华西都市报-封面新闻记者 杨霁月 田雪皎 李佳雨 刘雨薇 梁家旗 吉林珲春

  “大家都叫我‘虎侠东哥’。”指着客厅里摆满的玩偶老虎,李冬伟说,受他的职业影响,12岁的儿子和3岁的女儿最喜欢的动物也是老虎。

  今年40岁的李冬伟是东北虎豹国家公园管理局珲春市局巡护队队长。常年在林海雪原追踪虎豹足迹,他的皮肤变得黝黑。10多年前,他只是跟随林业局工作人员进山的志愿者,“能坚持下来,还是因为喜欢动物。”

  东北虎豹国家公园管理局珲春市局工作人员介绍,现在李冬伟的巡护队有20多人,10多年坚持下来的人非常少,2021年新招的30人,目前只留下10人。

  “除了爱好,还有对体力的要求很高。”1月18日,吉林珲春市哈达门乡农坪沟的密林旁,李冬伟带领20余名队员要进山,这一次他们要在山间步行5小时,每个人都背着方便面和一壶热水,手里还握着手机大小的卫星定位仪,发现猎套或者动物,他们就随地打点标记。

与虎结缘

  从“受害者”变保护者

  珲春是延边黄牛的重要产地,李冬伟也曾是一名“放牛娃”,兼做一些山货买卖。

  2010年的一天夜里,李冬伟家放养在山坡上的一头黄牛被猛兽咬死。根据经验判断,这是一只东北虎闯进了放牛场。根据吉林省的相关规定,李冬伟家可以获得一笔补偿。

  事发第二天,林业部门的工作人员到现场做鉴定。途中,30米宽、齐胸深的珲春河挡住了一行人的去路。正在大家一筹莫展时,28岁的李冬伟说,他可以先过去看看。

  “当时就想着千万别让相机进了水。”李冬伟一只手举着相机,慢慢游向对岸,顺利拍完了现场照片。

  这一次经历,让李冬伟在林业部门工作人员心中留下了深刻印象。2012年,山林里长大、身体素质好又喜爱野生动物的李冬伟,成了林业部门的志愿者,开始了上山巡虎的工作。

  李冬伟说,牛被老虎吃了,造成了损失,有的老百姓是有点恨老虎的,但他觉得这里本来就是野生动物的家园,“牛闯进老虎的领地被吃了,也是很正常的。”

  In 2015, Hunchun Forestry Bureau established a patrol team, and Li Dongwei joined it smoothly and became the captain.

meet the tiger

  The tiger once preyed successfully 1 meter behind him

  "There is a proverb in India: when you see a tiger for the first time, it has already stared at you a hundred times." Talking about his mountain patrol experience, Li Dongwei said that under natural conditions, he was only 1 meter away from the tiger.

  In July 2016, according to the monitoring needs, they needed to try to photograph the patterns on both sides of the tigers to determine which one was moving in the nearby jungle.

After 8 p.m., it was already dark. Li Dongwei and his teammates tied up an infrared camera in the woods and placed a chicken where the camera could capture it.

  "I turned around and took a step, and before the second step was taken, I heard the sound of a tiger following the wind." Li Dongwei recalled the scene at that time, still having lingering fears.

He said that when he looked back, he saw the tiger with the chicken in his mouth, and had turned and got into the woods beside him.

  "Maybe when I got off the car, the tiger was staring in the grass next to me. After I tied up and left, it came out immediately, and it was very light and smooth." Li Dongwei said bluntly, at that moment, he saw The tiger, in fact, has no chance to be afraid, and knows that it is safe to see it take its food in one go.

"It was only later analyzed that the tiger may have stared at me for a long time, and it was a little creepy."

  However, what frightened Li Dongwei the most was the first time he took a picture of a tiger. "I was so happy that I cried out on the spot when I photographed a tiger, and then I broke out in a cold sweat when I looked at the time."

  It was an afternoon in October 2013, and someone called Li Dongwei and told him that there was a Siberian tiger nearby.

"At that time, there was very little information about tigers. It was still a weekend, and other colleagues were not there." Li Dongwei said that because he was eager to photograph tigers, he took an infrared camera and went up the mountain alone.

  After 4 p.m., it was already dark. After judging the possible path of the tiger, he began to clear the bushes and set up infrared cameras.

After finishing the installation at 6 o'clock in the evening, I went down the mountain, and it was already 8:30 pm when I got home.

  "After watching the shooting video, I felt very scary." Two and a half months later, Li Dongwei went to get the camera and found that a total of 11 videos were taken, of which 7 were of tigers. "Tigers entered within 5 minutes of my leaving. The picture is over, sniffing my scent one by one on the branches."

  This tiger, first photographed by the scientific research team, is the first tiger mother in the Siberian tiger family photographed in China.

"We filmed it a few months late." Li Dongwei said that the tiger mother was with 3 cubs at the time and was breastfeeding and was very aggressive.

"When I set up the camera, it was already looking at me not far away, and now I feel scared when I think about it."

为虎清道

  仍会义无反顾保护野生动物

  李冬伟的巡护队,巡护范围超600平方公里,他们将其划分成了2(公里)×2(公里)的网格,每次上山严格按照网格走,在两点之间走直线。“遇到山我们就爬过去,一天可能会爬十几次山头,每天就是不停地上山、下山,身体素质不好的人根本干不下去。”

  李冬伟认为,网格巡护的方法,阻断了大家挑缓坡路走的“偷懒”心思,直线行进能更高效完成清山清套任务。“我们现在每天的标配是5小时以上,在山上步行得有8公里以上的路程。”李冬伟介绍,来来回回有许多人加入巡护队,但很多人因体力不支而退出,现在巡护队队员中不乏90后的身影,他们在雪地中深一脚浅一脚,将足迹布满整个陡坡。

  “现在不敢答应孩子任何事情。”谈及护林清山与家庭之间的平衡,李冬伟眼神里透露出惭愧,这份工作让他缺失了许多陪伴孩子成长的时间。有一年六一儿童节,他答应了要带儿子去公园玩,出门的时候突然接到巡护电话,无奈之下他只有带着儿子去巡山。“虽然也算是陪孩子以特别的方式过了节日,但这件事对我触动挺大的,不希望自己在孩子面前是个不遵守约定的父亲。”

  家中的一儿一女,基本上都是李冬伟的妻子照顾着,她说,早些时候的确有些不理解丈夫这又苦又累的工作,但是后来见着他拍到老虎后眼神中放光的兴奋,自己也会跟着开心。李冬伟谈到,有时妻子生病了还要照顾孩子,“她肯定会抱怨啊,但我也会送她一些小首饰什么的,好好哄哄她。”

  “人这辈子其实挺短暂的。”李冬伟迷茫的时候也会思考,从10年前什么都不懂,到现在被大家称为“土专家”,自己似乎也算前进了一大步。严寒环境、透支体力、责任担当……李冬伟每次面对周遭的困难都是咬咬牙,顶着压力扛过去,“刚入行时一分钱工资没有,现在一个月能拿2500元。东北虎豹国家公园成立了,一切都在好起来。”

  “如果重新来一次,我还会坚持当初的选择。”李冬伟说,现在他们正努力完成清山清套任务,清除老虎回归道路上的一切障碍,让众山皆有虎的日子早些到来。