Shaanxi cultural relics "grow hair", are the "babies" in Hangzhou okay?
How are the "babies" in Hangzhou?
Please rest assured, our museums in Zhejiang are quite good at dealing with the rainy weather.
Our reporter Zhang Ran Yu Wenwen Xie Chunhui Correspondent Liang Xinyun
The "First Boat in China" at the Xiaoshan Lake Crossing Bridge Museum has an independent temperature and humidity control system.
On June 15th, a piece of news about "the collection of cultural relics has grown hairy" spread in the circle of friends.
According to Red Star News, a netizen posted a Weibo. At the Qianling Museum in Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province, he saw a pottery figure and cultural relic covered with small fluff, which looked like a "golden monkey" under the light.
Netizens left messages one after another, and others analyzed from an academic point of view, "It may be that the salt in the pottery figurines has been precipitated out because of the humid environment of the showcase."
Ms. Chen, the deputy curator of Qianling Museum, confirmed that this is the case. The cultural relics have been dismantled and processed and maintained in the cultural relics restoration room.
This situation occurs because of changes in weather and temperature, and the cultural relics have salted out, showing a situation similar to the "growth" of cultural relics photographed by netizens.
After seeing this news, a netizen @钱江晚报·Hourly News wanted to ask, there are also many treasures in major museums in Hangzhou. What happened to them in such a humid and sultry yellow plum sky.
The reporter separately inquired about several major museums in Hangzhou, and the news was: Don’t worry, the baby in Hangzhou is okay.
Zhejiang Provincial Museum:
Precious exhibits during the rainy season are temporarily closed
A staff member of the Zhejiang Provincial Museum told reporters that in the rainy season, some precious exhibits in the museum, especially the collection of calligraphy and painting, will not be displayed for the time being.
"The high temperature and high humidity during the rainy season have a greater impact on the calligraphy and painting works." The staff said that the precious calligraphy and painting exhibits are stored in a dry and constant temperature warehouse.
In addition, the Zhejiang Provincial Museum will not borrow and display the calligraphy and painting exhibits in the near future.
"The environment in the warehouse is suitable, and all the collections can be kept well, and there will be no mold or soaking."
Zhejiang Natural Museum:
Dehumidifiers will be installed in the animal and plant specimen exhibition area
Many dinosaur fossils and specimens of animals and plants are displayed in the Zhejiang Natural Museum.
Yang Ling, deputy director of the Zhejiang Natural Museum, said that the rainy season has a great impact on the animal and plant specimens in the Zhejiang Natural Museum.
“Wet weather can easily cause molds to grow on the surface of the specimen, which not only affects the look and feel, but also damages the specimen itself.” In order to cope with the already coming humid weather, Zhejiang Natural Museum has made adequate preparations.
In particularly humid weather, some dehumidifiers will be installed in the animal and plant specimen exhibition area.
At the same time, if water droplets are found on the surface of the specimen, the staff will perform physical treatment to ensure that the specimen is dry.
In addition, some particularly precious exhibits will be stored in a dry and constant temperature warehouse and will not be displayed for the time being.
Dinosaur fossils are relatively unaffected by wet weather.
Deputy Dean Yang Ling also gave a warm reminder that in the rainy season, there will be more rain, and citizens should try not to bring umbrellas and other rain gear into the exhibition area when visiting the museum.
When entering the museum, try to keep the soles of your shoes dry, and avoid liquids such as beverages in the museum as much as possible.
Hangzhou Museum:
Various methods to dehumidify and prevent moisture
Xu Ying, director of the collection department of Hangzhou Museum, told reporters that according to the categories of cultural relics, the rainy season has the greatest impact on paper cultural relics, especially the painting and calligraphy cultural relics. Moisture-proof work is very important.
He introduced that the warehouse or exhibition area of the Hangzhou Museum maintains constant temperature and humidity all year round, the temperature is maintained at about 20°C, and the humidity is about 55%-65%, which is the most basic and critical.
Generally, there are many ways to get rid of dampness in museums.
