Blocking the "partial door" and opening the "front door" has become a new way of supervision
"Campus loans" with frequent chaos and tragedies usher in strong supervision
Core reading
The “Notice on Further Regulating the Supervision and Administration of College Students’ Internet Consumer Loans” continues previous policies, focusing on the Internet consumer loans business for college students, from strengthening consumer loan business supervision, increasing education and assistance to students, and strengthening the network The four aspects of monitoring public opinion and increasing the investigation and punishment of illegal and criminal issues have put forward clearer work requirements for local financial supervision and management departments, local Internet information departments, local public security agencies, various banking financial institutions, and various universities.
□ Our reporter Zhang Wei
The “campus loan” that once hunted college students accurately has now ushered in strong supervision.
After five departments including the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission and the Ministry of Education jointly issued the "Notice on Further Regulating the Supervision and Administration of Internet Consumer Loans for College Students" (hereinafter referred to as the "Notice"), many places across the country are taking active actions.
Beijing, Tianjin and other places directly put forward clear requirements on the "campus loan" business of small loan companies within their jurisdictions, such as "college students must not be set as target customer groups" and "no precision marketing aimed at college student groups".
On the one hand, blocking the "side door"; on the other hand, opening the "front door", such as encouraging various banking financial institutions to develop targeted and differentiated Internet consumer credit products under the premise of controllable risks.
In the new regulatory thinking, the effective protection of the rights and interests of college students and the healthy development of the university campus financial market "can be expected in the future."
Profit-driven illegal operations
On March 17, the five departments jointly issued the "Notice" prohibiting small loan companies and non-licensed institutions from granting loans to college students.
This has been hitting the loan documents of college students, like a blockbuster, which has aroused the attention of the whole society.
Topics such as "#花呗借呗不向大学学生放款#" have also been searched hotly.
Many people support this.
"Good job! From the perspective of consumption alone, I don't think we should support college student loans." "Although college students are adults, they don't have a penny of income." Is it money? I need to spend money. Tell my family that as long as it is reasonable consumption, parents can understand."
The condemnation of illegal "campus loans" has been around for a long time. In recent years, "campus loans" have indeed been chaotic, causing tragedies to occur continuously.
In March 2016, a college student in a university in Henan used his own identity and fraudulently used the identity of a classmate to obtain unsecured credit loans of up to several hundred thousand yuan from different campus financial platforms. When he was unable to repay, he committed suicide by jumping off the building.
In 2017, a sophomore female student of Huaxia University in Xiamen chose to commit suicide because of being involved in campus loans, unbearable debt repayment pressure and harassment of debt collection calls...
"Unhealthy'campus loans' seriously disrupt the campus environment and market environment, and seriously endanger the personal and property safety of students and social stability." said the relevant person in charge of the Finance Department of the Ministry of Education.
In order to protect the rights and interests of students, in recent years, the Ministry of Education, in conjunction with the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, the Central Cyberspace Administration of China, and the Ministry of Public Security, has issued a series of strict regulations and carried out a series of special activities, and the phenomenon of unhealthy “campus loans” has been effectively curbed.
However, driven by interests, many institutions still act against the trend and operate in violation of regulations.
A recent new trend has particularly attracted the attention of regulators.
"Especially recently, some microfinance companies have targeted university campuses and conducted inductive marketing through cooperation with technology companies. They issued Internet consumer loans for college students, tempting college students to overspend, causing some college students to fall into high amounts. Loan traps cause bad social impact.” said the person in charge of the Finance Department of the Ministry of Education.
The relevant person in charge of Bank of China also pointed out that after the Ministry of Education, the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission and other ministries and commissions have jointly strengthened the rectification efforts, the cleanup and rectification of campus online loans has achieved good results, but there are still some small loan companies carrying out inductive marketing, which has caused a bad society. influences.
Intensify the investigation and punishment of illegal crimes
"Inductive marketing" is indeed not uncommon.
"The procedure is simple and the process is fast!" "No interest! No mortgage! It will arrive immediately!" "Specially designed for students to solve financial problems! Installment, installment, long term!" Similar advertisements make some college students pursue "fast, convenient and low cost." ", I chose this type of loan, but "come the truth."
"I thought I was really holding an ID card and a bank card for receiving payments, and I could give tens of thousands of yuan without leaving the house. In fact, it was a pit," said a student who had participated in the "campus loan".
The Beijing Banking and Insurance Regulatory Bureau summarized the seven-step routine of "campus loan": 1. Design various traps; 2. Throw out low-interest and low-threshold bait; 3. Sign false contracts; 4. Create bank flows; 5. Unilaterally create defaults ; 6. Borrow new styles to repay old money; 7. Malicious debt collection.
Among them, the various traps make people overwhelmed.
According to industry insiders, "campus loans" are diverse in forms and secretive, including bad loans, usury, long-term loans, single-scratch loans, naked loan loans, training loans, leaseback loans, beauty loans, etc., which specifically deceive college students.
