The integration of digital and real needs to make up for the shortcomings of policy, capital and market.
On January 12, 2022, the State Council issued the "14th Five-Year Plan for Digital Economy Development".
The "Plan" pointed out that the development of the digital economy should take data as the key element and take the deep integration of digital technology and the real economy as the main line.
The "Plan" deploys eight key tasks, including optimizing and upgrading digital infrastructure, giving full play to the role of data elements, vigorously promoting industrial digital transformation, and accelerating digital industrialization.
The deep integration of digital technology and the real economy requires industrial digitization and digital industrialization to work in the opposite direction.
So, how can my country's industrial development achieve the integration of data and reality?
What aspects should the government, enterprises, market, capital, and technology take actively to achieve innovation-led, integrated development, and make my country’s digital economy stronger, better, and bigger?
Give full play to comparative advantages and gradually improve the digital economy governance system
Li Yongjian, director of the Internet Research Office of the Institute of Financial and Economic Strategy of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, proposed that in order to realize the digital transformation of the industry, the government must gradually improve the digital economy governance system, from data security, data protection, data sharing, data transactions and other aspects of the operation of the digital economy. , find a suitable starting point and entry point, and give full play to the role of data elements.
The Shanghai Data Exchange was officially established last year, which is a typical case of the integration and development of the digital economy and the real economy in the field of data trading.
From the perspective of policy formulation, Li Yongjian pointed out that the integration of data and reality should firstly focus on guiding policies and guiding policies, with less rigid and prohibitive regulations; At the beginning, we should focus on the overall situation and avoid the dilemma of "fragmented governance" that we only think about how to govern when there are problems; A governance structure in which enterprises, social organizations, media, users, and other subjects collaborate and co-governance.
Nie Huihua, a professor at the School of Economics at Renmin University of China, believes that the formulation of relevant policies should be more clear about development norms, regulatory priorities and timetables for relevant policy formulation, so that companies can have more stable judgments and expectations for industry integration and development.
In terms of improving the digitalization level of government departments, Nie Huihua pointed out that compared with the digitalization of enterprises, the digitalization of government departments in my country started earlier and progressed faster.
For example, the Golden Tax Project, my country began to advance in 1994.
Today, China's digital economy has become a national strategy. We must give full play to China's comparative advantages and promote the construction of a digital government.
In addition, Zhang Zhanbin, member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and dean of the School of Marxism of the Central Party School, emphasized that relevant parties should also strengthen the guidance of public opinion to create a good environment for the integration of the digital economy and the real economy.
Promote data sharing and build a data interconnection platform
The integration of digital industry and physical industry means that data will flow in all aspects of production and consumption, within enterprises and between different enterprises.
Therefore, Li Yongjian proposed that, first of all, we need to gradually establish and implement a series of basic parameters such as data standards, protocols, and interfaces, and improve the industrial supporting software and hardware for data generation and circulation.
This not only needs to coordinate the data types from different data sources such as PLC (programmable logic controller), industrial computer, single-board computer, etc., but also needs to combine the data requirements of specific data-real integration solutions.
Li Yongjian believes that the supply, maintenance and improvement of such low-level and basic public goods need to be led by the government, and can only be completed with the participation and cooperation of other market players.
In addition to establishing data standards, Wu Hequan, director of the National Standardization Expert Committee and academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, proposed that the government should also establish a service platform to support industrial Internet innovation, including relevant algorithms, software, and open data, and configure relevant technical leaders .
These services can be directly funded by the government, or through government support or purchase.
Difficulties encountered by various enterprises in the process of digital transformation can be published on this platform, allowing universities and research institutions to participate, and realize the integration of production, education and research in the integration of data and reality.
In terms of promoting platform construction, Nie Huihua suggested that we can also refer to the experience of other countries.
For example, the Japanese government continues to update the directory of companies, intermediaries, and service providers on the platform, so that companies in need can contact relevant service providers in a timely manner and tailor-made solutions for themselves.
After improving the digital infrastructure and establishing a data service platform, Li Yongjian proposed to further promote the modularization, softwareization, platformization and generalization of digital and real integration, and reduce costs and improve efficiency from the supply of digital solutions.
Specifically, we need to refer to the experience in the development of the manufacturing industry, and make technology, data, software, and resources software-based and platform-based, making them portable, replicable, and universal, so that enterprises can enjoy the efficiency improvements brought about by digitalization.
Industrial digitalization requires in-depth integration between digital and physical enterprises
The digital transformation of enterprises requires digital technology enterprises to provide services for real economy enterprises.
However, the industry backgrounds, industrial processes and actual needs of different real economy enterprises are complex and different, which has become a "high threshold" for digital technology companies, IT companies and real economy companies to cooperate.
In this regard, Wu Hequan proposed that the integration of data and reality should focus on the demands of real economy enterprises, and digital technology enterprises should put down their stature and learn patiently.
