How to manage the unhealthy social behaviors of minors on the Internet
Indulge in "rice circle" mutual verbal abuse and join the "dark world" friend-seeking battle
● The chaos of “fan circle” such as volume control reviews, group confrontation, and mutual verbal abuse has aroused social attention, and minors’ bad online social behaviors and cultural problems are not limited to the “fan circle”
● Regarding bad social behaviors and online subcultures, there is currently no precise definition of concepts, and the object of governance is not clear, which has become a difficult point in current governance
● In order to create a clear and clean network environment, relevant government departments, Internet platforms, schools, parents and minors themselves need to work together
□ Our newspaper trainee reporter Sun Tianjiao
□ Our reporter Chen Lei
"Click on this link, and you should scold the report."
"This person just scolded Brother ××, go and rush him!"
"Her homepage has her own photo, as well as her own school. Let's go to the school's official account and scan the news of her expulsion!"
...
In the endless wave of Internet information, the above-mentioned conversations occur almost every day.
In recent years, with the rapid development of online social platforms, it has become the norm for minors to conduct social activities through the Internet.
However, due to the existence of some circles that are extremely attractive to minors, minors are used or induced to engage in abuse, bullying, and online violence on online social platforms.
A number of experts interviewed by reporters from the Rule of Law Daily believe that online subcultures and unhealthy social circles have a negative impact on the values and social behaviors of minors. In severe cases, they may even induce crime, and it is urgent to strengthen governance.
It is recommended that relevant government departments and Internet platforms work together to create a good online environment for minors; schools and parents should strengthen positive guidance and supplement the lesson of rule of law education; minors themselves should also actively cultivate healthy and beneficial hobbies. Stay away from vulgar internet culture.
Frequent scolding wars in the rice circle
Organize fans to charge into battle
14-year-old Xiao Lei (pseudonym) is a second-year student in Tianjin and a "loyal fan" of a male celebrity.
Since watching the TV series starring the male star in the fifth grade of elementary school, Xiao Lei has fallen in love with the male star.
She follows all the social platform accounts of the male celebrity, frequently surfs the Internet to collect relevant news and videos, and often praises the male celebrity with related topics on her social media.
Over time, she got to know more and more "comrades in the same way", followed a large number of fan support accounts and "big fans" (referring to those who have the right to speak and have a large number of fans), and joined a variety of Group.
"In addition to the basic information group and chat group, there are also a control group that is responsible for posting copywriting in comments, a data group that specializes in data, and an anti-triad group that specializes in reporting slander speech." Xiao Lei said, these groups are like There are many people who are still in middle school, including her classmates, and the youngest fan in the group is still in elementary school.
Xiao Lei told reporters that in the "fan circle" (referring to the fan circle), a single person can only be regarded as a marginal fan.
They call this kind of people "loose fans" and "passenger fans", and the real core fans want to join various groups to "contribute" to their idols, such as spending money to buy various endorsement products, magazines, or being in celebrities. When he was hacked, he "charged into battle."
In most cases, Xiao Lei's "charge into battle" is to scold the fans of the opposing celebrity.
Two days ago, because a fan of a male celebrity said bad things about his male celebrity, under the leadership of several group owners and "big fans", Xiao Lei and other fans not only went to that fan’s account to insult and report The account also went to the fan-favored male celebrity "Super Talk" and Weibo to use copywriting with insulting vocabulary and ugly pictures of male celebrities to swipe the screen.
Xiao Lei is already familiar with such scolding wars and disputes: "Almost three days a small quarrel, ten days a big quarrel."
In most cases, Xiao Lei thinks that the behavior of fans is normal, because "others always come first to provoke our brother."
But sometimes, the foul language in the scolding battle makes Xiao Lei unbearable.
Once, a fan took a photo of the other party into a posthumous photo, cursing her family and even children. This practice made her feel very uncomfortable for several days.
Although Xiaolei sometimes disagrees with some of the "big fans" remarks, she will still like and repost and comment on those remarks under the call of the fan group owner. "Because the link is posted in the group, you must check in as required. If you don’t check in, you may be kicked out of the group."
At the end of the interview, Xiao Lei repeatedly emphasized to reporters that she must protect her privacy.
"If I let other fans know, I will definitely be attacked, and they know some of my true information, I'm afraid they will hurt me in real life."
