Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, February 21, title: Spring ploughing and spring management are just in time: experts remind to do a good job in extreme weather response and pest control
Xinhua News Agency reporters Yu Wenjing, Wang Yueyang, Ye Jing
The plan of the year is spring.
At present, wheat production has entered a critical period of spring management, and the agricultural production activities of spring ploughing and ploughing have gradually started from south to north.
Doing a good job in preventing and responding to extreme weather and preventing and controlling diseases and insect pests is of great significance to ensuring food production this year.
The reporter learned from the Central Meteorological Observatory on the 21st that winter wheat in Shanxi, Hebei, Henan and most of Shandong is currently in the overwintering period, and the winter wheat in central Shaanxi, southern Henan, southern Shanxi, northern Anhui, and northwestern Jiangsu has begun to turn green. Compared with last year and normal years, it is 4 to 10 days later.
Qian Yonglan, a senior engineer at the Agricultural Meteorological Center of the National Meteorological Center, analyzed that due to the rain and waterlogging in the north last autumn, the planting of winter wheat was delayed in some areas, and the proportion of late and weak seedlings was higher than normal.
However, due to the high precipitation, the bottom moisture in the northern wheat area is generally good, and since the winter has experienced many rain and snow weather processes in the north, it is more favorable for winter wheat to survive the winter safely.
Qian Yonglan said that according to climate forecasts, most of the northern winter wheat areas will have high temperatures and normal or excessive precipitation this spring, which is favorable for winter wheat to turn green, jointing and yield formation. However, it is still necessary to pay attention to the large temperature fluctuations in spring.
Periods of strong cooling and frost may still occur in the next period of time. The temperature in most parts of Huanghuai and Huaihe in North China is high, and drought and hot and dry winds may occur in some wheat areas; the water and heat conditions in most parts of the south are normal, which is conducive to the growth and yield of winter wheat and rapeseed. form.
Agricultural meteorological experts suggested that all regions should strengthen field classification management according to the situation of winter wheat seedlings, soil moisture and future weather trends.
At the same time, spring sowing should be carried out in a timely manner in the northern spring sowing areas according to soil thawing and temperature rise.
In areas with high rainfall in Heilongjiang, it is necessary to seize the fine weather to plough and disperse moisture in time to prevent spring flooding; in southern areas, there is a possibility of drought, especially in southern China, it is necessary to store water in reservoirs and ponds to ensure sufficient water for spring sowing.
Scientific and effective prevention and control of crop pests and diseases is a key measure to stabilize food production.
With the rise of temperature, wheat stripe rust will enter a period of rapid expansion and epidemic, especially in the Hanshui Basin and Huanghuai wheat area, the precipitation is too much in the early stage, and the field humidity is too high, which is conducive to the epidemic of the disease.
As wheat gradually turns green from south to north, the task of preventing and controlling diseases and insect pests such as wheat sheath blight and aphids is also more arduous.
Recently, Xu Zenghai, a senior agronomist at the Jiyang District Agricultural Technology Extension Comprehensive Service Center, Jinan City, Shandong Province, has been in the field for guidance almost every day in order to mobilize farmers to do a good job in winter wheat field management in spring.
He told reporters that during the winter of wheat, the soil moisture is good and the temperature is too high, which is not conducive to suppressing the occurrence of diseases, insects and weeds. Under the background of weak seedlings, it increases the uncertainty for the high yield of summer grains.
"The seedlings are weak, and special attention must be paid to preventing cold and pests. It is particularly important to do a good job in field management in spring this year."
The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs said that all localities should take "grain from insects" as an important measure to stabilize grain production by every means possible.
Focus on the prevention and control of wheat stripe rust, scab, sheath blight, aphids, etc., to ensure that the damage loss is controlled within 5%, strive to improve the coverage of unified prevention and control and green prevention and control, and reduce the use of chemical pesticides.
It is understood that the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs requires all localities to strengthen the implementation of responsibilities, incorporate major pest and disease prevention and control into the content of food security party and government assessments, formulate and issue technical plans for the prevention and control of major pests and diseases of wheat and other crops, and guidance on the safe use of herbicides for soybean and corn ribbon compound planting In the critical period of prevention and control, we will send elite forces to go deep into the production line, and conduct on-site training to guide farmers to carry out prevention and control.
The person in charge said that the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, together with the Ministry of Finance, will allocate the central financial subsidy funds for the prevention and control of major wheat pests and diseases as soon as possible to support relevant monitoring and prevention and control work in various regions, and urge local financial investment to increase to ensure that monitoring and prevention measures are in place. .