How to choose the three vaccines? Is it effective against mutant viruses? Experts answer your vaccination concerns →
After entering May, a new round of local epidemics occurred in Anhui, Liaoning, Guangdong and other places, and China's vaccination also accelerated significantly.
As of May 28, more than 600 million doses of new coronavirus vaccines have been reported across the country.
Since the 100 million doses exceeded 100 million doses on March 27, the time required for every 100 million doses has been 25 days, 16 days, 9 days, and 7 days; this time it exceeded 600 million and it took only 5 days, and the interval has been continuously shortened. It is the Chinese speed of vaccination.
So, why is the vaccination rate in my country getting faster and faster?
What are the characteristics of the current three vaccines and which one should I choose?
In the face of huge demand, can our vaccine production keep up?
In recent times, the domestic vaccination rate has been accelerating, but at the same time, the changes in the epidemic have always reminded us that we must win this race against time.
In May of this year, after 22 days of no new local confirmed cases nationwide, confirmed cases appeared again in Anhui, Liaoning, and Guangdong, and the local epidemic in Guangdong continued.
This shows that with the continued high incidence of international epidemics, the risk of epidemics entering our country has increased, and the situation of epidemic prevention and control is still severe and complex. It is urgent to speed up vaccination.
As of May 29, Guangdong has added 13 new cases of asymptomatic local infections. With the outbreak of this local epidemic, the enthusiasm of the people in Guangdong for vaccination has also increased.
While strengthening the prevention and control of the epidemic, the local area is also making every effort to speed up vaccination.
The Shenzhen Bay Sports Center is one of the largest vaccination sites in Shenzhen. In recent days, the number of citizens who come to get the new crown vaccine has increased significantly. The vaccination site, which did not need to line up on working days, is now lined up.
In response to the increasing number of vaccinated people, the vaccination sites have sent additional medical staff and volunteers.
How to choose the three vaccines?
In recent times, various localities have adopted a variety of flexible methods to try to ensure that people who need vaccination can be vaccinated as soon as possible.
At the same time, more and more types of vaccines are available for everyone to choose from.
The new crown vaccine currently in use in my country includes three different types: one shot, two shots, and three shots: adenovirus vector vaccine with only one shot, inactivated vaccine with two shots, and recombinant protein vaccine with three shots. The choice of vaccination is more flexible and diverse.
So, what are the characteristics of these three vaccines?
It is understood that only one injection is an adenovirus vector vaccine.
In layman's terms, adenovirus, like a truck, can carry nucleic acid fragments of the new coronavirus and efficiently deliver them to cells to express antigens. A single injection of vaccination can induce an immune protective response.
The two injections are inactivated vaccines, which are familiar traditional vaccines. After inactivating live viruses, they are inoculated into the human body as antigens. The components of the vaccine are the closest to the natural virus structure.
Three injections are needed for recombinant protein vaccines, which are made from the most effective antigen components through genetic engineering methods.
Although these three vaccines are of different types, they are all safe and effective.
On May 28, the China Centers for Disease Control and Prevention announced the monitoring of adverse reactions of my country's new crown vaccination. From December 15, 2020 to April 30, 2021, the national incidence rate of adverse reaction reports was 11.86 per 100,000 doses.
Among them, there are 188 serious cases, with a reported incidence rate of 0.07 per 100,000 doses, and the incidence rate is within an extremely rare range.
Monitoring results show that the general response and abnormal response rates of my country's new coronavirus vaccine are lower than the average reported levels of other types of vaccines in my country in 2019.
Experts remind that people who need emergency vaccination generally choose a single shot of vaccine, and other people can choose according to the type of vaccine that can be easily obtained and their own physical conditions.
Shao Yiming, a researcher at the Chinese Center for Disease Control and a consultant to the WHO Vaccine Research and Development Committee, said: “People with weaker physiques and more basic diseases should choose vaccines with low side effects, such as protein vaccines with less fever or inactivated vaccines. It’s better than choosing a viral vector vaccine mRNA vaccine."
From June 10, the first dose of the new crown vaccine was stopped, and the second dose of vaccination was fully transferred. Is this statement true?
With the popularization of new crown vaccine knowledge, everyone's enthusiasm for vaccination is getting higher and higher.
Experts remind that while pursuing the speed of vaccination, we must also pay attention to the quality of vaccination.
In recent days, citizens of some provinces and cities have reported that they have received the news that the first injection of the new crown vaccine will be stopped on June 10, and the second injection will be fully transferred to the stage.
Is this statement true?
According to the reporter's understanding, according to the deployment of the National Health Commission, from June 10 to 30, the second dose of vaccination will be carried out mainly for key populations who have received the first dose of vaccine.
However, during this period, the first dose of vaccination services will continue to be provided to people who need to go abroad.
After July, the first and second doses of vaccination will continue.
This is an arrangement based on the needs of my country's new coronary pneumonia prevention and control and the actual situation of my country's vaccine supply.
Feng Duojia, President of the China Vaccine Industry Association, said: “The production quantity, the quantity of vaccination and the coverage rate of vaccination are all efficiency indicators. On this basis, more attention should be paid to the quality of vaccination. People who have received a single injection complete the entire course of immunization, which can better reflect the quality of vaccination than everyone receiving a single injection."
