China News Service, Xi'an, January 24 (Reporter Alina) The reporter learned from the press conference on the second important new archaeological discoveries in Shaanxi on the 24th that archaeological excavations have clarified the construction and destruction process of the east gate of the outer city of Qin Shi Huang's cemetery.
Judging from the presence of red-burned soil and carbon debris, the destruction of the city gate was related to fire, and was later destroyed by running water to form a natural gully.
Coarse compaction accumulation.
Photo courtesy of Qin Shi Huang's Mausoleum Museum
The Mausoleum of the First Emperor of Qin is located at the northern foot of Mount Li, with a large scale and rich burials.
According to reports, after 60 years of archaeological work, the structure and layout of the Qin Shi Emperor's cemetery have been basically figured out. Outside the cemetery, a large number of burial pits, burial tombs, and related relics left during the construction of the mausoleum have also been found.
Qin Shi Huang's cemetery (photographed from north to south).
Photo courtesy of Qin Shi Huang's Mausoleum Museum
The ruins of the east gate of the outer city are located about 200 meters east of Fengtu.
Since 1962, archaeologists have carried out a large number of archaeological investigations and exploration work on the site of the East Gate of the Outer City Wall, and have a preliminary understanding of its scale. They have roughly determined that the East Gate Site of the Outer City Wall is a rectangle in plane, 77 meters long from north to south, and 22.4 meters wide from east to west. meters, but the understanding of the number of doorways and building structure is not clear.
Fine tamping tool imprints.
Photo courtesy of Qin Shi Huang's Mausoleum Museum
In order to provide reliable information for the restoration of the display and restoration of the outer city walls of the Qin Shi Emperor's cemetery, and to promote the archaeological research of the Qin Shi Emperor's cemetery, in 2021, the Qin Shi Emperor Mausoleum Museum conducted an archaeological excavation of the site of the east gate of the outer city of the Qin Shi Emperor's cemetery.
There are 30 exploration parties in this excavation, and the actual excavation area is 1,000 square meters (about one-half of the site).
The excavation panorama of the ruins of the east gate of the outer city of the Qin Shi Emperor's cemetery.
Photo courtesy of Qin Shi Huang's Mausoleum Museum
The stratum relationship of the East Gate site of the Outer City is simple. Except for 7 natural gullies, 3 modern artificial ditches, 1 modern sewage ditch, 4 modern tombs and 1 modern ash pit, the rammed earth platform foundation of the East Gate of the Outer City is mainly found. , 1 doorway remains, and buildings such as tiles and braised earth are piled up.
5 pieces of stone building materials, 1 piece of iron, 1 piece of Qianlong Tongbao, and 1 piece of copper coins of the Republic of China were unearthed.
Tiles piled up at the doorway.
Photo courtesy of Qin Shi Huang's Mausoleum Museum
Experts said that through archaeological excavations, the scale, shape and basic structure of the ruins of the east gate of the outer city of the cemetery of the first emperor of Qin have been clarified.
It is determined that the east gate of the outer city belongs to the rammed earth platform-based building, which is a gate structure of one gate and one gate.
There are artificial stone building materials on the edge of the doorway and the corners of the high platform platform, and the remains of pillar holes.
Doorways and their stone components.
Photo courtesy of Qin Shi Huang's Mausoleum Museum
This excavation clarified the construction and destruction process of the east gate of the outer city of the Qin Shi Emperor's cemetery.
According to the relationship of the stratum accumulation, it can be determined that the large foundation pit is first excavated at the Dongmen Gate site, and then the fine ramming is carried out in the pit;
On the foundation of the rammed earth, the construction of the wall and auxiliary buildings is carried out.
Judging from the presence of red-burned soil and carbon debris, the destruction of the city gate was related to fire, and was later destroyed by running water to form a natural gully.
The excavation of the stone pillar foundation.
Photo courtesy of Qin Shi Huang's Mausoleum Museum
According to reports, the cemetery of Emperor Qin Shihuang has the significance of linking the previous and the next, and is an important node in the history of the Chinese mausoleum system.
This excavation provides important data for the understanding and research of the scale, grade and layout of the mausoleum of the first emperor of Qin, as well as the understanding and research of the ancient Chinese mausoleum system and the history of Chinese architecture.
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