What are the side effects of the third dose of the Covid vaccine?

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The hypothesis of

.

For now in Italy the booster, with mRna vaccines, is reserved, in order of priority, for immunosuppressed people, over 80, residents of residences, health personnel, over 60 and people with previous pathologies.

Ilaria Capua, director of the UF One Health Center at the University of Florida, who has also received the booster vaccine, assures: "To the people who will now be vaccinated, know that they can do it."

Israeli data

Therefore, even after the third dose, slight discomfort is possible.

In fact, according to data released October 1 by the Israeli Health Ministry, the effects are "significantly lighter" than those of the first two injections.

The most common symptom is

, detected in 86.6 people per million versus 271.8 and 251.1 per million after the second and first doses, respectively.

affected 42.7 people per million in the third dose, compared to 222.9 and 514.3 in the second and first.

The data refer to approximately three million who have received the booster dose.

There were only 19 serious disorders but the possible link to the vaccine is still being evaluated.

The Israeli Health Ministry states that "side effects were found after the third dose in a small percentage of adults aged 60 years and older and are consistent with those seen after the first two doses or other vaccinations; they generally include

. "

Within 48 hours of vaccination

The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) also examined the side effects of the third dose of the vaccine and concluded, in a report published on September 28, that they are similar to those seen after the other doses. CDC experts say

.

As with the first doses, symptoms appeared within 48 hours of vaccination. The analysis was conducted on more than 2,200,000 Americans who had received the third dose as of Sept. 19. About 22,000 voluntarily responded to a questionnaire: 28% had problems the day after vaccination. The most frequent symptom was

, noted in 71% of the cases. 56% reported

, 43.4% reported

. 7% had

. 2% needed medical assistance and 13 people were hospitalized.

The percentages are in line with those corresponding to the second dose of vaccine.

, also because for the moment the booster has been offered only to the older age groups (in the US, those over 65 and people with previous pathologies) whereas post-vaccine heart problems (very rare and not serious) have mainly affected young people.

Third dose and booster

According to several studies, the effectiveness of vaccines begins to decline between 6 and 9 months after the last injection.

But for immunosuppressed people, protection fails much sooner.

That is why a distinction was made between "third dose" and "booster": the third dose can be given

and is intended to complete the vaccination cycle in people who have not responded effectively to the first two injections.

The boost, on the other hand, can be carried out

and aims to reactivate the production of antibodies.

95% effective

In fact, according to a study published in recent days in the

, the efficacy of the third dose of Pfizer is 95.6%, with 5 cases of infection in the vaccinated group, compared to 109 infections in the placebo group.

The trial results were presented to the American Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Advisory Committee and neutralizing antibodies were found to be high against all variants, including Beta and Delta.

In addition,

.

A fifth of the study participants were over 65, a category with the highest risk of

severe

.

The effectiveness numbers refer

: the ability of vaccines to combat deaths and hospitalizations is greater than 90% (and close to 100%) in each analysis even with only two doses of vaccine, but

, especially in the most exposed categories, so the third dose is useful.

For Moderna, half a dose is enough

Recently, the European Medicines Agency

to the administration of the third dose

in people over 18 years of age.

For the booster dose (which should be done 6 to 8 months after the second dose),

.

Available data, says the EMA, indicates that the risks of side effects after the third dose are similar to those seen after the second.

Previously, the Agency had already given the

for the administration of the third dose of the

, six months after the second dose.

In addition, the EMA noted that a third dose of both vaccines can be given to people with severe immune system deficiencies 28 days after the second.

According to the criteria of The Trust Project

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