Although my country’s cumulative vaccination against the new coronavirus has exceeded 600 million doses, industry experts emphasize that this does not mean that 600 million people have completed the vaccination. The vaccinated person completes the whole course of immunization to ensure the quality of immunization.
To complete the vaccination, the first needle, the second needle and even the third needle need to be connected in time and effectively.
In order to check and replant the second dose, Hubei Province has established a red, yellow and blue "three-color" early warning mechanism to provide early warning and notify the inoculation of those who have not been planted after the second dose is overdue. The 17 stationed supervision teams are responsible for the inoculation. Supervise the progress of vaccination.
In a community health service center in Wuhan, every day, the staff will follow up the follow-up situation of the first vaccinators by telephone through the province’s networking system.
Will the vaccine have no effect on the virus that has been mutated repeatedly?
Now, because the epidemic situation is still spreading in some places abroad, and mutated strains are constantly appearing, some people are worried that the vaccines on the market will not have any effect on the mutated virus?
Shao Yiming said: "The existing mutant strains only reduce the degree of neutralizing antibodies, but still maintain a protection rate of more than 50%. Therefore, the existing vaccines can cope with the mutant virus, but it is important that everyone should be faster. Vaccination, because the mutation of the virus will continue to occur, if we want to block its mutation and prevent the mutant strain that can completely escape the immune surveillance of the vaccine, we must block its spread and not give it a chance to continue to mutate."
If the spread of severely mutated strains really occurs, why should we not worry too much about vaccine production in my country?
Experts said that, on the one hand, we must speed up the vaccination rate and block the spread and mutation of the virus.
On the other hand, according to the existing vaccine production mechanism, if a severely mutated strain really occurs, how can vaccine production respond?
Shao Yiming said: “We are already developing a new generation of vaccines against mutant strains. Our country’s technical route of inactivated vaccines is particularly suitable for rapid response to mutant strains, because the entire vaccine supply will not be changed at all, but the original early epidemic strains will be replaced at the feeding end. The mutant strain that threatens us now is a production cycle. The vaccine of the mutant strain comes out at this end. So people don’t need to worry. We have enough research and production capacity. Based on the results of monitoring the mutant strain, we will do Respond accordingly."
I have been vaccinated for 6 months, am I still in the "shelf life" period?
In addition to closely tracking and studying the mutant strains, the time since the first batch of new crown vaccines in my country has been close to 6 months.
Everyone would like to know whether the antibodies produced by the vaccination will become invalid after 6 months, and do they need to be re-vaccinated?
Shao Yiming said: "After 6 months, the monitoring data of the large population is being analyzed. According to the preliminary situation, about half of the human antibodies are still available. We will determine that our country's vaccination time is relatively long based on the support of scientific data. At what time should immunization with booster needles be carried out for the population of the population."
The so-called booster injection means that after the first complete vaccination of the vaccine, according to the status of the tracking experimental immunity, it is determined whether to supplement the injection to maintain the body's immunity to the virus.
According to the expert's explanation, according to current research, 6 months after vaccination, some people still have a certain degree of defense against the virus.
Therefore, at present, the most important thing is to complete the first vaccination and establish an immune barrier as soon as possible.
Now my country's vaccination capacity and people's wishes have also been greatly improved.
As the vaccination process in various places accelerates, the demand for new coronary pneumonia vaccines has become more urgent, which poses no small challenge to the domestic vaccine supply.
China is getting closer and closer to the goal of building a herd immune barrier. To beat the virus in this game, everyone needs to participate.
The most important of these is that vaccine production capacity, vaccination willingness and vaccination capacity must form a matching force.
Feng Duojia said: "I think the key is still the problem of vaccine production capacity and matching. This must be guaranteed. I believe it will be no problem. Now that more than 1 billion doses are produced, this is slowly accelerating from scratch to this level. From this base number to at least 3 billion doses by the end of the year, the speed will be faster in the future, so it is not a technical problem."
Shao Yiming said: “The vaccination volume per single day has been maintained at more than 5 million doses for a long time. Recently it has accelerated to more than 10 million doses. There is no problem for the vaccination potential to exceed 20 million doses per day. Therefore, according to the current state Vaccination at a planned rhythm can completely achieve the goal of establishing a herd immunity barrier."
Vaccination takes time and process to prevent infectious diseases.
Disease control experts emphasized that for ordinary people, it is important for the public to actively participate when there is no epidemic situation in the place where they are, and vaccinate according to the established rhythm, so that my country's immune barrier can be established as soon as possible.
If China does not establish an immune barrier as soon as possible, an "immune depression" may be formed. If China wants to avoid changing from an “anti-epidemic highland” to an “immune depression”, it must seize the window period, accelerate the promotion of vaccination, and ensure our hard-won epidemic prevention results. Disease control experts predict that by the beginning of next year or even the end of this year, China will reach 70%-80% of the new crown vaccination rate, that is, complete the vaccination of about 1 billion people and basically achieve herd immunity. But this huge challenge requires everyone's joint efforts. We should pick up as soon as possible, and build the "Great Wall of Immunity" together, and look forward to your "arm". (Liu Nian Li Zuoshi)