The minor protection law will be implemented after the overhaul

　　Deputies to the National People's Congress call for effective protection of 160 million small netizens

　　Indulging in violent and murderous online games, registering user accounts to cause personal information leakage, watching live broadcasts with parents’ mobile phones and making big rewards, and even being induced by strange netizens to shoot bad videos... There are many hidden network security risks around minors, and many parents are because The Internet has created anxiety about parenting and family education.

　　According to the 47th "Statistical Report on China's Internet Development Status", as of December 2020, the number of Internet users in my country has reached 989 million, of which "below 19" accounted for approximately 16.6%.

The revised law on the protection of minors will come into effect on June 1, 2021, with the addition of a "network protection" chapter.

Over the years, many representatives of the National People's Congress, experts and scholars have paid close attention to the security of minors and called on all sectors of society to speed up the establishment of a system for protecting minors on the Internet.

"Internet traps" around small netizens

　　"My son pestered me every day to ask for the '98K' toy and the'Level 3 bag'. Later I learned that it was a game item, but he was only 6 years old..." During the Spring Festival this year, a representative of the National People's Congress, Jianhu County, Jiangsu Lu Man, the chairman of the Tianhe Ecological Agriculture Cooperative, heard a friend’s child-raising confusion.

In addition, she often heard from some parents and teachers that although there have been policies and regulations to prevent minors from indulging in online games, such as the "Provisions on the Protection of Children's Personal Information Online" and "Notice on Preventing Minors from Indulging in Online Games", there is no problem. Significant improvement.

　　In order to find out how young netizens got caught up in online games, Ruman did a test.

She read some online games' "precautions against addiction" and found that it stipulates that the accumulated game time exceeds 5 hours before it is "unhealthy time". After a period of rest, the time can be "cleared".

This means that with a 24-hour cycle, users can play games for up to 14 hours if the "rest clear" time is spared.

"This is not a good way to prevent minors from over-playing. Now it seems that the anti-addiction system still has loopholes."

　　In addition, Ruman found that many "adult online games" use "buy equipment" as the upgrade rule to induce minors to make large recharges beyond their own financial capacity.

"These recharges are generally not tens or hundreds of yuan, but tens of thousands of yuan. For some families, this is a huge expense."

　　Ruhman pointed out that these games are not in the puzzle category. The irritating rules such as "one shot headshot" are mixed with blood and violent elements, which are very likely to have a negative impact on the physical and mental health of young people, causing them to misunderstand life. True meaning.

　　With the rapid development of the Internet, in addition to indulging in online games, there are also many cybersecurity risks lurking around minors, such as using the Internet to sexually assault minors and illegally obtain minors’ personal information.

　　Disputes over webcasting rewards are also a frequent dispute over the protection of minors' rights and interests in recent years.

In the seven typical cases of judicial protection of minors announced by the Supreme People’s Court on March 2, Liu, who was born in 2002, used his parents’ bank card to transfer nearly 1.6 million yuan to the account of a technology company several times for payment. Reward the live broadcast platform anchor.

After Liu’s parents learned of it, they hoped that the company would refund all the rewards, and they would be sued to the court after being rejected by the company.

In the end, the two parties reached an out-of-court settlement, and the plaintiff applied to withdraw the lawsuit. The technology company voluntarily returned nearly 1.6 million yuan in rewards, which has been fulfilled.

　　On March 2, in response to the issue of minors’ live-streaming rewards, Zheng Xuelin, President of the Civil First Division of the Supreme People’s Court and Deputy Director of the Juvenile Court Work Office, said: “The majority of disputes involving online rewards and online games in judicial practice It is a person with restricted capacity, that is, a minor over 8 years of age. If it is not ratified by a legal representative, its behavior should be invalid. If the guardian requests the network service provider to return the money, the people's court should support it ."

17 new regulations build the legal basis for the protection of minors online

　　The revised "Network Protection" chapter of the Unprotected Law includes 17 articles, which specifically stipulate the mandatory reporting obligations of Internet companies: Internet companies that discover that users publish or disseminate content that harm the physical and mental health of minors should report to the Internet, Public security and other departments report; if users are found to use their network services to commit illegal or criminal acts against minors, they should report to the public security organs.

These regulations are of great significance in the context of the current rapid development of the Internet.

