children, and pregnant women. The weaker special groups are more likely to suffer from heat stroke when they encounter hot weather.
Liu Jihai said that according to the severity, heatstroke can be divided into threatened heatstroke and heatstroke, and heatstroke can be divided into heat cramps, heat exhaustion and heat stroke according to different clinical manifestations.
For the body, this is a continuous process of development. If the initial mild discomfort can be detected and dealt with in time, it will not develop to the most serious situation.
Symptoms such as fatigue and dizziness often occur in people with threatened heatstroke. At this time, if you can transfer from a high temperature and high humidity environment to a relatively cool environment in time, and pay attention to hydration, these symptoms can be completely relieved, and there is no need to worry.
However, if it is not detected and treated in time, it may develop into heat stroke.
Cramps are what people call cramps. Human sweat contains a lot of water and electrolytes such as sodium, potassium, and calcium. If you sweat a lot in a high temperature and high humidity environment, it will cause a lot of water and electrolyte loss, causing muscle cramps in the body.
In addition to feeling dizzy and fatigued, the most prominent manifestation of heat cramps is profuse sweating accompanied by muscle cramps, especially in the leg muscles, especially the calf muscles.
Many athletes are prone to leg cramps when competing in a high temperature and high humidity environment, which is the performance of heat cramps.
Experts remind that when heat cramps occur, the key is to let the heat cramps quickly transfer to a relatively cool environment to rest, and at the same time replenish water and electrolytes, also known as mineral water, so that the symptoms of heat cramps can be effectively relieved.
Then, if the above symptoms are not treated in time, the patient may enter the stage of heat exhaustion.
The most prominent manifestation of this stage is the drop in blood pressure. The continuous loss of body water and electrolytes will cause the blood pressure to drop, and the patient's general condition will become worse, but the patient's mind is still basically awake at this time.
During heat exhaustion, the patient's ability to regulate their own body temperature decreases. At this time, the patient is often accompanied by moderate to high fever, and the body temperature reaches 38°C to 39°C. The previous symptoms of dizziness, fatigue, and even cramps may also exist at the same time.
For heat exhaustion, oral rehydration alone may not achieve sufficient effect. In this case, it is necessary to go to the hospital to cooperate with intravenous infusion to rehydrate and replenish electrolytes and other therapeutic measures, and at the same time, effectively reduce the temperature.
If he has not been intervened and treated in time, as his body temperature rises further, it will often exceed 40°C. At this time, the patient will experience mental disturbance or coma, and then develop into the most serious type of heatstroke manifestations—heat stroke. Shot disease.
Liu Jihai introduced that according to existing statistics, the mortality rate of heat stroke is about 60% to 70%.
Because heat stroke patients are hyperthermic, in the most severe cases, there will be brain cell damage, which will affect the central nervous system, which may cause a series of serious sequelae.
Liu Jihai said that the primary treatment for heat stroke is to reduce the temperature. It is necessary to control the patient's body temperature within an acceptable range to reduce the continuous damage to the body caused by high temperature. At the same time, it is necessary to cooperate with other treatment methods to protect the patient's organs as much as possible. Function.
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