New drugs with strong camouflage are difficult to identify for teenagers
Experts suggest strengthening new drug monitoring and early warning to improve prevention and education methods
□ Zhang Shoukun, a trainee reporter of this newspaper
□ Our reporter Han Dandong
Not long ago, the Ninghe Branch of the Tianjin Public Security Bureau obtained a clue of drug trafficking in the work: some people from other provinces and cities sold essence and cannabis drugs to Ninghe District by express mail.
After investigation, the criminals sold and mailed morphine sulfate sustained-release tablets, a new state-controlled psychoactive drug, after being recognized by social software.
In the end, the police seized and detained the batch of morphine sulfate sustained-release tablets on the spot at a courier outlet in Ninghe District, and took criminal compulsory measures against the suspect in accordance with the law.
In recent years, new types of drugs have emerged in an endless stream, ranging from various essences to "e-cigarettes" and "smart drugs", to "fairy water" and "chocolate", which are extremely concealed, confusing and harmful.
A number of industry insiders recently said in an interview with a reporter from the "Rules of Law Daily" that teenagers are the main harm group of new drugs, and the addiction and harm of new drugs are no less than that of traditional mainstream drugs. It is not uncommon to cause accidents and accidents due to abuse. Strengthen the monitoring and early warning of new drugs, early identification, early detection, and early control, and at the same time strengthen publicity and education to establish a solid line of defense against all kinds of new drugs.
Variety of new drugs
Very covert and deceptive
What are new drugs and what are the dangers?
Zhang Li, director of the Anti-drug Teaching and Research Office of the Investigation College of the People's Public Security University of China, said that new drugs are a commonly used formulation in drug prevention education and law popularization, referring to new drugs that appear in a period of time.
As far as the current drug market in my country is concerned, new drugs are mainly divided into three categories: one is new types of drugs, such as synthetic cannabinoids, fluoramine, etc.; the other is new packaging and camouflage forms, mostly a variety of Mixtures of drugs, such as "happy water", "rainbow smoke", etc.; there is also a class of drugs that have been regulated but the latest popular, such as "smart drugs", "diet drugs" and so on.
“These various new drugs have three things in common: they tend to become popular when mainstream drugs are strictly controlled, mainstream drugs are priced high because of supply constraints, and some drug users seek new drugs to replace; new packaging or disguised forms are often used. , It is difficult to identify in appearance, and it is not easy to carry out targeted prevention publicity and education; mainly exciting and hallucinogenic, addictive and harmful are no less than traditional mainstream drugs, and some mixed new drugs are even more harmful. It is not uncommon for misuse to cause accidents and accidents," Zhang Li said.
In the opinion of Li Wenjun, a professor at the People's Public Security University of China, compared with ordinary drugs, new drugs are still drugs in essence, and are strictly controlled addictive substances despite their hidden and deceptive appearance.
However, compared with general drugs, new types of drugs have many new features: diverse types and fast updating; the harm is not easy to detect, and long-term abuse is harmful to human health; the target group is more specific.
On June 22, the People's Procuratorate of Jiading District, Shanghai announced the handling of new drug crimes of synthetic cannabinoids: Among the 10 new drug crimes of synthetic cannabinoids handled by the hospital, people under the age of 30 accounted for more than 90% ; Bars, nightclubs, KTV and other entertainment places where young people gather can easily become crime distribution centers.
"New drugs are highly disguised, and it is difficult to identify them from their appearance and names. Some new drugs are also called 'herbal stimulants' and 'legal drugs', which are more attractive and deceptive to minors. In practice The number of new drug cases seized is relatively low, the exposure rate and warning effect are not as good as mainstream drugs, and the awareness level of minors on new drugs is relatively low, and they are more vulnerable to new drugs.” Zhang Li said.
Relying on the Internet to sell and spread
Regulatory crackdown is difficult
Yan Junhan, deputy leader of the Sixth Brigade of the Criminal Investigation Detachment of Ninghe Branch, introduced to reporters that in recent years, due to the soaring market prices of traditional drugs, some drug addicts could not afford huge consumption, so they purchased psychotropic drugs and new drugs to replace traditional drugs. And derived the network drug trafficking model of drug trading activities through the Internet.