Like Xiao Lei, there are not many minors who are addicted to star chasing.
Ms. Wang, the second-year class teacher of a middle school in Beijing, told reporters that there are 40 students in her class, and nearly three-quarters of them have star-chasing behaviors. Some students have also joined the fan group. Good-looking and disputes occurred.
In order to understand the students' thinking dynamics, Teacher Wang will often open their "circle of friends".
Sometimes, female students invent new albums or new drama posters of stars in the "Circle of Friends". If a classmate posts doubts or disapproval comments underneath, most of them will just go back and speak mercilessly.
Bad social affects the body and mind
Vulgar culture urgently needs to be governed
In recent years, the chaos of “rice circle” such as volume control, group confrontation, and mutual verbal abuse has aroused social attention, and the bad social behaviors and cultural problems of minors on the Internet are not limited to the “rice circle”.
In February 2018, minor Lu had a dispute with the other party because he suspected that the other party had copied his original dance video. He gathered members of his online social group and abused each other online, and eventually developed into more than 100 offline fights. Vicious event.
In early 2021, due to a misunderstanding with her classmates, a junior high school girl in Shenzhen was abused by the "Internet navy" hired by her classmates, slandering her as "a scum girl who has had multiple boyfriends at the same time."
To protect her innocence, the girl contacted and asked to delete the post, but was asked to pay 2,200 yuan.
Although the final article was deleted, cyberbullying made her tired of studying and suffering from depression.
The reporter found that many minors have been actively involved in online verbal abuse and human flesh searches due to the influence of unhealthy social networking on the Internet, "Zuan" culture, "Black World" culture, and other youth subcultures with characteristics of online violence.
Xiao Zhang is a prospective sophomore in Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province. At the age of 16, he has been in the "black world" for 3 years.
The so-called "black world" is mostly composed of organizations (referring to families with a small number of netizens) and families (referring to large families with a large number of netizens and more family branches).
Most of these families rely on online social groups as their main contact positions. Joining a related group means joining the "black world."
After entering the family, you can make friends and recognize masters, and the most influential person in the family can act as the patriarch, ordering family members to "fight" with other families.
In the "black world" rules, the "battle" of the family is mostly embodied by "deduction".
"Deduction" means typing and swearing remarks. Whoever types the fastest, the cursing "output" makes others unable to intervene at the most, even if he wins.
Speaking of "deduction", Xiao Zhang expressed pride in his tone: "I am considered the top few of the'deduction' in our small family, and I am the main force every time I go out." According to him, "deduction" cursed people. There is no need to have logic, but there must be cursing words, "At this time, you are talking about civilization."
Xiao Zhang came into contact with the "black world" because he accidentally saw a friend request message on an online social platform. At that time, he just added a friend out of boredom, and then he was drawn into the "black world".
He said: "Now our family has more than 100 people, everyone is about the same age, the oldest is 17. Every time we compete with other families, we are fighting for our family honor!"
"I feel like a young hero in ancient times. I live in a river and lake, and my school can compete with other schools." Xiao Zhang said.
In fact, as early as August 2020, the Ministry of Education and other six departments jointly issued the "Notice on Jointly Launching Special Actions to Govern the Internet Environment for Minors", which clearly stated that it is necessary to increase the protection of "rice circle", "black world" and " "Zuan" culture and other related to the governance of minors' unhealthy online social behaviors and phenomena.
Afterwards, some online social platforms conducted a centralized investigation and cleanup.
However, reporters recently searched on some social platforms with keywords such as "black world", "extended column" (a popular term for underage online dating), and "deduction", and they can still find some personal or group "friends" information.
"It has not been affected, and the communication between families has not stopped." Xiao Zhang said.
Tian Xiangxia, deputy secretary general of the Juvenile Law Research Association of the Shanghai Law Society, said that “fan circle” culture, “zuan” culture, mutual abuse, human flesh search and other behaviors are essentially a form of cyber bullying or cyber violence, which treats minors. His values will have a negative impact, lead to serious bad behaviors, and may even induce crimes, which must be dealt with in a timely manner.
