Not only in Germany are the Philharmonics considered closed gardens of conservatism with some justification.

Above all fashionable.

And especially on stage.

The male musicians are required to wear tails, the women are required to wear a skirt and long-sleeved blouse.

On the podium, with the conductors, things are now much more colorful.

Thanks to the upswing of female conductors, iron dress codes are beginning to falter.

A typology of current conducting fashions in twelve chapters.