Which low-carbon industries are facing the wind under the "double carbon" goal? Bamboo industry has gradually become the "main force" of carbon sequestration, and forest health care has created trillions of output value
Controlling carbon emissions has become a global consensus and an urgent move.
In 2020, my country made a solemn commitment to strive to peak carbon dioxide emissions by 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality by 2060.
In June last year, the national carbon trading market was officially opened, which marked the advent of the era of low-carbon finance.
Today, green has increasingly become the distinctive background of Guangdong's development. We will firmly implement the concept of "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets", deepen the systematic governance of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grasses and sands, and steadily promote the work of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.
With limited land resources, how can we generate more carbon sinks?
Which industries are coming to the "wind"?
How does the opening of carbon trading turn ecological benefits into economic benefits?
All media reporters from Guangzhou Daily interviewed relevant experts.
Text, Photos/Wu Wei, All Media Reporter of Guangzhou Daily
Bamboo industry welcomes the "wind"
Expand to trillion scale by 2035
Nowadays, the bamboo industry is becoming a key low-carbon industry in many regions.
The characteristics of bamboo are not only carbon sequestration, but also "negative carbon": according to reports, the actual carbon sequestration of 1 ton of bamboo material can reach 1.28 tons, and bamboo can be grown into wood in 3 years, and Hsinchu can be generated after felling. Under this condition, the carbon sequestration effect of bamboo can continue.
At present, the development of bamboo industry has become a common practice in Zhejiang, Sichuan, Hunan and other provinces. In Guangdong, related new bamboo industries have been put into operation in Yingde, Chaozhou, Shaoguan and other places.
Hou Biqing, an expert of the Guangdong Ecological Restoration Association, a professor-level senior engineer of the Zhonglin (Guangzhou) Academy of Sciences, and a doctor of ecology told reporters: "We expect that after 6 years of cultivation, the modern bamboo industry will be implemented in 10 bamboo-producing provinces in my country. It will drive a total investment of 68 billion yuan, a total output value of 180 billion yuan, profits and taxes of 36 billion yuan, employment of 115,000 people, and an increase of 38 billion yuan for bamboo farmers. "
Hou Biqing introduced that over the years, experts from Sun Yat-sen University, International Bamboo and Rattan Center, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Hunan University of Technology and other scientific research institutes have developed many new directions for the bamboo industry, including using bamboo instead of plastic, carbonized bamboo weaving and aldehyde-free gelling compound New building materials, composite bamboo leaching and bamboo carbon soil conditioner, bamboo leaching and bamboo scraps feed, new bamboo carbon graphene materials, etc. These new bamboo industries have good application scenarios and will also bring high economic benefits.
At present, the development of new bamboo industry in Zhaoqing City and Qingyuan City in Guangdong Province has obvious advantages.
"Bamboo is widely used, and our governments at all levels are also actively developing the bamboo industry and taking various measures to help open up sales for downstream bamboo products," Hou Biqing said.
"I think the bamboo industry is the industry with the lowest cost so far, negative carbon sequestration throughout its life cycle, large-scale replication, and rapid development." Hou Biqing told reporters, "According to calculations, the world needs to rotate 1.9 billion tons of bamboo every year (my country If these bamboos can be fully utilized, it can generate about 7 trillion yuan in output value (2.1 trillion yuan in my country) and carbon sink income of 260 billion US dollars (83.2 billion yuan in China).”
Zhou Wei, deputy secretary-general of the Forestry Economics and Carbon Sequestration Professional Committee of the Guangdong Forestry Society and deputy director of the Department of Agriculture and Forestry Economics, School of Economics and Management, South China Agricultural University, told reporters: "Bamboo has a strong carbon sequestration ability and a fast growth cycle. In the bamboo industry As far as I know, Guangdong is also very rich in bamboo resources, especially in Zhaoqing and Qingyuan areas, the area of bamboo forests is very large, but the current development and utilization are indeed relatively small. To develop the bamboo industry, we must continue to Extending its back-end industrial chain and carrying out deep processing of bamboo can prevent the carbon fixed by bamboo from returning to the air again. For example, turning bamboo or wood into building materials and reducing the use of reinforced concrete is also a good way to promote low carbon. "
"The problem now is that there are too many bamboos, and most of them have not been used." Zhang Wei, head of the Forestry Carbon Sequestration and National Reserve Branch of the Zhonglin (Guangzhou) Academy of Sciences, told reporters: "Bamboo must be felled in rotation. Bamboo will die in about 9 years, and most of the carbon dioxide absorbed by bamboo will return to the air. my country has 120 million mu of bamboo forests, vigorously develop bamboo industry, and make bamboo into various useful bamboo products. Good direction for carbon' goals."
