How to increase and improve the quality of postgraduate education ranking second in the world
On June 14, the Ministry of Education held a press conference focusing on postgraduate education.
At the beginning of the meeting, a short video was played.
The short film pointed out that the scale of postgraduate education in my country has ranked second in the world.
Hong Dayong, director of the Department of Degree Management and Graduate Education of the Ministry of Education, revealed that over the past 10 years, more than 800 graduate training units across the country have sent more than 600,000 doctors and more than 6.5 million masters to the main battlefield of economic and social development, contributing to the cause of the party and the country. Development provides strong talent support.
The scale is expanding, has the quality kept up?
Hong Dayong said frankly that the expansion of postgraduate education has and will continue to pose more and more severe challenges to the quality of education.
Over the past decade, the Ministry of Education has taken a series of measures to ensure a steady improvement in the quality of training.
There are 3 key words: "big quality concept", "whole process supervision" and "endogenous quality culture".
The "big quality view" emphasizes a comprehensive inspection of the quality of postgraduate education.
One of them is the special emphasis on implementing the main responsibility of the school for educating people.
If a school or a training unit does not focus on talent training and does not concentrate resources on talent training, it will be difficult to fundamentally guarantee the quality of graduate training.
For another example, always emphasize the need to serve the needs of economic and social development, and optimize and adjust the layout of disciplines.
From 2014 to 2021, 103 degree authorization points will be revoked, and 196 degree authorization points will be rectified within a time limit.
"Whole-process supervision" refers to the system design of the whole process and coverage from the formulation of enrollment plans, enrollment, personnel training, degree awarding to post-event supervision.
Hong Dayong emphasized: "When formulating the enrollment plan, we are not blindly and universally expanding the scale, but serving the needs of national development and expanding the scale of enrollment in a targeted and differentiated manner."
"Endogenous quality culture", emphasizing the inner self-discipline of schools, tutors and students.
At the level of training units, the main responsibility of the school should be effectively compacted; at the level of teachers, they are encouraged to devote themselves to teaching and educating people, especially to be "big gentlemen" who cultivate high-level talents; at the level of students, strengthen the education of study style and academic morality, Let students achieve an organic combination of awe, the ambition to serve the country and the ability to specialize.
First-class doctoral education reflects the high level of talent training in first-class universities.
Yang Bin, vice-president of Tsinghua University, shared Tsinghua University's approach to cultivating academic degree and doctoral students at the press conference.
In order to ensure the quality of enrollment, the school standardized the implementation of the "application-review" system, and selected batches of outstanding students.
"Nowadays, academic doctoral students are not admitted, but are assessed, which reflects the multi-dimensional selection system, and the overall quality of students is constantly improving." Yang Bin said.
In order to ensure the quality of tutors' guidance, since 2016, Tsinghua University has held a training class for doctoral tutors every year to help new doctoral tutors improve their tutoring abilities.
In order to ensure the quality of the degree, the school has also increased the quality supervision and sampling of the dissertation.
Work hard on evaluation.
In order to encourage doctoral students to dare to challenge cutting-edge and interdisciplinary topics and strive for more original results, Tsinghua University has deepened the evaluation reform and eliminated the tendency of only papers.
The school has also set up a special fund to support doctoral students to carry out exchanges and cooperation with world-class universities. At present, more than 60% of doctoral graduates have overseas study experience.
Yang Wei, president of the China Association of Academic Degrees and Graduate Education, pointed out that the expansion of my country's postgraduate education was accomplished under the premise of attaching importance to quality.
“We prudently control the growth in the number of graduate students, and the annual growth rate of degree granting from 2010 to 2021 has dropped by more than 10 percentage points from the previous 30-year growth rate; we have promoted quality control, and the review of degrees has gradually shifted from mentors who reflect the relationship between mentors and apprentices. From the licensing system to the licensing system for the tutor group including multiple graduate tutors, to the subject licensing system with blind review links embedded; the per capita academic output of each degree-granting degree is gradually rising.” He suggested that in the future, we can also take measures to strengthen the supervision of schools. , the honor construction of the subject brand, strengthen the individualized training of students and other measures to further improve the quality.
(Science and Technology Daily, Beijing, June 14th)