China in the past ten years
Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, June 4th.
Midsummer is approaching, and the Babaili Dongting is full of vast expanses. The birds of various colors swept across the lake to outline the most agile stroke between the water and the sky.
Dongting Lake, located in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, is the second largest freshwater lake in China. In the writings of Fan Zhongyan, a literati in the Northern Song Dynasty, it "has the title of distant mountains, swallowed the Yangtze River, and has a vast soup".
For thousands of years, it has been the guarantee for the prosperous life of the people along the coast, and it is also a paradise for wild animals to live freely.
However, Dongting Lake has also been "overshadowed".
Monitoring data shows that from 2003 to 2013, the proportion of water quality in Dongting Lake inferior to the fifth category increased from zero to 5%, and the second and third categories of water quality sections have disappeared.
He Dongshun, 25 years old this year, was born in Dongting Lake and is a "three generations of fishermen".
Once, his happiest thing was to sit on the roof of his own boat and watch the fish jumping out from time to time on the wide lake.
However, the disordered sand mining and the navigation of large-tonnage ships made the ecological environment of Dongting Lake deteriorate for a time.
"When I was a child, the bottom of the lake was lush with water plants, and there were small animals swimming in the water. At night, flocks of birds flew over, which could cover the moon in the sky." He Dongshun said, later, the clear water of Dongting Lake began to turn yellow , the number of fish is obviously less, all kinds of birds have also left, and the finless porpoise has become uncommon.
Water pollution, sharp decline in forest area, global warming, accelerated extinction of species... Since the Industrial Revolution, the rapid development of the world economy has also brought about uncontrolled transformation and plundering of the ecological environment.
UN Secretary-General António Guterres previously said that mankind should stop irrational and destructive wars against nature.
Facing the imminent deterioration of the ecological environment, in the past 10 years, China has incorporated the construction of ecological civilization into the overall layout of the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and promoted the integrated protection and systematic management of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grass, sand and ice, and the quality of the ecological environment has been significantly improved.
Last year, the ratio of days with good air quality in cities at the prefecture level and above reached 87.5%, and the average concentration of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) dropped by 9.1%; %; the newly added land greening area exceeds 100 million mu, and the newly added soil erosion control area is 62,000 square kilometers...
A few years ago, writer Beicun said goodbye to 16 years of urban life and moved back to his hometown, Changting County, Fujian Province.
In his memory, the hometown used to have serious soil erosion, such as today's blue water green, forests and fields rich.
After years of continuous management, the soil erosion rate in Changting dropped to 6.78% in 2020, and the forest coverage rate reached 80.3%.
Last year, Changting's practice of comprehensive soil erosion control and ecological restoration was successfully selected as a typical case of ecological restoration at the 15th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity.
"Changting has achieved win-win results in soil erosion control, ecological restoration and sustainable economic and social development," said Yue Hui, director of the Changting County Soil and Water Conservation Center.
Beicun, who returned home, also has a new identity - a rural e-commerce practitioner.
Relying on the local good natural ecology, he founded the e-commerce platform "Beicun Natural Life Museum", and more than 30 kinds of native products such as Hetian chicken, camellia oil, and wild kiwi are freshly launched, focusing on "green, healthy and original ecology".
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, new development concepts such as "human development activities must respect nature, conform to nature, and protect nature", "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets", "protecting the environment is protecting productive forces, and improving the environment is developing productive forces" have guided China's practice. The construction of ecological civilization continues to advance in depth.
China has successively formulated and revised 13 laws and 17 administrative regulations, including the Law on the Prevention and Control of Air, Water and Soil Pollution, and dozens of reforms involving the construction of ecological civilization, including the Opinions on Accelerating the Construction of Ecological Civilization and the Overall Plan for the Reform of Ecological Civilization System The plan has been introduced; the environmental governance systems such as ecological environment monitoring data quality management, pollution discharge permit, river (lake) chief system, and prohibition of the entry of foreign garbage have come into effect; the delineation of the national ecological protection red line has been basically completed, and the proportion of the initial delineated area is not less than 25% of the land area...
"China's creatively proposed red line system for ecological protection was successfully selected as one of 15 excellent cases in the world at the 2019 United Nations Climate Action Summit." said Shi Lei, a professor at the School of Environment, Renmin University of China. Environmental issues are both local and global. "China's ecological civilization The construction is based on the actual situation of the country, while focusing on the world, and providing Chinese solutions for the world.”
A small grass that is "popular all over the world", Juncao, has the stunt of "pointing grass into gold".
It is called "Chinese grass".
Juncao technology was born in Fujian in the 1980s.
At that time, people cut down trees and planted mushrooms on a large scale in order to increase income, which led to the prominent "contradiction of bacteria forests".
"Is it worth it to cut a carload of trees and grow shiitake mushrooms?" Looking back now, Lin Zhanxi, chief scientist of the National Juncao Engineering Technology Research Center, still feels a pity.
After years of research, Lin Zhanxi invented the Juncao technology of cultivating edible fungi with grass instead of wood, which has both economic value and ecological benefits.
This technology is not only successful in China, but also attracts the attention of the world.
In his office, there is a globe marked with five red stars. "Those with red five stars are the countries and regions where Juncao has been promoted, and there are currently more than 100".
For many developing countries in the stage from poverty to subsistence, how to deal with the contradiction between environmental protection and economic development is a difficult problem.
Juncao technology has low cost, quick effect, and easy management, and can "sow seeds" around the world.
At the 20th Anniversary of Juncao Foreign Aid in 2021 and the International Cooperation Forum on Helping Sustainable Development, leaders of many countries affirmed the role of Juncao cooperation in poverty eradication, utilization of renewable resources and combating climate change.
"Only by working together can we effectively deal with global environmental issues such as climate change, marine pollution, and biological protection." "Only by walking side by side can the concept of green development be deeply rooted in the hearts of the people and the road to global ecological civilization will be stable and far-reaching." In the future, we must take the construction of ecological civilization as the guide to coordinate the relationship between man and nature.”
China has implemented its call to the world with practical actions: about a quarter of the newly added green areas in the world from 2000 to 2017 came from China, and the contribution ratio ranked first in the world; from 2016 to 2020, China renovated and repaired With a coastline of 1,200 kilometers and a coastal wetland of 345,000 mu, it is the world's leading power generation; in the past ten years, the installed capacity of renewable energy in China has exceeded 1 billion kilowatts, and the total installed capacity of green power ranks first...
Nigel Toppin, high-level advocate for climate action at the 26th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, said that "a community with a shared future for mankind" and "ecological civilization" are to some extent like using poetic language Describing economics and science, it is a "unique Chinese gift".
These poetic Chinese ideas will play a vital role in advancing multilateralism for global biodiversity conservation and environmental protection.
With the strict implementation of a series of protection measures such as the Yangtze River Protection Law and the ten-year ban on fishing in the Yangtze River, Dongting Lake gradually returned to the way He Dongshun remembered.
After graduating from college, he chose to return to his hometown to join his father He Daming's team of fish guards.
"I grew up in Dongting Lake, and I should do something for it." He Dongshun said that he has seen many small animals that he has not seen for a long time in the past two years, and Dongting Lake is recovering its former beauty.
(Xinhua News Agency reporters Meng Jia, Qi Fei, Huang Yang) (Participating in the writing: Zhang Zhaoqing, Shi Weiyan, Tu Hongchang, Pang Mengxia)