The list of "Top Ten Important Archaeological Discoveries in Guangdong Province in the Decade" announced
Yangcheng Evening News reporter Wenyi, Huang Zhouhui, correspondent Guangdong Cultural Tourism News Photo report: On the 16th, the list of "Top Ten Important Archaeological Discoveries in Guangdong Province in the Decade (2012-2022)" was announced. , Yingdeyan cottage site, Shixiongshan Qin and Han architectural sites, Zhaoqing ancient city wall site, Nanhai No. 1, Taishan Dazhouwan site, Huidong Sanguankeng kiln site, Nanhai Shiyanyan quarry site, Guangzhou South Stone Prison site, etc. .
The selection of "Top Ten Important Archaeological Discoveries in the Ten Years of Guangdong Province (2012-2022)" was guided by the Guangdong Provincial Department of Culture and Tourism and organized by the Guangdong Provincial Association for the Protection of Antiquities. Archaeological finds.
Among the archaeological excavation projects identified this time, the three archaeological excavation projects of the Yunan Modaoshan site, the Yingde Qingtang site, and the Nanhai No. 1 shipwreck site have successively been selected as the "Top Ten New Archaeological Discoveries in China"; the Yingdeyan cottage site in 2021 Selected as a major project of "Archaeological China"; the excavation of Taishan Dazhouwan Site, Huidong Sanguankeng Kiln Site, etc. provides important scientific basis for the study of the Maritime Silk Road; Shixiongshan Qin and Han Architectural Sites, Zhaoqing Ancient City Wall Site and other architectural categories The excavation of the site has provided an important physical basis for the architectural characteristics, layout and construction technology of the Lingnan area in the historical period; the survey and mapping of the Shiyanyan quarry site in the South China Sea is the first cave underwater archaeological survey and mapping project in China, which is a great source of water resources. The protection of cultural heritage has provided new technical experience; the Guangzhou Nanshitou Prison site is the living evidence of the arduous revolutionary struggle for freedom and liberation by the vast number of Communists and revolutionaries, which is of great significance to the study of the history of the Communist Party of China.
List of "Top Ten Important Archaeological Discoveries in Guangdong Province in Ten Years"
1. The Ruins of Modao Mountain in Yunan
The site is the first Paleolithic wilderness type site discovered in Guangdong and excavated by scientific archaeology. It is the earliest confirmed human cultural relic in Guangdong. It fills the gap of the early Paleolithic culture in Guangdong and integrates the earliest history of human activities in this area. From about 130,000 years ago to hundreds of thousands of years ago.
2. Yingde Qingtang Site
The earliest pottery in Guangdong has been unearthed at the site, and more than 10,000 pieces of various cultural relics such as ancient human fossils, stone tools, pottery, mussel tools, hornbone tools, animal bones and plant remains have been unearthed. Ten thousand years of continuous stratigraphic and cultural sequence.
3. Yingdeyan Cottage Ruins
The site is the largest central settlement site from the Neolithic period to the Xia-Shang period discovered in Lingnan so far, and the Yanbei burial area is another high-level cemetery of the late Neolithic period in Guangdong discovered after 40 years of archaeological excavation at the Shixia site.
4. Shixiong Mountain Architectural Site of Qin and Han Dynasties
Shixiongshan site has found the remains of Neolithic, Shang and Western Zhou, Spring and Autumn and Warring States, Qin and Han, Tang and Song, Ming and Qing Dynasties. However, due to the repeated use of the site and the damage of other irresistible factors, the Qin and Han dynasties were excavated. main findings.
5. Zhaoqing Ancient City Wall Ruins
The excavated remains of the site range from the Han to the Republic of China period, mainly from the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China.
In the Chaotianmen area, relics such as roads, gate tower bases, house sites, and door openings have been cleaned up. It is comprehensively judged that the above relics were abandoned when the city gate was blocked and the slope was built in the Republic of China, which is consistent with the literature records.
6. Nanhai No. 1
In 2007, on the basis of several underwater archaeological works, the "Nanhai No. 1" wreck was smoothly moved into the Guangdong Maritime Silk Road Museum, which was specially built for it, using the world's first overall salvage method and the method of air bag pulling.
The residual length of the hull is about 21.91 meters, the maximum width is about 9.87 meters, and the distribution outline area is about 179.15 square meters.
7. Taishan Dazhouwan Ruins
The site is the site of the early Sino-Portuguese porcelain trade in Dazhouwan, Shangchuan Island in the Ming Dynasty.
The unearthed relics are mainly blue and white porcelain, which are basically exported porcelain related to the trade activities of the Ming Dynasty and the Portuguese in Shangchuan.
8. Huidong Sanguankeng Kiln Site
The Baima kiln site group, including the Sanguankeng kiln site, was an important export kiln in the Ming Dynasty in my country, and its products were sold in Southeast Asia.
This excavation provides a scientific basis for the study of Baima kiln's products, technology, scale, age, distribution characteristics and transportation routes, and provides new materials for the study of its kiln structure, firing method and technological process.
9. South China Sea Shiyanyan Quarry Site
Xiqiao Mountain is a Cenozoic volcano, which was mined on a large scale for making inkstones and printing stones. Shiyanyan is one of the ancient large-scale quarries mined from open-air to caverns.
The Shiyanyan quarry is a rare well-preserved cave quarry site in China. After being flooded and sealed, there is basically no disturbance to later generations. It is a rare historical and cultural relic that has been fixed due to emergencies.
10. Guangzhou South Stone Prison Site
Important relics such as the walls of the Zhennan Fort in the late Qing Dynasty and the cells of the Southern Stone Prison in the Republic of China were cleaned up at the site, and relics such as large iron cannons, shackles, bullet casings, and reagent bottles were unearthed.
Among them, 132 cells can be confirmed at the base of the "well"-shaped cells of the prison.