The fire-proof forest belt can generate electricity with the breeze
Integrated development of clean energy and carbon sinks
Today, on the fire-proof forest belt between the national reserve forests, wind turbines that rotate like tops are also providing more and more clean energy to the country.
This new type of fan has smaller blades and is suitable for large-scale, high-density laying.
Zhang Wei introduced that this kind of wind turbine only needs 0.5-level wind to start, and the 3-level wind can generate electricity at full load, and is not affected by the wind direction. kWh~10.5316 million kWh, the service life of a wind turbine can reach 50 years. According to the current grid-connected electricity fee, the cost of wind power can be recovered after 5 years. In the next 45 years, it can continuously deliver clean energy to my country, and reserve The large-diameter timber directly produced by forest construction not only meets the needs of national timber security, but also generates carbon sequestration and oxygen release benefits, which will also bring new income through carbon trading in the future.
At present, in Zhaoqing, Shaoguan and other places in Guangdong, related projects have been launched one after another, and it is expected to bring hundreds of millions of income to the local area every year.
Zhang Wei told reporters that the integrated development of national reserve forests and clean energy is a deep integration of primary and secondary industries. "When we planted national reserve forests, in order to avoid heavy losses caused by wildfires, we used to set certain widths at intervals in the past. The biological fire-proof forest belt is only used to isolate the mountain fire; now, on the fire-proof forest belt of the national reserve forest, my country is carrying out the pilot project of the wind-solar hybrid model of the new soft wind turbine and photovoltaic generator. A way of integrating the development of a national reserve forest biological fire protection belt with clean energy will become more and more popular."
"Now the country pays special attention to ecological industrialization and industrial ecologicalization. In the past, keeping clear waters and green mountains can only produce direct ecological benefits, it is difficult to accurately improve the quality of forests, and the value realization mechanism of ecological products cannot be fully realized; now with the advent of carbon trading , While protecting, cultivating and developing forest resources, we also use forests to generate huge economic and social benefits, which can attract more market players to protect and develop the ecology, and truly embodies that 'lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets' The concept of “mountain”.” Hou Biqing told reporters that the fundamental of rural revitalization lies in industrial revitalization, and the development of clean energy industry is not only a construction requirement of the “dual carbon” goal, but also an inevitable choice for rural revitalization.
Zhou Wei has just returned from the research in Conghua. He told reporters that they are currently researching and designing a set of market mechanisms for the realization of the local ecological value in Conghua, "The realization of ecological value is a big issue. Therefore, the economic benefits are obtained, and we are still doing more comprehensive research.”
Forest health care drives trillions of output value
Guangdong's forest coverage rate reaches 58.74%
Hou Biqing introduced to reporters that forest health care has now become a new form of business that integrates forestry and health care.
At present, forest health care is developing very well in Zhejiang Lishui, Sichuan Hongya, Fujian Sanming, Guizhou Fenggang, Hainan and other provinces and cities.
The development of forest health care is based on forests, with ecology as the background, and with forest farmers' characteristic resources as the industry. While protecting the ecological environment, it will also expand the regional carbon sink storage, especially the construction of health care forests.
The reporter learned that according to the statistics of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration in 2021, the national forest health care will receive nearly 500 million person-times, and the output value of forest health care will exceed one trillion yuan.
Zhang Wei said that the development of forest health care industry in Guangdong Province is not far behind and is catching up, and the construction of national and provincial forest health care bases is accelerating.
Zhou Wei told reporters: "The concept of forest health care has been proposed in our country for many years. We also brought students to the Shihuamen Forest Park Forest Farm to investigate the local forest health care. The essence is to protect the forest and then develop various The tertiary industry. Another important direction for forest health care is the under-forest economy, using the three-dimensional space between the forest lands to combine with various planting, breeding, and service industries.”
Chen Junguang, secretary of the party group and director of the Guangdong Forestry Bureau, said that at present, the province's forest area has reached 163 million mu, the forest coverage rate has reached 58.74%, and the forest volume has reached 624 million cubic meters.
At present, there are 1,359 nature reserves above the county level in Guangdong, 11 national forests and 24 national forest counties have been successfully established, and the Pearl River Delta National Forest City Cluster has been basically built.
In the next step, the Provincial Forestry Bureau will continue to improve the construction of the forestry carbon sink market, gradually expand the trading of carbon emission rights, and improve the mechanism for realizing the value of ecological products.