For example, in a newly built museum, a central air conditioner with constant temperature and humidity will be used in a large area, and a dehumidification machine will be used in a small area.
It is also very important that the display cabinet is well positioned. There should be no large gaps to allow moisture to take advantage of. When necessary, some humidity-conditioning sheets will be placed inside.
Generally, the painting and calligraphy works of cultural preservation should be wrapped in a special cloth cover. This kind of compartment is like the most basic protective film, which can prevent some insects from infestation. If possible, it will be placed in a storage box. Powerful material.
Of course, from the perspective of comprehensive preservation of calligraphy and painting cultural relics, illumination is also critical.
Excessive light in the exhibition hall will also damage the exhibits, so basically the painting and calligraphy exhibits will be put back for "cultivation" after about 3 months of display.
In addition, cultural relics such as bronze, jade, gold and silver, and coins are relatively stable with respect to the medium, and the moisture-proof work will be simpler. Basically, keep the exhibition area and the collection warehouse at constant temperature and humidity.
The most important protection for these cultural relics is collision avoidance, so if they are not displayed to the outside world, they are most suitable for storage in a bag.
"We generally do some preventive protection, which is equivalent to doing all the protections first. This is a better method for cultural relics protection."
Xiaoshan Kuahu Bridge Site Museum:
The canoe has an independent temperature and humidity control system
The Hangzhou Xiaoshan Kuahuqiao Relics Museum launched a monitoring system in 2014, silently guarding the treasures here in the background.
Middle layer temperature, one layer of soil, two layers of soil... a row of data records the changes of cultural relics.
The staff said that they have installed more than 40 detectors in the ruins hall, regularly carry out data import and analysis, and use high-tech means to protect the safety of cultural relics.
For the rainy season, the museum has done a lot of preparations in advance.
The ruins hall has an independent constant temperature and humidity system, which guarantees that the temperature of the earthen ruins is 25℃ and the humidity is best maintained at 75% all year round.
"Even if there is a problem with the air conditioning in the venue, the temperature and humidity system of the site protection hall can ensure the safety of cultural relics." The staff explained.
The famous "First Boat of China" quietly "berthed" in the glass house, with three machines working.
The cabinet type is a constant temperature and humidity machine, and the two small ones are dehumidifiers, mainly to ensure the stability of the temperature and humidity in the glass room and to ensure the smooth drying of the canoe.
After the cultural relics of the canoe were discovered, they were soaked in syrup for desalination and dehydration protection.
It has been a long time, and it is now in the air-drying stage, which is a long-term and iterative process.
"In extreme weather like the rainy season, we must strengthen the observation of the constant temperature and humidity system data, and check it every day. If the humidity is found to be too high, we must adjust the power of the dehumidifier."
The only cultural relic displayed in vacuum in the museum is a sheet-like woven fabric. This cultural relic has been desalinated, dehydrated and air-dried 8,000 years ago, and then vacuum protected.
The staff said that although there is a constant temperature and humidity system, the protection of cultural relics during the rainy season should be more prudent and attentive.
"Encrypting patrols, recording temperature and humidity, adjusting dehumidifiers, especially the underwater ruins hall, where canoes are stored, etc., can not relax the work of anti-mildew and dehumidification."
During the interview, the reporter saw that a few white crystals had formed on the earthen ruins of the Ruins Hall.
The staff said that this is the phenomenon of salt precipitation.
Salting out is the evaporation of water and the formation of crystals on the surface.
More than 8,000 years ago, the Kuahuqiao site was close to the coastline, and the salt content was high. When temperature and humidity change, salt precipitation may occur at every time.
"Compared with the tiny salt crystals produced, preventing earthen ruins from collapsing in a humid environment is the core of earthen ruins protection."
In response, Hangzhou Xiaoshan Kuahuqiao Site Museum and Nanjing Museum cooperated to insert electrochemical piles into the earthen ruins to stabilize the state of the earthen ruins.
Our reporter Zhang Ran Yu Wenwen Xie Chunhui Correspondent Liang Xinyun