The cholera epidemic in my country has been in a stable state
Cholera outbreak unlikely
Recently, a case of cholera was reported in Wuhan. According to official reports, the patient has been effectively diagnosed and treated, and his condition has been controlled and his symptoms have disappeared.
Cholera is an acute diarrheal infectious disease caused by Vibrio cholerae contamination of ingested food or water. The peak incidence is in summer.
Cholera is classified as a Class A infectious disease in my country due to its acute onset, severe disease, rapid infection and wide spread.
How is cholera contagious?
How to avoid getting infected?
Summer is coming, how to avoid acute diarrhea?
In response to the concerns of the public, a reporter from Beijing Youth Daily sorted out cholera-related content, and interviewed Dr. Xu Yanyan from Jishuitan Hospital, reminding the general public to pay attention.
It is understood that cholera is a contagious acute diarrheal disease caused by Vibrio cholerae, generally through drinking or eating unsterilized water or food infected by Vibrio cholerae, as well as contact with cholera patients and carriers It is spread through fecal-contaminated hands and objects.
The peak incidence of cholera is in summer. The clinical symptoms are mainly diarrhea and severe vomiting, a large amount of swill-like excretion, water and electrolyte disturbances, and peripheral circulatory failure. Severe shock may be complicated by acute renal failure.
The incubation period is usually 1 to 3 days, and if left untreated, the patient can die from diarrhea and dehydration within hours.
Where is the spread of cholera likely to occur?
Xu Yanyan, the chief physician of the Department of Infectious Diseases of Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, said that it is generally easy to occur in places with poor sanitation environment, and it is mainly caused by not paying attention to food hygiene.
At present, with the continuous improvement of my country's sanitary environment, the progress of health work, and the continuous monitoring of various infectious diseases by the health department, citizens do not need to worry too much, and the possibility of a large-scale outbreak of cholera is unlikely.
"However, if citizens have diarrhea symptoms, it is recommended to go to the hospital in time, and the hospital will conduct relevant investigations and give professional treatment."
For more than a decade, the cholera epidemic in my country has been in a stable state. According to the data previously released by the National Health Commission, in 2021, 5 cases of cholera with no deaths will be reported nationwide; in 2020, 11 cases of cholera will be reported nationwide, with no deaths. case.
How do I find out I have cholera?
According to the prompt information issued by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, if you have diarrhea symptoms, especially severe painless watery diarrhea, you should go to the hospital immediately and do a culture test for Vibrio cholerae.
People who ate with or came into close contact with someone infected with cholera should also have stool or anal swabs taken to determine if they are infected.
If you have diarrhea in a cholera-infected area or have been to a cholera-infected area recently, you should go to the hospital in time and leave your feces for cholera bacteriological examination.
hint
How to prevent infectious diarrhea in summer?
In summer, the rainfall in Beijing gradually increases, and the high temperature and high humidity environment is also very likely to cause intestinal infectious diseases and food-borne diseases.
Xu Yanyan said that infectious diarrhea refers to diarrhea caused by intestinal infection of pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, parasites or fungi.
The main route of transmission is that the disease enters from the mouth, that is, fecal-oral transmission.
The disease is common in summer and autumn, and its occurrence is mostly related to improper diet. Most patients have abdominal pain and diarrhea. In severe cases, fever, dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and even life-threatening.
What should I do if I have infectious diarrhea?
Xu Yanyan suggested that the cause should be removed first, rest in bed, and stop all diets and drugs that irritate the stomach.
Short-term fasting as appropriate, and a liquid diet that is easy to digest, light, and low in residue is beneficial to the rest of the stomach and the healing of the injury.
Due to excessive water loss due to vomiting and diarrhea, the patient should drink as much water as possible to supplement the lost water, preferably sugar and saline.
Do not drink sugary beverages, so as to avoid excessive acid production and aggravate abdominal pain.
In addition, be sure to go to the hospital infectious disease department for regular treatment as soon as possible.
In terms of preventing infectious diarrhea, Xu Yanyan also reminded the general public to pay attention to rest, avoid cold and fatigue, prevent colds and fever, have a balanced diet, reasonable nutrition, and improve immunity.
Pay attention to drinking water hygiene, and use it after boiling the drinking water.
Pay attention to dietary hygiene, cooked food to avoid cross-contamination; leftovers should be stored in a timely manner, and should not be stored in the refrigerator for too long; eat less food that is easy to carry germs, such as snails, etc.; try to eat cooked food and minimize the intake of cold food quantity.
Pay attention to hand hygiene, keep washing hands frequently, and develop the habit of washing hands before meals and after toilet.
In addition, it is recommended to reduce contact with patients with diarrhea, and do not mix eating utensils.
This group of articles / reporter Jiang Ruojing