Is it "speaking out of righteousness" or "venting private anger",


over 70% of the interviewed college students believe they are affected by cyber violence

  Hu Ying's social media "exploded"-more than 200 unprecedented comments were listed in the comment area, and one after another attack and abuse made her breathless.

This is because she published a news commenting on a hot online event. Because the topic is hot, some netizens "rushed into" her account and either commented or privately sent a message. Only a few netizens who disagreed expressed their opinions more rationally. , Most of them scolded her bluntly.

  As a graduate student majoring in law at a university in Beijing, Li Zhiwei has always been very concerned about issues related to cyber violence.

Although he has not personally been exposed to online violence, he was deeply impressed by multiple public opinion incidents.

"Take the case of a person infected with new crown pneumonia being violently attacked by cybercrime due to their transfer schedule. Although the media has repeatedly called for a rational approach, the tentacles of cyber violence are still as difficult to eliminate as a chronic disease."

  Cyber ​​violence, as "soft violence" different from actual violence, refers to publishing offensive and insulting remarks, pictures, and videos on the Internet, exposing the privacy of the parties through human flesh searches, and making preconceived moral judgments on unverified information , And even intervene in reality and infringe on the personality rights of the parties involved.

  As aborigines of the Internet, college students are more directly and profoundly affected by the whirlpool of cyber violence.

In order to understand the attitudes and views of young people on online violence, China Youth Daily·China Youth School Media launched a questionnaire survey for college students across the country, and collected 2,397 valid questionnaires from 107 colleges and universities.

The results showed that 88.44% of the interviewees believed that online violence was an irrational behavior caused by a group of people participating in the fun. 50.02% of the interviewees said it was an outlet for the group to vent their anger, and 14.27% of the interviewees believed that online violence was done by netizens. Efforts to achieve justice.

In addition, 20.82% of respondents believe that they will be largely affected by cyber violence, including emotions and ways of speaking.

56.70% of respondents believe that they will be partially affected, such as affecting their judgment on the event.

In addition, 22.48% of the respondents believed that they would basically not be affected by cyber violence.

The "blade" hidden under the keyboard

  In a third-year "Media Literacy" class, Li Hao told his teachers and classmates about his experience of online violence in high school.

Because he bluntly expressed his contempt for cheating in exams on social platforms, and hoped that the school will be serious about exam discipline, Li Hao fell into a nightmare of being "attacked by the Internet".

Soon, there were more than a thousand more unintelligible comments on his social media account.

Some people say that he doesn't leave a way for students with poor grades, and some people abuse him with swear words.

Not only that, his mobile phone number, home and address were also "exposed", and some netizens threatened to go to the school to settle accounts with him.

"For the next week, whether during the day or in the middle of the night, my mobile phone was not interrupted, and I came to scold me as soon as I answered it. Many people who leave abuse are not even students in our school, and some IDs show that they are from surrounding cities. ."He said.

  "If you want cyber violence alone, just spend some money." Zhan Shiyan, who studies journalism at a university in Shanghai, hates cyber violence.

In the experience of friends suffering from online violence, she discovered: "Ordinary people can also initiate an online violence in an organized and planned way." Zhan Shiyan briefly explained the organization process of a small online violence.

Zhan Shiyan said that this was an unwarranted disaster for her friends. “Fortunately, my friend was not overwhelmed by insults, and rationally chose to call the police. The perpetrators of the cyber violence also apologized and compensated her.”

  Chaolu, who is studying literature at a university in Henan, has also been following various cyber violence incidents.

During the 2020 Tokyo Olympics, shooting athlete Wang Luyao posted a selfie online after losing in the women's 10-meter air rifle competition, but unexpectedly encountered a cyber attack.

"Because of a selfie, she suffered a serious attack. This makes me feel unbelievable." Chaolu and her roommate went to the relevant Super Talk to post together to call on everyone to look at the incident rationally, but with little effect.

"Generally, there are'big V'posts in similar incidents, which have a considerable number of fans and traffic. In contrast, I feel that I am weak." Although the entire incident did not last more than a day, it was still given to Chaolu. Left a deep impression.

