Feed security policy this summer, livestock, poultry, grain and grass are well prepared, and the meat, egg and milk industry chain is stable
Entering June, the alfalfa in Yinchuan, Ningxia, which is "plugged into the pearl", has already bloomed.
Grass farmer Li Jianjun finished harvesting more than 100 mu of ryegrass last month. "Now he is busy turning grass and baling alfalfa. This year's first crop of ryegrass has been shipped to the feed factory, and one mu of land has been harvested. 360kg."
Since the Spring Festival in 2022, the prices of major feed raw materials such as corn and soybean meal have risen in multiple rounds.
The reporter interviewed some domestic feed companies and farmers and found that the increase in feed prices did not impact the supply chain, but instead promoted the efforts of some companies to optimize the feed formula structure; more importantly, this year's stable corn production and soybean expansion have become a foregone conclusion. Stable supply provided the confidence.
Non-staple foods such as meat, eggs, and milk are important food sources other than staple food. With sufficient front-end feed, the production capacity of livestock and livestock can be guaranteed, and the dining table of citizens can be abundant.
on site
Good quality pasture
my country's current feed raw materials are mainly corn and soybeans, but alfalfa, silage corn, oats, Leymus chinensis, ryegrass, pennisetum and other forage grasses are more delicious "grass cans" for livestock.
According to the data of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, in 2021, the national grain conversion area will be more than 20 million mu, and 55 million tons of high-quality forage will be purchased and stored; in 2025, the national output of high-quality forage will reach 98 million tons.
In early June, Youmu Agriculture planted more than 35,000 mu of oat grass in Alukerqin Banner, Keyouqian Banner, and Kezuozhong Banner in Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia, and it has grown to more than 30 centimeters in height.
Salesman Li Songxue couldn't hide his excitement. The weather was good this year, and the grass in the base was growing well, "Now the shipments of Inner Mongolia oat grass and Gansu oat grass are increasing, supply and demand are basically stable, and the price of high-grade grass is expected to increase slightly. Fluctuations, it is estimated that when the new grass is harvested, the price will not be too high.”
As one of the research and development teams of soybean and corn belt composite planting technology, Yong Taiwen, a professor at Sichuan Agricultural University, has investigated several soybean technology self-improvement counties this year. "In 2022, the country will expand soybean production to an unprecedented height. This year, the soybean and corn belt The state-of-the-art compound planting technology has been promoted to more than 15 million mu nationwide, and the sown area of soybeans and oilseeds has been expanded to more than 22 million mu."
According to the statistics of the feed industry information network Huitong Data Research Department, the average price of soybean meal in May 2022 was 4,284.97 yuan / ton, down 4.31% from the previous month.
Industry insiders have analyzed that the number of soybeans arriving in Hong Kong has increased significantly recently, the domestic market trade has gradually recovered, coupled with the increase in the national soybean planting area this year and the promotion of the soybean and corn belt compound planting technology, these favorable conditions are enough to support the stable supply of soybean meal in the second half of the year.
research
Increased supply of feed ingredients
Liu Xiangyang is known as the "King of Corn" in Xiangcheng, Henan. He distributes 20,000 to 30,000 tons of corn every year.
For the past month, he has delivered more than 200 tons of corn to Yunnan, Guizhou, and Sichuan every day. "The price of corn in Henan has not risen. The spring corn harvest may be cheaper."
According to the industry information website, on June 2, the national average price of corn (feed raw material) was 2,877 yuan/ton, compared with 2,823 yuan/ton on May 1, an increase of only 1.9%.
According to the analysis and forecast of the supply and demand situation of China's agricultural products released by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs in May, in 2022/23, the total corn output is expected to be basically the same as the previous year, and the total corn consumption is expected to be 291 million tons, an increase of 1.0% over the previous year.
This year, a video of silage wheat feeding livestock appeared on the short video platform. Liu Xiangyang believes that in the long run, it is extremely unlikely that wheat will replace corn as feed. "First, the price of wheat and corn are competitive to a certain extent. If it is used as feed a lot, the price of corn will definitely decrease, so people will buy corn in large quantities; second, the biomass per plant of corn is much higher than that of wheat, so it is not cost-effective to feed wheat to livestock; third, this year’s wheat The price is relatively high, and now it’s $1,50,000, and it’s not economical to sell silage.”
influences
Force companies to reduce costs and increase efficiency
Yang Shiguo, general manager of Jilin Tianfeng Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd., which is mainly engaged in compound feed and concentrated feed, believes that the profits of the feed industry have been getting lower and lower in recent years. In the case of forage, there are weather factors; in addition, domestic and international political factors also affect the price of feed. In addition to the increase in transaction costs caused by unstable factors, another obvious change now is that labor costs are increasing higher."
Yang Shiguo plans to invest several million yuan to build a new factory this year and purchase several intelligent palletizing robots.
He said that by purchasing this automated machine, three workers can be saved, and the work that can be done by the machine as much as possible will not be done by humans, because the machine works more efficiently and more standardly.
The reporter learned that in order to maintain cost competitiveness, some well-known domestic leading feed companies have iterated and promoted the diet formulas of low-cost alternative raw materials such as wheat, sorghum, and brown rice. It can quickly and flexibly adjust the formula when the price of raw materials fluctuates.
expert's point
Promoting the reduction and substitution of corn and soybean meal is the direction
Wu Shugeng, a researcher at the Feed Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, believes that from 80.25 million tons in 2011 to 164.54 million tons in 2022, my country's grain imports have doubled, and domestic grain has increased by 70 million tons during the same period, but because the population is not large Therefore, the domestic food supply is generally not a problem; but the problem is that last year, 28.35 million tons of corn and 96.51 million tons of soybeans were imported, and most of these imported grains were used as feed.
"The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs proposed to vigorously promote the reduction and substitution of corn and soybean meal, actively open up new feed resources, and reduce the dependence on imported feed grains through 'improving efficiency, open source, and adjusting structure', so as to ensure national food security and promote the health of the breeding industry. Sustained development has achieved remarkable results.” Wu Shugeng introduced that, for example, a pig farming company in Henan said that 5% soybean meal (or even no soybean meal) feed for pigs not only did not affect the growth of pigs, but also greatly reduced the cost of breeding. Many large-scale breeding enterprises are implementing this system.
Wu Shugeng told reporters that we have shown through research that proper use of fermented pre-digestion treatment, insect feed raw materials, emulsifiers and enzyme preparations, synthetic amino acids, etc., combined with total nutrient balance technology, can appropriately reduce the crude protein of laying hen feed and significantly reduce soybean meal. The amount of corn used can be reduced by 20%, and the produced feed can meet the needs of laying hens of different breeds and ages, without affecting the production performance and egg quality of laying hens.
Yang Fuyu, a professor at the School of Grassland Science and Technology of China Agricultural University, believes that increasing the supply of high-quality forage grass is also a way to reduce the use of corn and soybean meal. In the future, enterprises should further strengthen the innovation of forage grass germplasm and cultivate super high yield, stress resistance and salt-alkali tolerance. New varieties of forage grass, develop new technologies such as unmanned pastures, digital grasslands, intelligent grazing, and precise grassland restoration, change the grass industry and grassland production methods, and greatly improve the level of forage grass production and grassland production efficiency; it is recommended that the state should increase the grass industry and grassland The share and proportion of scientific and technological research and development investment, continue to increase support, strengthen the multi-functional and whole industry chain innovation of grass industry and grassland.
Beijing News reporter Zhao Lixin