Fang Biao

　　According to reports, "The List of Traditional Place Name Protection in the Functional Core Areas of the Capital (The First Batch of Streets and Hutongs)" was recently released, and Brick Tower Hutong, Shijia Hutong, Yangmeizhu Xiejie, and Baihuashen were selected.

　　The 700-year-old Brick Tower Hutong is the oldest hutong in Beijing, and it has many famous stories.

　　Old Man Wan Song and Yelu Chucai

　　The word hutong originated from the Yuan Dynasty, dating from the Ming and Qing dynasties to the present.

Yuan Li Haogu's drama "Zhang Sheng Boils the Sea" has a saying: "You go to the general store in Jiaotou Brick Pagoda Hutong, Yangshi to find me." The street from Xisi to Fuchengmen was once called "Yangshi". Street".

　　How many hutongs were there in the history of Beijing?

There is a folk slang saying: "There are three thousand sixty-six in the big alleys, and the small alleys compete with each other." If we go back to Dadu in the Yuan Dynasty, there is only one hutong that can be tested.

Therefore, Mr. Luo Zhewen called it "the root of Beijing Hutong".

　　In the former Yuan Dynasty, the center of Beijing's city site was "Jiqiu", which is near the present Baiyun Temple, and the Brick Tower Hutong was the "Northfield of the Suburbs".

Today, Guangji Temple at No. 25, Chengmennei Street, Fucheng, was originally the site of Xiliucun Temple in Jin Dynasty. It has been repaired and expanded in successive dynasties, and it is now the site of the Chinese Buddhist Association.

　　Brick Tower Hutong is located to the west of the West Fourth T-junction and has a history of more than 700 years.

There is a Wansong pagoda at the east entrance of Hutong, hence the name.

This is the only ancient brick pagoda in downtown Beijing. The ancient brick pagoda has layers of eaves, like an old man full of stories.

There is a saying that the Old Man Pagoda of Wansong is likely to be the cemetery of monks in Xiliucun Temple, similar to the Pagoda in Songshan Shaolin Temple.

In the vicissitudes of life, only the old man's tower of Wansong has been preserved.

　　The old man Wansong was the Zen master Wansong Xingxiu (1166-1246), and he called himself the old man Wan Songye.

Jin Zhangzong entered the palace in the fourth year of Mingchang (1193) and gave Jinqi a monk's robe.

When the Mongolian army conquered the Central Capital, Wansong Xingxiu was ordered to preside over the Wanshou Temple and pray for the royal family.

In his later years, he retired to Calgary Nunnery, wrote a book and wrote a book, promoting the strengths of various sects, avoiding the shortcomings of each sect, and became a generation of masters.

He was an eminent monk and great virtue with a political background during the Jin and Yuan dynasties.

　　From the standpoint of Buddhism, Wan Songxingxiu conducted a profound discussion on the theory of Confucius and Mencius, and put forward the theory of "governing the mind with Buddhism and governing the country with Confucianism", and coordinated "birth" and "entry into the world".

The old man Wan Song is different from person to person. He says "empty" to those who have not been appointed, and "yes" to those who have already been appointed. In general, he says, "Let's get rid of the emptiness and cling to it, each will find his own way, and each will go his own way."

　　Yelu Chucai was a disciple of Wansong Xingxiu, and he was very respectful and sincere to him.

The way of "governing the mind with Buddhism and governing the country with Confucianism" has changed from "passing" to "inheriting", and from "learning" to "using".

　　Yelu Chucai is the eighth-generation grandson of Yelubei, the eldest son of Yelu Abaoji, the ancestor of the Liao Dynasty.

When the Mongolian iron cavalry conquered the Central Capital, Genghis Khan heard the name of Chu Cai and said to him: "Liao and Jin have a feud, I have avenged your hatred with you." Chu Cai said to him: "My father has been an official in gold, how can I dare to enmity against the king? "This answer is very high, and the implication is: "Gold is not hatred, of course you can be loyal to Yuan." So he won the trust of Genghis Khan, and the official Zhizhongshuling (prime minister).

　　When the Mongolian army first entered the Central Plains, some extremists thought that the Han people were useless, and it was better to kill them, so as to make the vegetation lush and beneficial to animal husbandry.

Yelu Chucai stopped this incident and urged Wo Kuotai to say: "There is no money at the moment, and the land tax and commercial tax collected from the Central Plains can get 500,000 taels of silver, 80,000 silk, and more than 400,000 shi... "And on set the tax collector.

　　The following year, when Wo Kuotai returned to the cloud, the ten tax collectors had presented gold, silk and millet to the court.

Genghis Khan was overjoyed and said to Chu Cai: "How many wise men like you are in the South?" Chu Cai replied: "The ministers are not talented enough, and there are many people who are much stronger than the ministers." Political Yanjing.

At that time, the city was very chaotic. In broad daylight, chariots and horses robbed people's property. Yelu Chucai killed 16 people, and Yanjing was able to settle down.

　　After Chu Cai died of illness, he was buried on the east bank of Wengshan Park (now Kunming Lake in the Summer Palace), and Kublai Khan ordered to build a shrine to show his respect.

The ancestral hall still exists today, and it can be used for condolences by future generations.