  In Li Zhiwei's view, the nature of cyber violence is an offensive behavior, "may involve infringements, serious or even crimes." Li Zhiwei understands that cyber violence perpetrators use the invisibility of the Internet to attack public figures, amateurs, and even people on the Internet. Defamation and threats by minors.

In addition, cyber violence is often accompanied by malicious attacks, which is an extension of social violence on the Internet.

  Hu Ying has also seen her friends initiate language struggles with their "counterpartners" on the Internet for their favorite artists, "two groups of children violent each other."

"The cyberspace is too hostile, and some netizens want to'fire guns' when they see everything." According to the China Youth School Media Survey, 85.48% of college students surveyed believe that cyber violence will cause mental and emotional damage to the person involved, and 79.22% of the respondents believe that Cyber ​​violence constitutes infringement on the parties concerned.

When talking about the impact of online violence, confusion of right and wrong (76.3%), damage to the moral values ​​of netizens (71.13%), and increasing hostility in the online environment (69.55%) are the most important impacts considered by the interviewees.

Behind the "blind standing in line" is the illusion that "the law does not blame the public"

  "Why do they say that?" Being insulted by nearly 200 people made Hu Ying uncomfortable seeing the social software.

She uninstalled the software, told herself that she "did not see the heart" and "focus on other things", only to be relieved from the bad mood a few days later.

But this incident became a hurdle in her heart.

"I know that some people just want to vent their emotions. Anyway, posting is anonymous." She even found that some netizens' comments on hot events not only do not justify the matter, but also add their own deductions. Into a sensational rumor.

  In Chao Lu's view, cyberspace is highly free and tolerant. “You can post at will, and you don’t need to be responsible for the content of comments and posts. This has led to many people expressing unscrupulously.” In addition, “about the incident.” Incomplete understanding, partial generalization, and out-of-context are also possible reasons for online violence."

  Scholar Jiang Fangbing analyzed the root causes of cyber violence in the article ""Internet Violence": Concepts, Roots and Responses-Based on the Perspective of Risk Society Analysis", and stated that the risk characteristics of cyber technology are the potential root causes of cyber violence.

On the one hand, the network interaction space constructed with the help of virtual technology provides a field of public opinion with diverse subjects and decentralized responsibilities for the generation of cyber violence; on the other hand, the Internet is an information production and reproduction system, and the massive amount of information in it has strengthened The risk perception of online audiences.

  In the process of learning the "Media Literacy" course, Li Hao discovered that everyone is a communication center. The more people see things that are not in line with their values, the more people tend to comment or even abuse them.

  Li Zhiwei believes that the social environment, the network environment, and the psychology of netizens are the main causes of online violence.

"The relatively free and hidden online platform provides a catharsis for this group of people. The social supervision and self-monitoring of the online environment are relatively weak, and the communicator has less sense of responsibility and criminality, so it is more difficult to control speech. Some media platforms are more difficult to control. The so-called drainage, deliberately inciting war, creates opposition and tears. In addition, netizens’ curious and entertaining psychology, blind obedience and catharsis and other psychological factors are also important reasons that may lead to online violence."

  Li Hao has seen many accounts spread unverified information wantonly.

"They sometimes incited public opinion in the wrong direction just to attract attention, and led many netizens to participate in cyber violence. In this way, the'rhythmic' behavior without any investigation and verification should be punished." Li Hao said.

  Scholar Jiang Fangbing said that the disorderly release of risks in the process of social transformation is the real cause of online violence, and the structural characteristics of the younger netizens and the pan-ethical cultural psychology are important factors that promote online violence.

The China Youth School Media Survey found that 78.56% of the interviewed college students believed that netizens’ lack of media literacy and unclear understanding of things led to the growth of online violence, lack of moral and legal restraints (76.43%), and venting of private anger (73.09%). Inadequate network supervision (59.66%) is also an important cause behind the cyber violence.

Over 90% of college students interviewed are willing to "let the bullet fly a little longer"

  After the online violence incident, the potential impact on individuals and the entire society worries Li Zhiwei.

