This is the neuroendocrine pancreatic tumor that rapper Fedez has been removed

• A pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor: the diagnosis of Fedez, husband of Chiara Ferragni

The tumor that rapper Fedez, husband of Chiara Ferragni, has been diagnosed with and removed from, is included in the group of neuroendocrine neoplasms.

It is specifically

, as stated in the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology (SEOM).

These cancers are relatively rare.

They have an age-adjusted annual incidence of

It should be noted that an increase in its incidence has been observed in the last 30 years due to several reasons, mainly the improvement of diagnostic techniques and better identification of cases.

What are the signs and symptoms of this tumor?

Many patients experience

, such as headache, confusion, visual disturbances, or an irritable mood.

Symptoms such as sweating, palpitations, or tremors may also occur.

This usually happens in fasting situations or after exercise.

Others develop a characteristic

called migratory necrolytic erythema, as a result of

.

It also manifests itself through glucose intolerance and even diabetes mellitus, weight loss and anemia.

This sign on the skin is present in most cases and begins around the mouth in a ring shape and later in the groin, perineum, buttocks and thighs and spreads laterally producing blisters and erosions.

How is it diagnosed?

To confirm or rule out this type of rare tumor

.

In addition to different specific

Nuclear Medicine such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), high-definition CT, scintigraphy and a pathological study through a biopsy can be used.

How many types of tumors are there?

From the SEOM, it is explained that these cancers are classified according to the pancreatic endocrine cell from which they derive and the type of hormone they secrete:

• Gastrinoma

  : these are active tumors that cause a syndrome of inadequate secretion of gastrin (hormone responsible for the secretion of acid in the stomach) called Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.

  They are usually located in the pancreas or duodenum (mainly in the first and second duodenal portions).

  Some have metastases at the time of diagnosis.

• Insulinoma

  : they are usually benign, they produce insulin, which conditions the appearance of hypoglycemia.

  Only a tenth are malignant.

• Glucagonoma

  : It is active and secretes glucagon.

  A high percentage of patients have metastases at the time of diagnosis.

• Somatostatinoma

  : Very rare, usually functioning, secreting somatostatin, with malignant behavior.

  It is located with the same frequency in the pancreas as in the small intestine.

• VIPoma

  : active and often malignant, secreting vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) causing a characteristic watery diarrhea syndrome (Verner-Morrison syndrome).

  They are usually solitary, large and located in the tail of the pancreas.

  Half are malignant, with metastases at the time of diagnosis.

• Non-functioning pancreatic endocrine tumors

  : they are characterized by not producing any syndrome derived from hormonal hyperproduction.

  The most common location is the head of the pancreas, and they cause symptoms derived from local growth, such as pain and jaundice (yellowing of the skin and mucous membranes due to an increase in bilirubin in the blood).

What kind of treatment is there?

In the face of

, the treatment of choice is

or tumor removal by endoscopic techniques in specific situations.

These modalities ensure that they can achieve healing.

The

, to which the rapper has undergone as shown on Instagram, is a surgical intervention in which the head of the pancreas, the duodenum, the gallbladder and, often, but not always, a part are removed. of the stomach.

This process is called Whipple and is considered highly complex.

The rapper Fedez has published what the intervention is like.

Other options, when the disease has spread to other nearby organs, the therapeutic approach includes, in addition to surgery,

sessions , the use of different groups of

and

(one of the novelties of recent years in the treatment of neuroendocrine tumors), among others.

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