The latest "scientific" gossip list is released, Omikron is too strong and needs to be killed outdoors?

People who "sleep in seconds" must have high sleep quality?

Does drinking milk make you prone to precocious puberty?

It's all rumors and...

  Does air fryer cooking cause cancer?

Pot means "disagree"

  Because of its high efficiency and less oil, the air fryer has become a star small appliance in many families.

However, some people think that the air fryer is an IQ tax and that cooking food with it can cause cancer.

In fact, the air fryer was wronged this time.

The latest issue of the "Scientific" rumor list has been released, focusing on refuting the recently widely circulated health rumors.

This time, rumors such as Omicron's strong need for outdoor killing, "second sleep" people with high sleep quality, and the ease of drinking milk and precocious puberty are also on the list.

  The monthly "scientific" rumor list is guided by the Beijing Association for Science and Technology, the Beijing Municipal Internet Information Office, and the Capital Internet Association.

  gossip

  Drinking milk can cause precocious puberty

  Fact: Some people worry that milk contains estrogen, which can lead to precocious puberty in minors.

In fact, as long as you buy milk from regular manufacturers, you don't have to worry too much about estrogen.

  There are two sources of estrogen in milk, one is natural estrogen secreted by cows during milk production, and the other is artificially added estrogen.

The content of natural estrogen in milk is very low, and it is not harmful to the human body.

Not only milk, but also meat, soy products and other foods contain natural estrogen or estrogen-like hormones, and breast milk also contains estrogen, and the content is often higher than that of milk.

As for artificially added estrogen, my country's "Veterinary Drug Administration Regulations" has clear regulations on estrogen drugs, and related drugs shall not be detected in animal food.

  Milk can not only supplement calcium, but also provide high-quality protein and vitamin B2. The lactose in milk can also promote the absorption of minerals such as calcium, iron, and zinc.

Several studies have shown that the intake of milk and its products can increase bone density in children, adolescents and postmenopausal women, which is beneficial to children's growth and development.

  gossip

  People who "sleep in seconds" sleep better

  Fact: People who "fall asleep with a pillow" are often the envy of those with sleep difficulties.

But is that quality of sleep necessarily a good thing?

The way and time of sleep need to be adjusted according to the individualized lifestyle and habits. You can make a preliminary judgment based on whether you are comfortable when you wake up in the morning and how your mental state is, not just how fast you fall asleep.

  In fact, sometimes "sleep in seconds" and "fall asleep quickly" may not mean that there is no problem with sleep, but a symptom of disease.

For example, there are many people with sleep apnea syndrome who seem to sleep well, "sleep in seconds" when lying in bed, and snoring when they sleep, but this is not the performance of "sleeping soundly".

  Repeated apnea occurs during sleep. Over the years, ischemia and hypoxia in various important parts of the body can easily induce cerebrovascular disease, myocardial infarction, and respiratory system diseases.

Snoring is like a "silent killer" in sleep. Long-term sleepiness or obesity and frequent snoring should seek medical attention in time to rule out sleep apnea syndrome.

If these disease factors can be ruled out, then it is a good phenomenon for healthy people to be able to "sleep in seconds".

  gossip

  Sealed/controlled areas require large outdoor disinfection

  Fact: Some people think that the new crown Omicron strain is more infectious, so it is necessary to carry out large-scale outdoor disinfecting in closed and controlled areas.

In fact, it is not the case. Whether it is a closed or controlled area, it is not necessary to carry out extensive disinfection of the outdoor environment to avoid excessive disinfection.

  "Eliminate and kill" is an important means and content of health and epidemic prevention, which can effectively control the transmission of viruses.

Existing research shows that the new coronavirus is mainly transmitted through droplets, and the higher the amount of virus in a unit space, the greater the probability of being infected.

Timely sterilization in local spaces can minimize the risk of infection.

Especially in public places, such as government agencies, medical institutions, etc., it is extremely important to implement routine disinfection.

  However, in the natural environment, the new coronavirus cannot survive or survive for a very short time, so it will basically not cause the spread of the epidemic.

  The possibility of viruses existing in the outdoor ultraviolet environment is extremely low. If it is not contaminated by viruses and must be killed, it is not necessary to carry out large-scale killing of these external environments, which will not only cause waste of human, material and financial resources, increase social panic, and also affect the environment.

  gossip

  Dishes made in air fryers are more likely to cause cancer

  The truth: Are air fryers an "IQ tax"?

An air fryer is essentially a "high-efficiency oven".

Because forced hot air convection is used, the heating efficiency is higher than that of ordinary ovens.

However, its effect on food, in the final analysis, is still heated by air.

From this perspective, air fryers "may produce carcinogens," but other similar cooking methods, such as frying, ovens, and grilling, do too.

  Air fryers may even have less if you consider the amount of harmful substances produced.

  In short, the air fryer is a relatively convenient "high-efficiency oven", and there is nothing wrong with using it to prepare food.

  gossip

  The rice in the self-heating rice is fake

  The truth: Compared with the daily steaming of rice in a rice cooker, the self-heating rice can be cooked in 15 minutes and has a normal taste. Could this be fake rice?

  Don't worry, the self-heating rice is all real rice, but in order to make it easier for people to eat, it uses processed reconstituted rice.

The reason why self-heating rice can be cooked quickly is that the rice has been processed in advance, such as soaking, steaming, dispersing, and drying.

  Treated dehydrated rice (water content reduced to less than 10%) can be stored for a long time at room temperature and heats up much faster.

However, compared with ordinary rice, the taste and aroma of self-heating rice have decreased.

In order to restore the original taste of rice, many manufacturers grind natural rice or broken rice into rice flour, add konjac flour, edible corn starch, etc., and then re-press it into the shape of rice, which is the so-called reconstituted rice.

  Rice made with reconstituted rice tastes different because manufacturers add binders during processing, and some also add some trace elements and dietary fiber to increase the nutritional value of rice.

In fact, in comparison, reconstituted rice is not only easier to cook, but also easier to digest than regular rice.

  gossip

  Iodized salt can cause thyroid nodules

  The truth: iodized salt is "disgusted" because some people think that eating more iodized salt will lead to a high incidence of thyroid nodules.

Is it really?

  The reality is that even if people living in coastal cities are rich in seafood, they still cannot eat enough iodine from food alone (an adult needs 150 micrograms of iodine per day), so it is still necessary to add iodine to table salt.

The main reason for the high incidence of thyroid nodules in recent years is not that people eat too much iodine, but that the progress and popularization of medical examinations have made nodules that were not found before being seen.

  Relevant studies in my country have shown that the detection rates of thyroid nodules in iodine-sufficient and iodine-excessive areas were 21.8% and 20.7%, respectively, and there was no significant difference.

  Iodine has a U-shaped relationship with the incidence of many thyroid diseases.

Too much iodine and too little iodine can increase the incidence of thyroid disease.

But the upper limit of "iodine excess" here is high (800 micrograms per day), and the daily diet is not so easy to overdose.

In contrast, iodine deficiency is more likely and more harmful than iodine excess.

  Adding iodine to salt in my country has reduced the prevalence of iodine deficiency-related mental retardation, premature abortion, fetal congenital malformations, and endemic goiter, and greatly improved the iodine malnutrition of the Chinese people. The goal of basically eliminating iodine deficiency disorders.

Therefore, it is necessary to add iodized salt to all people, and it is an important policy to protect public health.

Text/Reporter Li Jie