Yan Junhan said that the transaction mode is usually that drug traffickers and drug addicts communicate, purchase and trade through online platforms first, and then deliver drugs by express delivery, forming an "online contact purchase + online payment platform + express logistics and transportation". " of drug trafficking.
The characteristics of "contactless" trafficking of new drugs have brought new problems to drug control.
"New drug sellers use Internet new technologies and new formats to directly complete distribution, which greatly reduces the transit links of trafficking. The cycle is short and the cost is low, and the risk of being attacked by the police is also reduced. Both sides of the transaction often use virtual identities, virtual currencies, false Sending the sender's name and address to cover up the real identity poses a great challenge to the current real-name system control." Zhang Li said.
Li Wenjun said that due to the impact of epidemic prevention and control, in order to reduce the risk of being seized, criminals have begun to adopt more non-contact drug trafficking methods of "Internet + logistics delivery". Home, and then settle with a third-party payment platform or virtual currency, game currency, etc., and then transport it to the buyer by the seller through logistics delivery, intra-city flash delivery, or even takeaway. The whole process is invisible and highly concealed. .
Li Wenjun revealed that in addition to logistics delivery, criminals will also use the method of "burying landmines" for transactions, that is, after the drug buyers and sellers complete the delivery of drug funds, the sellers will transport the drugs to designated hidden places, such as flowers, public toilets, etc., and then Then notify the buyer to pick up the goods.
"In general, the transportation and trading of new drugs tend to be concealed, networked, and virtualized, which brings challenges to management and control. Due to the separation of people and goods for new drugs, they are highly dependent on third-party network platforms, and relevant evidence is in electronic form. Fragmentation and fragmentation have also greatly increased the difficulty of law enforcement agencies in obtaining evidence." Li Wenjun said.
Monitoring and early warning
Strengthen mission and build a fortified line of defense
In order to crack down on the rectification of new drug crimes, all localities have taken active actions.
The anti-narcotics department of Tianjin Ninghe Public Security Bureau aimed at the wind vane of the new drug trade, and solidly promoted the "Hurricane No. 5" special operation of the Municipal Bureau. In the first half of this year, 5 drug trafficking cases were continuously detected, 6 criminal suspects were arrested, and the drug methadone hydrochloride oral liquid 1400 was seized. Yu Ke, more than 200 pieces of state-controlled narcotics.
In response to the hidden dangers in the express mail industry exposed by the new drug cases, the Shanghai Jiading District Procuratorate actively implemented the "No. 7 Procuratorial Suggestion", visited express mail units many times, and discussed joint law enforcement, whole-chain management and control, detailed supervision and compaction of enterprises. In terms of main responsibility, strengthen communication and exchanges, promote the formation of the "Opinions on Establishing a Linkage Mechanism for Postal Supervision and Procuratorial Supervision", and jointly promote the healthy and orderly development of the regional express logistics industry.
Zhang Li suggested that the monitoring and early warning of new drugs should be strengthened.
Many new drugs were substitutes for mainstream drugs when they first appeared. The supply of raw materials, production technology, and market demand were limited, the degree of criminal organization was not high, and the difficulty of combating and preventing and controlling was relatively low.
Through scientific and effective monitoring and early warning, early identification, early detection and early control of new drugs can be achieved.
"We should also improve the prevention and education methods for new drugs. There are many kinds of new drugs with different appearances and packaging. Compared with popular science-style publicity and education, we should organically combine drug prevention and social safety education to help young people correctly identify And deal with all kinds of high-risk drug-related situations, establish a solid line of defense against all kinds of new drugs." Zhang Li said.
In Li Wenjun's view, the first step is to strengthen drug monitoring and evaluation. Scientific and accurate drug monitoring can assist public security departments to grasp changes in drug status, make correct drug control decisions, and effectively improve the ability to detect drug crimes; the second is to promote the construction of intelligent drug control, with artificial Cutting-edge technologies such as intelligence, Internet of Things, big data and other cutting-edge technologies are highly integrated, real-time monitoring, and dynamic management of the entire anti-drug management model. The last step is to strengthen cultural anti-drug construction, innovatively integrate traditional culture with anti-drug work, and improve the level of anti-drug propaganda and education. , to create a strong consensus on anti-drug and anti-drug in the whole society, and build a strong barrier for anti-drug and anti-drug.