News 1+1丨Sanxingdui's "news", what surprises did it have? What mysteries have been solved?
Golden masks, tortoise-shaped copper ornaments, bird-shaped gold ornaments, gold leaf... The six newly discovered Sanxingdui sacrifice pits, and more than 500 important cultural relics have been unearthed.
Are the cultural relics unearthed this time comparable to the treasures unearthed more than 30 years ago?
After another excavation in 34 years, what surprises will Sanxingdui bring to us?
In the "News 1+1" on March 22, Bai Yansong connected with Wang Wei, chairman of the Chinese Society of Archaeology and member of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, to jointly pay attention to:
Sanxingdui "news", what mystery should be solved?
Sanxingdui dismantled six “blind boxes” 34 years later. What surprises do experts see?
Wang Wei, chairman of the Chinese Society of Archaeology and member of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences:
I think first of all, six more sacrificial pits were found next to the original No. 1 and No. 2 pits, which in themselves is a special surprise. Two isolated sacrificial pits, I have been looking for, this time I finally found them.
Although the excavation has only been officially carried out for two months, and some pits have not yet reached the cultural relics level, there are already many surprises, especially there are several types of utensils that have not been seen, and the volume is very large.
For example, the "top bronze figure", because it was originally found to be similar small, say 15 cm high, this time it was found to be 1.15 meters, and the size and shape are completely different than that, so it will indeed be interpreted for us Ancient Shu civilization provides brand new information.
Pit No. 1 and No. 2 appeared in 1986. Why was the interval between the two excavations as long as 34 years?
Wang Wei, chairman of the Chinese Society of Archaeology and member of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences:
Because pits 1 and 2 were discovered in 1986, a platform was built immediately for display and protection, and these pits were pressed underneath.
Actually, in 2019, this area was fully drilled, and pits 3 to 6 were discovered.
These 34 years have not been without jobs. Especially since the beginning of the new century, the Sichuan Archaeological Institute has been working on the Sanxingdui site, such as discovering large-scale city sites, discovering high-level buildings, we call it palaces, etc. These are all used as Chinese civilization exploration. source.
Is Sanxingdui an "extraterrestrial civilization"?
Wang Wei, chairman of the Chinese Society of Archaeology and member of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences:
There is no such possibility as "alien civilization".
Even if the "zong eye" of the "bronze zong eye mask" is particularly exaggerated, it is only because the ancients regarded it as a god, so it cannot be regarded as the true appearance of the people at that time.
Unlike the Mongolian people, the masks and sculptures unearthed in Sanxingdui come from the Sumerian civilization of the Mesopotamia?
Wang Wei, chairman of the Chinese Archaeological Society and member of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences: It
is impossible.
Because in fact, those small portraits we see are basically small square faces. In fact, Sichuanese now look like a typical Sichuanese, and their noses and eyes are exaggerated, so they can’t be used as Think about the real face of people at that time.
Why is there so much ivory unearthed in Sanxingdui?
Wang Wei, chairman of the Chinese Society of Archaeology and member of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences: It
is indeed a problem, at least it shows that ivory is of special significance to the ancient Shu civilization of Sanxingdui.
Both the Sanxingdui site and the Jinsha site have this characteristic.
But what is the meaning of this?
To be studied.
Sanxingdui used to be so prosperous, why did it suddenly disappear?
Wang Wei, chairman of the Chinese Archaeological Society and member of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences:
Is it deliberately landfilled?
Or is the country destroyed and buried by hostile forces?
Or was it flooded in a hurry and landfilled before retreating?
For example, some people guess whether there is a flood?
I have confirmed with local excavation staff that because there are no signs of large-scale floods and no silt, it is at least not caused by floods.
I personally think that, in fact, after a period of prosperity in Sanxingdui, its political center shifted to Jinsha in Chengdu.
An important piece of evidence is that the original age of Sanxingdui is very wide, ranging from 3,600 to 3100 years ago, and Jinsha seems to be still far away from it; but the latest archaeological dating found that the two are connected and closely connected.
Therefore, there is a process of decline and then rise.
Will Sanxingdui be able to watch the restoration of cultural relics on site in the future?
Wang Wei, chairman of the Chinese Society of Archaeology and member of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences:
At present, it is not necessarily.
But in some places, a combination of excavation, scientific research, and protection has been tried. For example, there are already archaeological parks and archaeological museums, which can now be done.
In the future, Sanxingdui may also do the same. Everyone can directly see the excavation site from the outside, and the conditions are now available, and several sites are already doing this.
How to explain that Chinese civilization must be "multiple" and "one body"?
Wang Wei, chairman of the Chinese Society of Archaeology and member of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences:
In fact, the cultural relics unearthed at Sanxingdui site can be divided into two categories. One is human figures, masks, and sacred trees. These are the characteristics of the ancient Shu civilization; and some , Bronze Zun, Bronze Lei, Including Cong, similar to the Xia-Shang Dynasty, ceremonial jade Ge, Jade Bi, etc., a considerable part of the Central Plains dynasty system.
There is also the Yazhang, which was invented in the later period, after Sanxingdui, even in Hong Kong and northern Vietnam.
Even though these things are not very conspicuous, a considerable part of them are closely related to the Central Plains dynasty.
100 points as the goal to complete, where did you go today?
Wang Wei, chairman of the Chinese Society of Archaeology and member of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences: The
excavation of the Sanxingdui site has reached 70 points today, because of the six sacrificial pits, Pit 3, Pit 4, and Pit 5 are basically fully exposed, but Pit No. 7 and No. 8 basically haven't reached the place of unearthed cultural relics.
And it is the No. 8 pit, the metal reaction is particularly strong, and the area is the largest, so the No. 7 and No. 8 pits are very worth looking forward to.