"For individuals, everyone is likely to become a victim of cyber violence; for the whole society, if cyber violence is not restrained, it may undermine public rules and break the moral bottom line."

  There are many negative effects brought about by cyber violence. Among them, it is confusing right from wrong, making it difficult to distinguish the truth from the false, and to a certain extent affects the moral values ​​of netizens. This is what Chao Lu feels most worrying about.

"The malformed values ​​exported under cyber violence incidents may lead to blind obedience of some people, and have a great impact on netizens, especially minor netizens."

  Hu Ying feels that the cyberspace is open and anyone can express their opinions. This is a good thing, and that more people's voices can be heard.

"But once someone starts to join the controversy in an unhealthy way, everyone finds that the cost of venting in this space is very low, and it evolves into cyber violence, which is not conducive to the formation of a healthy cyberspace."

  Hu Ying once took courses related to "Media Literacy" in school.

"Most of the time, our understanding of an event is one-sided, and the event is changing. Our understanding of the event often advances as the media spreads. Therefore, as a netizen, we should have rational thinking. Knowing that what we have heard and seen is incomplete, and when we express our opinions, we should speak out rationally on the facts instead of just pursuing temporary emotional catharsis."

  "It is very difficult to prove that you have not done something." Zhan Shiyan hopes that netizens can think rationally about the origins and evidence of the incident before conducting "cloud judgment", which is what netizens often call "real hammer". It's like the six in the movie "Let the Bullets Fly" were slandered, "I ate two bowls of noodles, but only paid for one bowl of noodles."

  The China Youth School Media Survey found that 90.53% of the college students interviewed said that they would help eliminate online violence by "understanding in detail, rationally analyzing, and not following the trend when encountering incidents", and 77.89% would mobilize their friends to refuse together. Cyber ​​violence.

In order to avoid being invisibly influenced by the comments of others, whenever there is a hot event, Chaolu always inquires the relevant information and understands the original situation.

“Only when you have a comprehensive understanding can you improve your own opinions, and will not be affected by some seemingly correct opinions.” In the face of cyber violence, Li Zhiwei also believes that college students should strive to improve their personal qualities, enhance their ability to distinguish right from wrong, and not follow blindly. , Do not stand in line, do not be the initiator of cyber violence.

  Although "deeply hurt", Li Hao still looks forward to communicating ideas with more peers through the Internet.

Therefore, Li Hao still expresses his views on certain events on the Internet platform. If someone scolds him, he will use logic and reason to communicate with the other party.

  “If you are a victim of cyber violence, you must learn to relieve yourself of pressure and seek outside help if necessary.” As a law student, Li Zhiwei hopes that he can help victims of cyber violence through professional means. “We must work hard to improve legal literacy. When encountering cyber violence, actively use legal weapons to protect their legal rights and interests.” In addition, Li Zhiwei felt that college students should strengthen their own ability to distinguish right from wrong, and refrain from infringing on the rights of others and illegal crimes.

  The survey results show that 86.07% of the interviewed college students hope to carry out media literacy education for young people from an early age to enhance independent thinking and rational expression; 83.44% hope to introduce corresponding regulations and systems to formulate clear judgments and punishment standards for online violence; 73.8% It is expected that the network platform will conduct certain regulations and deal with cyber violence.

  In Chao Lu's view, as a college student, his abilities are limited, but he must start from himself and consciously resist cyber violence.

In addition to using his professional expertise, Chao Lu also reminds himself at all times to maintain a clear stand and not to blindly follow or follow the trend.

"We should also learn not to be silent people." Chao Lu felt that although his power alone is small, "but the gathering of countless drops of water is the ocean."

She hopes that college students can take a positive view when encountering similar incidents and distinguish right from wrong.

  (At the request of the interviewee, Chaolu, Zhan Shiyan, and Li Hao are pseudonyms in the article.)

  China Youth Daily·China Youth Daily reporter Luo Xicheng Si Bi Ruoxu Source: China Youth Daily