China News Service, Jinan, November 2 (Zhao Xiao) According to the news of the Jinan Archaeological Research Institute on November 2, an ancient cemetery excavated by the institute has been successfully completed recently. A total of 29 excavations in the late Eastern Han, Jin and Yuan periods have been successfully completed. More than 90 pieces (groups) of cultural relics were unearthed from tombs in the Qing Dynasty.
Among them, the more important discovery is the unearthed more than 10 pattern bricks and portrait bricks with different patterns in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, which are rare in Shandong during the same period.
According to Cao Shuai, the executive leader of the archaeological excavation, the archaeological excavation was carried out to cooperate with the land transfer project of Yingcheng, Laiwu District, Jinan City. The excavation time was from mid-August to late October 2021 and lasted more than two months.
More than 90 pieces (groups) of unearthed complete and recoverable artifacts mainly include earthenware pots, earthenware pots, porcelain pots, porcelain bowls, porcelain plates, copper coins, etc.
"What surprises us most is that more than 10 patterned bricks with different patterns, portrait bricks and 6 tombs with stacked dome roofs in stone chambers of the Jin and Yuan Dynasties were unearthed in the late Eastern Han Dynasty."
There are many patterns of tomb bricks.
Photo courtesy of Jinan Archaeological Research Institute
Cao Shuai said that the patterns of the tomb bricks unearthed from the tombs of the late Eastern Han Dynasty showed sun patterns, rhombus patterns, cirrus patterns, and pattern patterns. The portrait bricks included travel pictures of carriages and horses, pavilions, and astrological pictures. There were many patterns of tomb bricks.
It is the first time to pave the ground with patterned bricks in Jinan, which provides important materials for studying the brick industry in Jinan during the Eastern Han Dynasty.
"Some of the portrait tiles are printed with the moon and the Big Dipper, and even the image of the jade rabbit can be seen in the moon. It can be seen that there are legends about the moon palace as early as the Eastern Han Dynasty."
Archaeologists introduced the characteristics of Han bricks to media reporters.
Photo courtesy of Jinan Archaeological Research Institute
In addition, archaeologists also excavated 6 tombs with stacked dome-topped stone chambers during the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, consisting of tomb passages, closed doors, and tomb chambers.
"Except for a small amount of blue bricks on the top and at the door, the tomb is made of white stones stacked on top of each other. The tombs are arranged in an orderly manner. It is suspected to be a family cemetery." Cao Shuai said that they suspected that these stones were probably taken from nearby. In the river channel, the owner of the tomb is relatively wealthy and can use a certain amount of manpower and material resources.
During the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, the stone chamber is stacked with a domed dome tomb.
Photo courtesy of Jinan Archaeological Research Institute
Li Ming, president of the Jinan Archaeological Research Institute, said that the excavation of the land transfer project in Yingcheng revealed the historical features of the burial system in Laiwu, Jinan, and enriched the burial materials from the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty in Jinan. Funeral customs and social and historical research provide new materials.
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