How much does it cost to pay the social security takeaway platform to tens of millions of takeaway boys?
On July 26, the State Administration of Market Supervision and other seven departments jointly issued the "Guiding Opinions on Implementing the Responsibilities of Online Catering Platforms and Effectively Protecting the Rights and Interests of Takeaway Food Deliverymen", which put forward requirements in seven aspects, including the labor income and social security of food delivery staff. .
Meituan's 2020 annual report disclosed: "As of the end of 2020, a total of 9.5 million takeaway riders have increased their income through the Meituan platform." And Ele.me released in April the "2020 Ele.me Blue Knight Research Report", the total number of Ele.me platform riders exceeded 3000000.
How much does it cost to pay for social insurance for so many takeaway boys?
■ The implementation of the policy to protect the rights and interests of takeaway riders
Meituan, are you hungry, should pay social insurance for the rider
In September 2020, an article entitled "Takeaway Riders, Stuck in the System" focused on the takeaway riders with high professional risk, high labor intensity, and low level of protection to the public.
In May of this year, Wang Lin, the deputy director of the Labor Relations Department of the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Human Resources and Social Security, experienced as a one-day takeaway. He only completed 5 orders in 12 hours and earned 41 yuan in meal delivery fees, which also caused heated public opinion.
Now, the protection of the rights and interests of takeaway riders ushered in a turning point.
On July 26, the seven departments jointly issued the "Guiding Opinions on Implementing the Responsibilities of Online Catering Platforms and Effectively Protecting the Rights and Interests of Food Delivery Staff" (hereinafter referred to as the "Opinions"), targeting the labor income, labor safety, food safety, and food safety of food delivery staff. Seven aspects of social security, employment environment, organization construction, and conflict resolution are required.
The "Opinions" put forward: to ensure that the normal labor income of food delivery staff is not lower than the local minimum wage standard; the "strictest algorithm" must not be used as an assessment requirement, the number of orders and other assessment elements should be reasonably determined, and the delivery time limit should be appropriately relaxed; platform and third-party cooperation The unit participates in social insurance for takeaway food delivery personnel who have established labor relations, and supports other food delivery personnel to participate in social insurance.
After the release of the "Opinions", the two major takeaway platforms Meituan and Ele.me all expressed their views.
On July 28, Meituan responded to the Red Star Capital Bureau saying that it has received and carefully studied the opinions. Next, we will resolutely implement and implement the guidance and continue to actively improve. In terms of labor security, delivery safety, rider welfare, and rider experience The promotion and other aspects effectively safeguard the rights and interests of workers, improve the level of labor security, and improve the quality of employment in the industry.
Ele.me also expressed to the Red Star Capital Bureau that it will firmly support and earnestly abide by the requirements of the "Opinions", formulate plans for rider safety, rider health, rider benefits, rider protection, etc., and actively implement it under the guidance of relevant departments.
■ Takeaway riders are not "employees"
The third-party franchisee bought accident insurance for the rider
In terms of the number of platform riders, Meituan's 2020 annual report disclosed: As of the end of 2020, a total of 9.5 million takeaway riders have increased their income through the Meituan platform.
According to the "2020 Ele.me Blue Knight Survey Report" released by Ele.me in April, the total number of Eleme platform riders exceeds 3 million.
"How much does it cost to pay for social security for 9.5 million riders and more than 3 million riders? Meituan and Are you hungry can't imagine it?" Some netizens sighed on social platforms.
In fact, the tens of millions of takeaway riders and the two platforms are not "employed".
The Red Star Capital Bureau learned that Meituan and Ele.me’s takeaway riders both adopt the two modes of "special delivery + crowdsourcing".
According to relevant sources, the special delivery rider is fulfilled through the cooperation agent franchisees, full-time delivery, and managed by the platform franchisees.
The crowdsourcing model is an open platform. After successful online registration, you can become a crowdsourcing rider. You can freely choose any platform to take orders. The labor-management relationship does not belong to any company. Orders can be taken at any time or not at all.
A franchisee who is engaged in the recruitment of Meituan and Ele.me dedicated riders told the Red Star Capital Bureau: “Because riders are too mobile, many of them only work for one or two months, so the site will only purchase accident insurance for riders. Insurance, but basically will not pay social insurance."
On the page of Meituan Delivery to recruit riders, you can also see that after becoming a dedicated rider or crowdsourced rider, you can enjoy accident insurance, etc., without mentioning the corresponding social insurance.
With the landing of the "Opinions", the situation of takeaway riders without social insurance is about to usher in a change.
The "Opinions" require that Meituan, Ele.me and third-party cooperation units participate in social insurance for takeaway riders who establish labor relations, and other takeaway riders support social insurance.
■ Brokerage research report:
Social security for takeaway riders
"Limited impact on business ecology"
At present, the guidelines have not yet been promulgated, and the impact on Meituan and Ele.me cannot be quantified for the time being.
However, the Red Star Capital Bureau roughly estimated based on existing data, how much would the platform cost if social insurance was paid for the takeaway riders?
According to data released by the Meituan Financial Report, as of the end of 2020, a total of 9.5 million takeaway riders have increased their income through the Meituan platform, but there are not so many active riders.
For data on active riders, please refer to Meituan's "2020 Rider Employment Report": "In the first half of 2020, there were 2.952 million single riders."
There are two modes for single riders, including special delivery and crowdsourcing, but Meituan has not announced the specific number of special delivery and crowdsourcing riders.
In Meituan’s "2020 Rider Employment Report", in the first half of 2020, 65.3% of the riders have an employment status of "rider is the only job", which can be used to estimate that Meituan’s dedicated riders accounted for about 60%. , Which is about 1.9 million people.
How much do these 1.9 million people spend on social security each month?
Workers in the human outsourcing industry told the Red Star Capital Bureau: “For those who have not signed a formal labor contract with the company, if they need a third-party platform to pay for social security, they generally pay social security based on the minimum payment base."
Since the social security payment base is different in each region in my country, assuming that these 1.9 million riders are all in Beijing, based on the above data, the minimum social security payment per person is 758.73 yuan per month, and 1.44 billion yuan is required to pay social security per month. If this part of the cost is made by the United States It is 17.299 billion yuan a year for the group or a third-party partner to bear it. In 2020, Meituan’s food delivery revenue will be 21.5 billion yuan.
On July 27, CITIC Securities pointed out in a research report that the supervision of riders' social security and rights protection is necessary, but the impact on the business ecology is limited.
CITIC Securities believes: “Actually, from the goal of 100 million daily takeaway orders and 1 yuan per order set by Meituan at the beginning of its listing, we have read that the company’s own takeaway business has not pursued full profitability. The UE model calculation of the takeaway business shows that the actual profitability of the business is flexible. We estimate that it is not difficult to calculate a profit of 2-3 yuan per order, but the company's 1 yuan target we believe to some extent reflects the strategy of maintaining ecological balance think."
Chengdu Commercial Daily-Red Star News Reporter
Yu Yaoqiang