Multiple factors lead to the status quo
Online platforms bear the brunt
The "Research Report on Internet Use of Minors in China in 2020" released in July this year shows that in 2020 the number of underage Internet users in my country will reach 183 million, and the Internet penetration rate of minors is 94.9%; underage Internet users have been satirized on the Internet The proportion of abuse or abuse was 19.5%, the proportion of themselves or their relatives and friends being maliciously harassed was 7.2%, and the proportion of personal information leakage was 4.9%.
Behind the huge group of minor netizens, what cannot be ignored is the influence of minors' bad social behaviors and bad culture on the Internet.
So, where is the crux of the problem?
According to Tong Lihua, director of the Beijing Youth Legal Aid and Research Center, the first responsible party is the Internet platform.
Although many large-scale Internet platforms have established a youth model at present, the implementation effect is not satisfactory due to the insufficient content provided under this model and other reasons.
"The violent and vulgar content on the Internet platform can attract the attention of minors to a certain extent. Therefore, the biggest problem facing us at present is how to build the youth model of the Internet platform so that minors can be more Willing to use." Tong Lihua said.
He further analyzed that in the development of the youth model, in the past, the main idea of "whitelisting" was adopted, that is, only those content that is completely aimed at minors and healthy in mind can enter the youth model.
However, if the water is clear, there are no fish. Two issues should be considered in the future development thinking: First, change the "white list" to the "black list" system, and block out those content that may affect the physical and mental health of minors. This can put more content into the youth model; in addition, Internet companies must increase investment to support the creation of more content that is beneficial to the physical and mental health of minors.
In addition to the problems of the Internet platform, Tian Xiangxia believes that there is currently no precise definition of bad social behaviors and online subcultures, and the governance objects are not clear, which has become a difficult point in current governance.
Because of this, some laws and policies or related rules and regulations can't find a strong point.
In addition, Tian Xiangxia believes that many minors’ own behavioral norms lack correct guidance.
"The learning pressure of minors is very high, but there is no reasonable point of venting. If parents or teachers can't conduct emotional counseling, they can easily be induced in the process of surfing the Internet."
Multi-party governance is indispensable
Create a clean network environment
The Regulations on the Ecological Governance of Online Information Content, which came into effect on March 1, 2020, clarified that online information content service users and producers, and platforms must not engage in illegal activities such as online violence, human flesh search, deep forgery, traffic fraud, account manipulation, etc. .
The Law on the Protection of Minors emphasizes that no organization or individual may insult, slander, threaten, or maliciously damage the image of minors through the Internet in the form of text, pictures, audio and video.
In addition, the content of the code of online behavior for minors can also be found in related laws and regulations such as the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency Law and the Regulations on the Management of Juvenile Programs.
The interviewed experts believe that in order to create a clear and clean network environment, relevant government departments, Internet platforms, schools, parents, and minors themselves need to work together.
From the perspective of government departments, Tong Lihua proposed that these Internet platforms should be urged to operate in accordance with the law, and law enforcement should be strengthened against platforms that violate laws and regulations, and those who should be punished should be severely punished.
"Compared to the healthy growth of the next generation, the economic benefits of individual platforms are absolutely secondary."
From the perspective of the Internet platform, Tong Lihua believes that a third-party evaluation of the protection of minors should be carried out as soon as possible in accordance with the requirements of the Minor Protection Law and related policies to find out its own problems.
At the same time, large-scale Internet platforms should establish a protection mechanism for minors led by the main person in charge. From the concept of product design to all business behaviors, including how to deal with minor infringements, etc., a dedicated team must be responsible. , So as to ensure that the content and services provided by the platform are conducive to the physical and mental health of minors.
Tian Xiangxia said that family and school should be the most basic link of education and guidance, and the development of minors' own behavior is the most fundamental starting point.
Parents and schools should establish positive guidance for minors, at the same time pay attention to minors’ communication habits and emotional changes, and attach importance to minors’ mental health education, so as to help minors develop correct network literacy.
At the same time, more law education should be given to students to make up for the lesson of rule of law education.
"As far as the minors themselves are concerned, on the one hand, they should consciously distinguish away from the vulgar Internet culture, and communicate with teachers and parents in time when they encounter emotional problems; on the other hand, they should actively cultivate healthy and beneficial hobbies and divert attention. When you encounter cyberbullying, be brave to report to the platform and report to your parents.” Tian Xiangxia said.
Cartography/Li Xiaojun