　　Yelu Chucai is good at poetry and prose, and there is a collection of works by Zhanran layman, which contains many descriptions of the customs of the Western Regions, which is a rare historical material for later generations.

Wan Songxingxiu wrote the preface to this anthology, which was highly praised.

Between teachers and students, the concept of life and governance is "one".

　　A generation of talented girl Gu Taiqing

　　Brick Pagoda Hutong was named after the tower, which had a great influence in the Yuan Dynasty.

Since the 19th century, Gu Taiqing, Lu Xun, Zhang Henshui, Shao Lizi, Qi Yanming... many famous people have been inhabited one after another.

　　Gu Taiqing was from the Jue Luo clan of Xilin, Manchuria, with a blue flag.

Xilinchun was taught calligraphy by his grandmother when he was three or four years old. When he was eleven years old, his parents died in Jiangnan, and he was raised by his uncle and aunt.

His talent is intelligent, his export is well established, and his poems are novel and exquisite. He can be regarded as the leader in the literary circle of Minxiu in the south of the Yangtze River. He is the wife of Xie Daoyun and Li Qingzhao.

In the early years of Daoguang, Xilinchun entered the palace of Rongjun and served as the chair of Gege Institute.

The palace owner Yi Hui is a talented man in the clan, and he and Xi Linchun hit it off at first sight, and the two later became husband and wife.

Yihui's studio was nicknamed "Taisu", and Xilinchun called him Gu Taiqing.

　　After marriage, the husband and wife often travel together, visiting scenic spots in western Beijing.

Gu Taiqing liked to read "A Dream of Red Mansions", and subsequently wrote "A Dream of Red Mansions", which was published by Juzhen Hall of Longfu Temple in the second year of Guangxu and reprinted by Peking University Press in 1998.

　　After Yihui died of illness, Gu Taiqing was expelled from the Rong Mansion and moved with his children to the Brick Pagoda Hutong, where he lived beside the ancient pagoda for 19 years.

Many masterpieces in the "Tianfu Pavilion Collection" were completed during this period.

In the seventh year of Xianfeng (1857), the grandson of Gu Taiqing took the throne of the Duke of Zheng and regained control of the Rong Mansion.

　　Lu Xun and Zhang Henshui

　　In July 1923, Lu Xun and Zhou Zuoren "broken up with each other", so he moved to No. 61 Zhuanta Hutong with his wife Zhu An.

This is a small yard with the gate facing north, two east and west rooms and three north rooms.

The three north rooms are only over 20 square meters in total.

Zhu An lived in the west room, and the east room was where Mrs. Zhou lived when she came to see her son.

Lu Xun lives in the central hall, with study, dining room, living room, and bedroom "four-in-one". In the hall, there is a table of the Eight Immortals, where eating, meeting guests, and writing are all inherited.

　　Under such conditions, Lu Xun continued his work. During the nine months he lived in Zhuanta Hutong, he collated Ji Kang Ji, compiled the second volume of A Brief History of Chinese Fiction, and created On the Restaurant and Happiness. Family", "Soap" and other works.

　　In the past nine months, Mrs. Zhou has visited more than ten times and stayed for more than one hundred and sixty days.

In order to be filial to his mother, Lu Xun purchased a small courtyard house in Santiao at the gate of the palace, which is today's former residence of Lu Xun, and moved to a new residence in May 1924.

　　Novels are Lu Xun's strength, but Mrs. Zhou could not understand Lu Xun's novels, but she liked Zhang Henshui's novels very much.

Zhou and Zhang, two great literati, are also related to Brick Tower Hutong.

　　Zhang Henshui's writings are equal, "Family of Jinfen", "Chunming Foreign History", "Causes of Tears and Laughter", "Fourth Company Commander of Northeast China"... These novels reflect a wide range of contents, and they are all imprinted with the imprint of the times and made the voice of the times.

　　After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Zhang Henshui returned to Beijing and worked as the manager of Xinmin Daily and the editor-in-chief of the supplement Beihai. Later, he bought a small courtyard house in Zhuanta Hutong, number 43.

The courtyard has three north rooms, the middle is the living room and dining room, the west room is the bedroom, the east room is the study, the south room is three, and the east and west wing rooms are two.

There are lilac, elm leaf plum, green bamboo, willow and jujube trees in the courtyard, which are full of vitality and greenery.

　　In the spring of 1967, Zhang Henshui passed the final course of his life in this small courtyard at the age of 72.

　　Mr. Shao Lizi is known as the "peaceful old man", and he is an active sponsor or direct participant in many negotiations between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party.

Shao Lizi settled in Peiping in 1949 and lived at No. 63 Zhuanta Hutong.

This is a house facing south. There are four Chinese locust trees outside the door, two acacia trees, two ginkgo trees and two begonia trees in the courtyard. The veranda is connected to the hall, and there are more than 20 rooms.

Shao Lizi lived in Zhuanta Hutong for five years.

　　In 1927, Ye Gongchuo and other celebrities renovated Wansong Old Man Pagoda, making it an elegant gathering place for literati, that is, a cultural salon. As a public reading place, it is free and open, and is known as a "brick reading space".

"Sven is here" is not false.