Municipalities were obliged to create a list in order to support people who had difficulty evacuating on their own based on the lessons learned from the Great East Japan Earthquake, but many people who are evacuating without transferring their resident's card due to the effects of the nuclear accident etc. According to an interview with NHK, it was found that it was not listed in the list.
The background is that it is difficult to grasp the administration if the resident's card has not been transferred, and experts say that it is necessary to review the system so that support can be provided regardless of whether or not the resident's card has been transferred as the evacuees are aging. I'm pointing out.
In response to the deaths of many elderly people and people with disabilities in the Great East Japan Earthquake, people who need assistance when evacuating, such as people who have been certified as requiring long-term care or people with disabilities = "supporters" Creation is obligatory for municipalities.
However, NHK interviews revealed that many people evacuating with their resident cards left in the original municipality due to the nuclear accident are not listed in this "list of people requiring support".
As of the survey on February 8, 28,505 people have continued to evacuate from Fukushima Prefecture to various parts of the country, and many have not moved their resident cards to their evacuation destinations in anticipation of their future return.
However, in some local governments where many evacuees live, those who have not transferred their resident's card are not registered in the "list of people requiring support".
Of these, in Niigata Prefecture, which received the largest number of evacuees nationwide immediately after the earthquake, more than 2,100 people are still evacuating from Fukushima Prefecture, and according to Niigata Prefecture's own questionnaire survey, the evacuation responded. About half of the households have not transferred their resident card.
However, among the major local governments nationwide that accept evacuees, there are many cases where people who have not transferred their resident card from Fukushima prefecture are not registered in the "list of people requiring support", and it is difficult for them to evacuate on their own. May not be able to get help in the event of a disaster.
Professor Yayoi Haraguchi of Ibaraki University, who is familiar with how to support evacuees from the nuclear accident, said, "10 years after the accident, the evacuees are aging, and many people have lost their families and lived alone. It is encouraging to get help, and we should consider revising the system, such as incorporating a new guide to the list of people requiring support as a task that the local government of the evacuation destination should perform, as stipulated by the Nuclear Evacuees Special Law. " I will.
"If you have a list, you can rest assured"
Hideko Hattori (87), who has evacuated from Fukushima City, lives with her daughter and her husband in Yahiko Village, Niigata Prefecture.
He lost his left arm due to the illness he suffered before evacuating to Niigata prefecture, and has been certified as a second-class physically handicapped person for having a physical disability.
About 6 years ago, when I evacuated to another municipality in Niigata prefecture, I left my resident card in Fukushima City.
It is said that the local government at the evacuation site did not even know the existence of the list because there was no guidance for registration in the "list of people requiring support".
However, when I moved to Yahiko Village about four years ago and moved my resident card from Fukushima City, the village sent me an invitation to register it in the list.
Mr. Hattori said, "If you get stuck, I think it's safe to have a list."
In addition, her daughter Yoko Muto said, "My mother's physical strength is completely different from when she was in her 70s 10 years ago when she evacuated due to an accident. There was a big earthquake recently, and I wondered if my mother could have evacuated alone. Sometimes it's safe to have a list and escape with the neighbors and the government. There are many people who are evacuating, so I'd be happy if I could receive the support of the government even if I didn't transfer the residence card. " I was talking.
Local governments struggling to understand "supporters"
In addition to the Basic Resident Register, local governments can use the "National Evacuees Information System," which the government started operating after the Great East Japan Earthquake, in addition to the Basic Resident Register.
This system allows related organizations to share information on the whereabouts and contact information of people who have evacuated all over the country so that the local government of the evacuees can continuously deliver support information such as tax and insurance reductions and exemptions. It is the aim of.
However, many evacuees' local governments find it difficult to guide them to register in the "list of people requiring assistance" based on the evacuees' contact information on this system.
Originally, the "National Evacuees Information System" was created for the purpose of transmitting information on support for evacuees by the local government of the evacuees.
Therefore, if the local government of the evacuation destination uses the system for a purpose other than the original purpose of registering the evacuees in the "list of people requiring support", it is said that there may be a problem from the viewpoint of personal information protection.
In Shibata City, Niigata Prefecture, where about 150 people are evacuating from Nakafukushima Prefecture, we are working with the cooperation of the neighborhood association to find out if there are any people who need assistance even if they are not on the list.
Hidetaka Nakayama, Chief of the Citizens' Community Development Support Division in Shibata City, said, "It would be nice if we could provide the services that evacuees want with or without a resident's card, but at present this is not the case. I think that the range of support will be expanded if it is done. "
What is the "list of people requiring support"?
The Great East Japan Earthquake triggered the creation of a "list of people requiring support" nationwide.
According to the Cabinet Office, about 60% of the people who died in the Great East Japan Earthquake are 65 years old or older, and the mortality rate of people with disabilities among those affected by the disaster is about 60%. It means that it has doubled.
Therefore, after the earthquake, municipalities were obliged to create a list of people requiring support, who are also called vulnerable people and who have difficulty evacuating on their own.
This list contains the addresses and contact information of people who need help in evacuation and can be shared with police, fire departments, and civil welfare officers.
Normally, the municipality will send a guide to the person requiring support who meets certain requirements, and if consent is obtained, it will be registered in the list.
The requirements vary depending on the municipality, but in most cases, the target person is selected based on the fact that the household is only for the elderly, the need for long-term care is 3 or higher, and the disability grade is 2 or higher.
However, the work of municipalities to narrow down the people who meet this requirement is usually based on the information in the Basic Resident Register.
For this reason, it is difficult to send individual guidance to people who have not transferred their resident's card due to evacuation due to the nuclear accident, and even if they need help in evacuation, they are not registered in the list. It seems that.
Why don't you transfer your resident card?
According to a questionnaire survey conducted by the prefecture from November to December last year to those who continue to evacuate in Niigata prefecture due to the effects of the nuclear accident, etc., the resident card of the 292 households that responded is currently living. The number of households that did not move to the municipality was 137, which is 47%, while the number of households that moved the resident card was 123, which is 42%, which is half and half.
On the other hand, when asked about the reason why the resident's card was not
transferred, 37% of households answered that it would not hinder their lives even
if they did not transfer it,
and
30% of them would return to the evacuation
site
and live 50%.
Twenty-one percent, or 34 households, answered that they would not be able to receive subsidies for medical expenses for children provided by Fukushima Prefecture by moving their
households and
resident's card.
It can be seen that there are still many people who have not transferred their resident's card in anticipation of their future return.