Author: Yan Qing Central University for Nationalities professor, doctoral tutor, two professors.
In 2013, he was selected as "New Century Excellent Talents" by the Ministry of Education.
He was named the most influential young scholar in the humanities in 2015.
"Outstanding Young and Middle-aged Expert on Ethnic Issues" by the National Ethnic Affairs Commission.
The main social part-time jobs include the deputy secretary-general of the Decision Advisory Committee of the National Ethnic Affairs Commission, the deputy secretary-general of the Chinese Ethnic Policy Research Association, a member of the Chinese Ethnic Education Expert Committee, and an executive director of the Chinese Ethnic Theory Society.
The research fields are ethnic politics, ethnic theory and ethnic policy, and ethnic education.
In recent years, people have been immersed in teaching and scientific research, and people will ask some questions from time to time: why Europe and China are about the same size, Europe has formed more than 40 countries, but China is a country with 56 ethnic groups; New Qing History deconstructs the Chinese nation’s " What is "tool"?
How to interpret history? Is the goal of Chinese minority development to be Sinicization?
Is Sinicization equal to Hanization?
China's history is full of division, division, and combination. Is "division" just a one-dimensional fission?
After reading the article "Chinese Five Hus Entering China and European Barbarian Invasion", it seems that the above questions have been answered.
1. Nationalism is a discourse and a tool, but it is only "local experience"
The historical trajectories of the development of China and Europe and their value demands are different, and the discourses are also different. The different paths at least started with the invasion of European barbarians and the entry of the Five Hus into China.
The author pointed out in the article: "Between 300 and 600 AD, China and Rome once again faced similar historical conditions, at the same time faced the decline of the central government, and at the same time encountered large-scale impacts from surrounding ethnic groups." But "similar historical trajectories produced completely different results. "
The different results are: European barbarians invaded Rome, they chose to "divide the world", and valued "divided" and feudalism. Autonomy and decentralization became the political norm. With the development of political economy, the single nation and the nation-state became choices, nationalism Become the word and the banner.
The Five Hus chose to enter China by "mixing one day and down". After the division, they would take peace and seek harmony. The Chinese civilization is harmonious, and the world is one family. Inheriting the governance of the world and maintaining centralization have become the choice, operating a super-large-scale country. , To realize multi-ethnic coexistence, "big family" has become the discourse of both politics and morality.
The author concludes: The historical view of the Wuhu regime in China is completely different from that of the barbarians.
It is not the "partition of the world" of ethnic segregation, but the "mixing one day" of ethnic integration.
Nationalism sprouted and branched out of the soil of Western Europe, with its own exclusivity and emphasis on self-interest. "One nation, one country" is a tool for cutting the body of a multi-ethnic society, and nationalism is the banner of foreign conquest.
Nationalism is only the local experience of Western Europeans that gradually formed after the European barbarians invaded and established the national and national structure.
Using nationalism as an analytical paradigm to examine the history of China's multi-ethnic country development will undoubtedly fall into a discourse trap.
China embraces 56 ethnic groups that practice the concept of harmony, New Qing History uses the nationalist knife, and Chinese stories need Chinese words to tell.
Otherwise, it will be like the author's research and judgment, "If you think in the narrow paradigm of European nationalism, you will always be in the political culture of racial identity."
2. The choice of "Sinicization" of Wuhu after entering China focuses on choosing "Han system" and integrating into civilization
In the field of ethnic studies, "sinicization" is regarded as a very negative and dangerous concept. In the eyes of many people, sinicization means the disappearance of ethnic minorities.
However, "sinicization" is essentially "cultural"ization.
"Writing is beautiful and good." Writing is elegant, and writing is good, and the appearance of writing is a sign of entering the age of civilization.
Nearly "wen" and "learning" are the positive choices for human beings to pursue truth, goodness and beauty in their own development.
Different nationalities have entered into "cultural"ization in order, and voluntary "cultural"ization is a kind of progress.
Modern multiculturalism and cultural relativism have distorted to varying degrees the historical truth and the will of the subject of the mutual emulation, learning and acculturation of different nations in their respective development processes.
"The reason why the Wuhu ethnic group is obsessed with'sinicization' is because the essence of Han civilization lies in the construction of a super-large-scale political body for long-term stability." The author points out that the choice of Wuhu's sinicization after entering China is essentially a strategy for the world." It is Chinese civilization that nourishes and supports the Han system, and learning Han system will inevitably choose to enter Chinese civilization.
The governance of super-large-scale countries requires the protection of mature systems and governance techniques, and mature systems and governance techniques are accumulated in Chinese civilization with a set of words, discourses, concepts, mechanisms, and regulations.
The process of Sinicization is also a process of Hu-Han fusion. "Today's northern Chinese, their blood is the Hu-Han fusion. Even the Han people are a large ethnic group that merged with the surrounding ethnic groups in the Shang and Zhou Dynasties. In this great integration. It is not who assimilates who, but the mutualization of many parties."
Many researchers have focused more on the "Five Random China", focusing on conflict, opposition and difference.
It is rarely seen that "compared to the traditional practices of the Southern Dynasty, the system innovations such as Tiantian and Fubing in the Northern Dynasty are more in line with the spirit of the'Han system' of unified unification."
It is even rarer to see that North China has entered a fairly long period of stability after the "Five Hus Entering China", because after the conflict is a solid effort to integrate and merge.
At the moment when we have a strong sense of community of the Chinese nation, we need to sort out more of the legitimacy of community construction from history, and we should read history and look back to history with a broader "national" perspective.
Without the inclusive wisdom, where can the super-large countries continue to thrive.
"The 300-year story of China's Eastern Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties has too many regimes, characters, and events. It is messy at first sight and annoying every time it is messed up. It is the most difficult history to write. The Chinese nation is reshaping the code for the transformation and upgrading of Chinese civilization. It is precisely hidden in these 300 years. If you are impatient to walk in, look around, and stop, it will be difficult to find your source. "Reading the author's article can enrich our spiritual world.
As the author said: "There are many stories in 300 years. The most important story is the story of the Hu Han family of the Chinese nation. Who are we? Are the Han people, the Mongolians, the Tibetans, the Uyghurs or the Manchus? I understood what is the Chinese nation, what is Chinese civilization, and what is my own identity and spiritual world." Looking down on the mountains, the peaks are scattered; while looking down, the roots of the mountains are connected and the nature is one.