　　Regarding cyberbullying, the revised non-protection law stipulates: no organization or individual may insult, slander, threaten or maliciously damage the image of minors through the Internet in the form of text, pictures, audio and video, etc.; Bullying minors and their parents or other guardians have the right to notify network service providers to take measures such as deletion and blocking; network service providers shall promptly take necessary measures to stop cyberbullying and eliminate the impact after receiving the notice.

　　The relevant departments of our country have issued the "Notice on Preventing Minors from Indulging in Online Games", but there is no specific regulation at the level of the legal system.

The revised law on the protection of minors makes specific provisions on this in eight aspects. For example, it stipulates that all online games, online live broadcasts, online audio and video, online social networking and other online services should be set up for minors when they use their services. Time management, authority management, consumption management and other functions; clarify the system of special approval for online games; stipulate that the state establish a unified electronic identity authentication system for minors online games.

　　Regarding these regulations, Yuan Ningning, associate professor of China University of Political Science and Law and executive deputy director of the Research Base for Juvenile Affairs Governance and Law Enforcement, said that at present, although my country has the corresponding technical level to set up an "anti-addiction system", "the biggest challenge is Internet users. Real-name authentication issues".

He believes that the network supervision department should establish a nationwide network identification system for minors. "Only by accurately identifying the age of users can the anti-addiction measures of online platform companies take effect."

The effective implementation of the new law still requires the joint efforts of all parties

　　Fang Yan, deputy to the National People's Congress and vice chairman of the Shaanxi Lawyers Association, has long been concerned about the protection of minors.

She once suggested at the National Congress of the People’s Republic of China in 2019 that in the process of revising the Law on the Protection of Minors, we should focus on introducing the content of cyber security protection for minors, refine and improve the network classification system, so that cyber security has specific rights to support, and amend the law. It should be in line with existing or proposed laws, regulations, rules and regulations.

　　Regarding the revised law on the protection of minors, she believes that the "Internet Protection" chapter covers the concept of network protection, network environment management, network corporate responsibility, network information management, personal network information protection, network addiction prevention, cyber bullying and infringement. The prevention and response measures have been comprehensively regulated in an effort to achieve all-round protection of minors online and offline.

　　In Fang Yan’s view, an important advancement of the revised non-protection law is that the "Internet Protection" chapter clarifies that parents, schools, online information service providers, and the government, etc., should protect minors on the Internet. Responsibilities to be assumed not only clarify specific measures to prevent minors from indulging in the Internet, such as requiring product and service providers to set time, authority, consumption management and other functions, but also directly attacking social pain points such as cyberbullying and violence. Insults, slanders, and threatens minors in the form of, pictures, audio and video, etc., "These regulations will help build a'network protection fence' for minors."

　　Fang Yan also pointed out that the effective implementation of these laws and regulations to truly prevent minors from being infringed on the Internet requires the joint efforts of all parties.

She suggested that on the one hand, the network supervision department should strengthen the supervision of network platform companies; on the other hand, it should increase the spread of law and provide training on network security knowledge and skills for school faculty and staff to help them find reports in a timely manner and effectively deal with the network around minors Danger.

　　Fang Yan suggested that June 1 should be listed as the anniversary day of the Minor Protection Law, and to promote the rights and interests of minors in the new non-protection law to specific groups such as parents; advocating that people should be brave when encountering cyber infringements. Take legal weapons to effectively protect the cyber security of minors.

　　In addition, she suggested that the cybersecurity and informatization department set up a "Minor Network Bad Information Reporting Security Center" to deal with all kinds of cyber infringements against minors, and provide them with operating funds protection in the form of financial subsidies or other special funds. .

　　Yuan Ningning agreed with Fang Yan's suggestion on "strengthening the supervision of network platform enterprises".

In addition, he believes that online platform companies should study and study the new law on the protection of minors as soon as possible, clarify and fulfill their social and legal responsibilities to minors, and strengthen internal service management in strict accordance with the "Internet Protection" special chapter. In particular, in response to the current frequent occurrence of underage users indulging in online games, being induced to give rewards, personal information leakage, and online sexual infringements, we actively categorize and formulate plans and countermeasures to effectively protect the legitimate rights and interests of underage Internet users.

　　Our newspaper, Beijing, March 4th

　　China Youth Daily·China Youth Daily reporter Wang Yijun, Li Chao, Jiao Minlong Source: China Youth Daily