• The keys to COP26 What does the agreement reached at the Climate Summit mean?

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Defenders and detractors of the final COP26 agreement agree on at least one point: the

need to "go beyond Glasgow"

and move towards a more drastic reduction in emissions in this decade to really keep the goal of a maximum increase in global temperature of 1.5 degrees at the end of the century (compared to the one at the beginning of the industrial age).

In a triumphalist tone, and at a press conference from Downing Street, Boris Johnson declared on Sunday afternoon that the world "is moving unequivocally in the right direction" and assured that the Glasgow Climate Pact will be remembered as "the beginning of the end of coal. It is his death sentence, "he reiterated.

The

premier dusted

off the last minute maneuver by India and China to replace the word "eliminate" with "phasing out" coal-fired power plants, claiming that

"no country can be forced to sign what it does not want"

and that " that's how diplomacy works

.

"

He admitted, however, that his positive reaction to the achievements in methane dedorestation and emissions was "tinged with disappointment" in light of the evidence that "now it is up to the countries to raise their commitments."

The president of COP26, Alok Sharma, appeared alongside Johnson, who on Saturday choked on the microphones before the eventful end and this Sunday warned that vulnerable countries have taken note of the attitude of the world's first and third CO2 emitter.

Sharma himself stressed, however, that

at the beginning of the summit "no one thought that it would be possible to include coal"

and acknowledged that he came to think that it would not be possible to reach an agreement, due to the north / south frictions that emerged at the end. hour on behalf of the "damages" to the most vulnerable countries.


In a previous appearance, the president of COP26 stressed that

the 1.5 degree objective is still alive

but with a "weak pulse", with the hope of something like assisted respiration at COP27 that Egypt will host in 2022, where it will be he hopes that developing countries will be able to play on their own turf and solve Glasgow's unfinished business, of which there are many.

From the commitment of rich countries to provide $ 100 billion a year in international financing for climate action, to the tacit recognition of compensation for "damages" to vulnerable countries, to more ambitious and alienated national plans with a global cut of emissions of 45% in this decade and by a renewed determination to go beyond the "phase-out" of coal and "inefficient" subsidies to fossil fuels (as contained in the Glasgow Climate Pact after the intense struggle final).

Frans Timmermans shows the photo of Kees, his one-year-old grandsonREUTERS

"This does not stop here, it has only just begun,"

declared hotly Frans Timmermans, the vice president of the European Commission who at the last moment launched his accusing finger against India and China for softening the reference to fossil fuels as much as possible: "Don't kill this moment!"


Faced with criticism of the EU for its lack of visibility in Glasgow, Timmermans raised the emotional bar in the last act by showing the public on his mobile the photo of his grandson Kees:

"He will be 31 years old in 2050 and I want him to live in a livable world If we fail in the next few years, he

will have to fight for water and food. That is the cruel reality we face. "

"We are sinking"


The other blow of scene in the last act was carried out by Simon Kafe, the foreign minister of the tiny Pacific country of Tuvalu, perfectly dressed and with water up to his knees in the dramatic video with which he addressed the plenary: "We we are sinking. This is a real-life image facing the countries of the island nations. For us, climate change is a question of survival. "

Simon Kofe, Foreign Minister of Tuvalu, recorded a message in the water @ achandftv

As in the Paris Agreement, the voice of the island states resounded at the "moment of truth."

The battle on that occasion was the 1.5 degree barrier;

this time they waved the banner of

"climate justice", seen by environmental groups as one of the lost battles in Glasgow.


"Rich countries will not pay their historic climate debt and leaders have failed to 'phase out' fossil fuels," said Rachel Kennerley, international campaign manager for Friends of the Earth.

"The road to 1.5 degrees is more difficult after Glasgow, when it should have served to make it easier."


"The agreement is unsatisfactory, the commitments remain insufficient and do not prevent the worst effects of climate change," warned Florent Marcellesi, co-spokesperson for Verde EQUO.

"At the same time, and thanks to the pressure of the youth, the Glasgow Pact keeps alive the flame of greater climate ambition in line with the Paris Agreement.

To be credible and arrive on time, every country - including Spain - must move urgently from promises to deeds. "

Chinese Climate Delegate Xie Zhenhua with US Special Envoy John Kerry GETTY


For Laurence Tubiana, architect of the Paris Agreement and now head of the European Climate Foundation, Glasgow leaves an ambivalent feeling: "Despite the Covid crisis, action has accelerated, the pothole has been cut to 1.5 degrees and coal is finally in the text. But there is much more to do, the first week's announcements must be translated into real policies and oil and gas must finally be tackled. "


For Asad Rehman, at the head of the COP26 coalition that gathered more than 100,000 protesters in the streets of Glasgow, the agreement is nevertheless "an absolute betrayal" for the people and "a greenwashing operation by the British Government and rich countries. ".

"It is immoral that the future of our children and grandchildren is being talked about here when the children of the global south are suffering now," Rehman said.

"The COP has failed to keep the aspiration of 1.5 degrees alive and has paved the way to 2.5 degrees."


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