The so-called low interest rates are just an illusion. For example, only daily or monthly interest rates are displayed in the promotion. If you calculate the annual interest rates carefully, you will find that they are actually outrageously high.
"These credit products designed specifically for college students are often designed and developed in accordance with a certain'routine', with strong pertinence, forming a'routine loan'. Once a borrower is'in a set', it is often difficult to get rid of it." Chinese people Said Zhao Xijun, co-dean of the University's China Capital Market Research Institute.
On the surface, under the guise of goodwill, they actually used extortion and deception, causing the undergraduates who have not been involved in the world to fall into the trap deeper and deeper, unable to save themselves.
A college student told a reporter from the Rule of Law Daily, “I am very disgusted with all kinds of loans given to college students by the Internet platform. There have been too many tragedies due to'campus loans'. I think we can no longer let bad'campus loans' do whatever they want. ."
Finally, strong supervision of "campus loans" came.
According to the person in charge of the Finance Department of the Ministry of Education, the "Notice", based on the continuation of previous policies, focuses on the Internet consumer loan business for college students, from strengthening the supervision of consumer loan business, increasing education and assistance to students, and strengthening online public opinion. Monitoring and intensifying the investigation and punishment of illegal and criminal issues. The four most important and critical aspects of regulating "campus loans" have been further addressed to local financial supervision and management departments, local network information departments, local public security agencies, various banking financial institutions, and various universities. Clear job requirements.
For example, strengthen the supervision and management of the Internet consumer loan business for college students.
Microfinance companies are required not to set college students as the target customer group for Internet consumer loans, not to target college students with precision marketing, and not to issue Internet consumer loans to college students.
All local financial supervision and management departments and the banking and insurance regulatory bureaus shall, on the basis of the rectification work of “campus loans” of online lending institutions, include small loan companies, consumer finance companies and other various lending institutions into the scope of rectification, and further strengthen the Internet for college students. Supervision, inspection and investigation of consumer loan business.
Another example is to intensify the investigation and punishment of illegal crimes.
Local public security agencies are required to severely crack down on criminal activities carried out by way of routine loans and usury against college students, increase their crackdown on illegal and criminal activities such as illegal detention, kidnapping, and violent collection, and crack down on illegal and criminal activities that infringe on citizens' personal information in accordance with the law.
Banks enter the market to develop regular products
Of course, this does not mean that the consumption needs and borrowing needs of college students have been ignored.
The chaos in the consumer loan market for college students has been repeatedly banned. First, the student population lacks sufficient recognition ability and easily fall into the trap of inducing propaganda; second, the funding needs of college students exist objectively, and the formal financial services have not kept up in time.
"At present, there are more than 40 million college students in my country's universities. The financial service needs of the younger generation of college students exist objectively and are growing rapidly. It needs to be treated with a scientific attitude and meet the financial service needs of college students in an appropriate way." said Dong Ximiao, chief researcher of Zhaolian Finance .
While blocking the "side door", the regulatory authorities opened the "front door."
For example, the "Notice" proposes that all banking financial institutions can develop targeted and differentiated Internet consumer credit products under the premise of controllable risks, but strictly limit the loan balance of the same borrower and the total business scale of Internet consumer loans for college students. Strict pre-loan qualification review, and implement the second source of repayment for college students.
The relevant person in charge of the Bank of China stated that commercial banks should develop standardized internet consumer credit products for college students under the premise of controllable risks.
Unlike some small loan companies that induce propaganda, advanced consumption, high interest rates, and violent collections, commercial banks must: deepen cooperation between banks and universities, and jointly study and formulate financial service plans and marketing publicity plans with universities; promote rational consumption and guide Students make good consumption planning, establish correct consumption and financial views; reflect the characteristics of small, short-term, and inclusive in terms of quota period, interest rate pricing, etc., guide students to use loans for reasonable and beneficial expenditures, and strictly prevent excessive credit; pay attention to Financial knowledge education, making full use of the resources of commercial banks, cooperating with the school to organize personal credit public welfare lectures, etc., to popularize credit reporting knowledge and improve students' awareness of integrity.
In addition, the Ministry of Education will continue to improve and implement the subsidy policy for college students.
"Weaving the government's'subsidy network' is an important guarantee to prevent college students from falling into bad online loans." The person in charge of the Finance Department of the Ministry of Education said, one is to implement funding policies and do everything we can to help.
Supervise and guide colleges and universities to ensure that various student funding policies are in place, improve the management level of student funding, and guarantee the tuition, accommodation, and basic living expenses of students from families with financial difficulties.
The second is to carry out emergency assistance and achieve all necessary assistance.
Colleges and universities should improve the relief mechanism for special difficulties, set up special funding funds, and provide emergency relief to students whose families have experienced major changes, so as to solve the temporary and emergency funding needs of students.
The third is to pay attention to developmental needs and do everything you can to help.
Encourage qualified colleges and universities to raise funds through multiple channels, support students to carry out extended learning, innovation and entrepreneurship, etc., to meet the developmental needs of students.