Li Yongjian said that the digital transformation of an enterprise is to digitize all business processes such as R&D and design, processing and manufacturing, and marketing services, and then integrate them into a networked information platform to give full play to the potential of digital production.
In this process, the digital service provider must have a comprehensive understanding of the industrial knowledge such as the demand characteristics, production characteristics, and supply characteristics of production enterprises, and find suitable application scenarios in order to provide customized digital solutions and finally achieve satisfactory results. .
In this regard, Li Yongjian took an example of a company that he had investigated that produced packaging cartons for e-commerce. In order to reduce the impact of changes in market supply and demand on the production line of the company, the company developed an order management system in cooperation with an Internet company. The quantity is linked with its production system, and the production is arranged reasonably, which greatly improves the stability of its production line.
Yu Jiang, executive director of the Industrial Science and Technology Innovation Research Center of the Academy of Science and Technology Strategy of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, pointed out that in order to realize the industrial value of digital-real integration, digital enterprises and industrial enterprises need to go through a long period of hard work and even painful running-in.
In this process, the state also needs to be guided by policies to encourage enterprises to put down their burdens, increase their confidence, and settle down to persist in this cause for a long time, so as to better resonate with the country's long-term strategic needs.
Realize the self-reliance of science and technology to solve the problem of "stuck neck"
The integration of digital and real means the deep integration of emerging digital technology, information and communication technology and industrial economy.
Today's 5G technology features high bandwidth and low latency, which can better meet the needs of converged infrastructure such as the Industrial Internet.
Wu Hequan pointed out that traditional industrial modules such as PLC control systems commonly used in industrial enterprises do not actually have the conditions to integrate with the new generation of information technologies such as cloud computing, edge computing, big data, artificial intelligence, and IPV6.
Therefore, we must seize the opportunity brought by 5G technology, replace PLC with 5G industrial gateway, and at the same time integrate a new generation of information technology, simplify the level of the intranet of industrial enterprises, and flatten it, so as to make it a cross-industry, universal system.
Wu Hequan believes that most production companies on the market currently operate different systems in different application scenarios, such as machine vision, quality inspection, remote control, etc., and some companies have even hundreds of application scenarios.
However, these systems generally operate in isolation and have few connections with each other, so the current effect of industrial digitization is not ideal.
"I believe that 5G+ industrial gateways need to be fully connected to solve the difficulties of digital transformation of industrial enterprises." Wu Hequan concluded.
The integration of data and reality not only means that the internal data of an enterprise can be connected through the whole process, but also means that the data of different enterprises and different industries can be connected and transferred in a timely and effective manner, which puts forward a higher level of digital infrastructure construction in a country. technical requirements.
However, at present, there are still some basic technical fields in my country including industrial control, industrial software, industrial network, and industrial information security, as well as key technical fields such as edge intelligence, industrial big data analysis, industrial mechanism modeling, and industrial application development. Technical shortcomings.
In order to solve the problem of "stuck neck" in technology and achieve high-level self-reliance and self-improvement in science and technology, Zhang Zhanbin believes that on the one hand, it is necessary to give full play to the institutional advantages of my country's new national system and the advantages of the super-large market, and further increase investment; Continue to deepen market reforms and guide the capital market to provide more financial support for key technological breakthroughs.
Reduce costs and promote the integration of data and reality for small, medium and micro enterprises
At present, the development of my country's consumer Internet and industrial Internet is not balanced, showing a trend of "one leg is long and one leg is short".
Zhang Zhanbin pointed out that this imbalance has brought many difficulties to the digitalization process of my country's small and medium-sized enterprises.
Yu Jiang pointed out that among the solutions provided by digital technology enterprises to real economy enterprises, the more successful cases are generally concentrated in retail, catering and other service-oriented and consumer-oriented small, medium and micro enterprises.
However, for those production-oriented enterprises, there are not many effective technical support and solutions that digital enterprises can provide.
The decision-making of supply chain, inventory, marketing and other business links of these production-oriented enterprises requires data support. How to effectively solve this problem is the difficulty faced by the digital development of small and medium-sized enterprises.
Zhang Zhanbin proposed that governments at all levels can select unicorn enterprises in the field of digital economy for cultivation. By establishing benchmark enterprises and promoting typical application scenarios, digital enterprises can give full play to the driving role of digital enterprises in upgrading the industrial chain and supply chain.
In addition, Yu Jiang believes that the leading enterprises of traditional industrial enterprises in my country, such as Haier, Shugen Interconnection, Meiyun Zhishu, etc., have also launched a series of complete solutions based on the industrial Internet, and these enterprises should also be further encouraged and supported.
In addition, Nie Huihua believes that many local governments have invested in the construction of digital parks, and the digital infrastructure of these parks is relatively complete.
By entering the digital park, small, medium and micro enterprises can access the digital system of the park, thereby effectively promoting the development of their digital-real integration.
Nie Huihua added that in the future, the construction of digital parks should pay more attention to meeting the individual needs of small, medium and micro enterprises.
Written by/Beijing News reporter Kong Xue