Chinanews client, Beijing, February 12 (Reporter Shangguan Yun) With the progress of various events in the Beijing Winter Olympics, people's enthusiasm for ice and snow sports is getting higher and higher.
In fact, there are many types of ice and snow sports in ancient China.
According to Tong Tong, a doctor of literature and a teacher at Harbin University of Commerce, at first, the ice activities of the ancients were due to the needs of production and life.
During the Song Dynasty, there were records about "riding the bed" in related books, indicating that this kind of activity had a certain entertainment nature.
Data map: Performers wearing Qing Dynasty Eight Banners costumes staged a royal "ice play" in Beihai Park in Beijing.
Photo by China News Agency reporter Tomita
The ancient ice and snow culture, Tong Tong generally divides it into three categories.
One is the material basis created with ice and snow as the material, that is, ice and snow trade, transportation, architecture, clothing, diet, winter fishing, etc.; The third is the ideology, festival customs and art forms with the symbolic meaning of ice and snow produced in the natural environment of ice and snow, such as ice lanterns and ice sculptures.
"Among them, in terms of ice and snow sports in ancient times, in addition to skating, there are 'bamboo horses', dog cars (that is, dog sleds), ice beds, etc." Tong Tong said.
For example, there is a record in "Sui Shu" that "there is a lot of snow on the ground, fear of traps and pits, riding on wood" such records.
The so-called "walking on a wooden board" refers to walking on a wooden board similar to a sleigh and moving forward in the snow and ice.
In the "New Book of Tang", there are the following words: "Ride wood to chase deer on ice", "It is customary to ride a wooden horse on ice, borrow feet with boards, bend wood to support armpits, and take a hundred steps."
Tong Tong introduced that these are descriptions of hunting and skating on ice.
During the Song Dynasty, ice and snow sports were more prosperous.
Books such as "Mengxi Bi Tan" mentioned a kind of ice game called "Living Bed", which is similar to a big sleigh.
It is also mentioned in the "Zhuozhongzhi" of the Ming Dynasty, "When it is freezing in winter, the bed can be dragged, and the bed can be added with wooden boards or recommended. One person can pull a rope in front of him, and two or three people can be pulled. , embellished as picturesque." People often have a lot of fun.
To sum up, with the development of the times, the content of ice and snow sports of the ancients has become increasingly rich, and various forms of ice activities such as skating, sitting on ice chasing, pulling sleds, and playing ice hockey have appeared.
In the exhibition area of the National Convention Center of the China International Fair for Trade in Services in 2021, a participant watched the "Ice Playing Picture" displayed in combination with digital technology at the booth of the Palace Museum.
Photo by China News Agency reporter Hou Yu
Among them, when it comes to "ice play", Tong Tong introduced that in 1625, according to the records of "Secret Records of Old Manchurian Documents", Nurhaci held the first "ice games", and the main items were "kick heads" (ice Cuju, ice hockey) and multiplayer speed skating.
She said that Qianlong once wrote a "Future of Imperial Ice Play", which believed that "ice play is the most important thing in the national system", and noted that "national customs often have a classic of ice play". At this time, there were formation speed skating, Ice hockey, figure skating, kickball on ice, etc.
"People's enthusiasm for ice and snow is far more than that." Tong Tong said, "Tokyo Dream Hualu" has records about "sculpting snow lions and installing snow lanterns, so as to be friendly to the old", the ancients would pile snow on snowy days Lions in different poses.
In her view, from ancient times to the present, the core of our rich ice and snow culture is the wisdom of harmonious coexistence between human beings and nature, the pure and sincere artistic spirit and the awe-inspiring but fearless courage.
(Finish)