Bouygues Telecom, SFR and Orange have indeed activated 5G on the territory of the metropolis of Bordeau.

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Lionel BONAVENTURE / AFP

  • The elected ecologist Delphine Jamet recognizes that a community like a city or a metropolis "cannot force an operator".

  • She stresses that electromagnetic wave exposure sensors have been installed, and that we must now anticipate the arrival of 5G on the 26 GHz frequency.

  • Orange, for its part, assures us that 5G is absolutely necessary to cope with the constantly increasing uses of digital mobile technology.

After two years of experimentation, 5G is well and truly developing in Bordeaux.

The vote at the last re-entry of a motion by the green majority and PS of Bordeaux Métropole, asking the government for a moratorium on this technology and a postponement of the frequency allocation process, therefore did not change anything.

Bouygues Telecom and SFR therefore opened the entire metropolitan area to 5G on February 8.

This Tuesday, it is Orange's turn to do so, in the city of Bordeaux, mainly on 3.5 GHz frequency bands.

"The metropolis had asked the State to apply a moratorium pending further studies, but we cannot force the operators" recognizes Delphine Jamet, EELV deputy to the mayor of Bordeaux, and metropolitan councilor in charge. digital.

She says the community just managed to "buy a little time."

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Around 80 new branches in Bordeaux

“Normally, the operators should have deployed 5G at the end of November-beginning of December, they backed off a bit, not enough for my taste… They just waited for our electromagnetic wave exposure sensors to be installed.

There are three in Bordeaux - place de la Victoire, at the Grand Parc and near the CHU - which allow measurements to be followed online, on the site of the Anfr observatory (National Frequency Agency).

»Levels which are today in conformity with the legislation, since turning between 1.5 and 2.5 Volts / meter (V / m), while the regulatory limit values ​​are between 36 and 61 V / m depending on the frequencies for mobile telephony.

The frequencies “are very supervised, ensures Eric Arduin, regional delegate for Nouvelle-Aquitaine Sud at Orange, and Anfr ensures that these thresholds are respected.

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He confirms that “the arrival of 5G requires the installation of new antennas, around 80 in Bordeaux, but on existing sites.

"We have always said that we would launch a useful and responsible 5G, he continues.

We are concentrating where our 4G network is most used, in order to avoid any risk of saturation, because we expect in dense areas that 4G could be saturated within 18 to 24 months.

And we have implemented smart antennas, which stay on standby most of the time, and which only wake up when they detect a terminal calling on them.

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Anticipate the arrival of 5G on the 26 GHz frequency

"The High Council for the climate has very clearly said that the impact on the environment will be important, asserts for her part Delphine Jamet.

Indeed, all the terminals will have to be changed, and there will be greater consumption since there will be more data flow.

Everyone needs to be aware of the use we make of digital technology, because the impact of digital technology on GHGs is around 4%, with an increase of 8% per year.

And of course, digital technology limits travel, but we do not have to use 4G or 5G to connect to the Internet, fiber is still being deployed more and more.

Finally, do we constantly have to create new needs?

I'm not sure.

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The elected however believes that the debate around this 5G on the frequency of 3.5 GHz is now over, and that we must now focus on the arrival of the frequency of 26 GHz.

"This frequency would multiply by six the impact compared to 3.5 GHz," warns Delphine Jamet, who indicates that the first experiments are scheduled for 2022-2023.

“It will be up to the State to take up the subject, in the meantime we have clearly said that in the metropolis of Bordeaux, there will be no experimentation with 26 GHz.

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Data usage increased by 40% between 2019 and 2020

“The 26 GHz is announced within three to five years, proclaims Eric Arduin, it will be essential to dialogue with the communities when the time comes.

“And in the meantime, the fiber cannot answer everything, he argues.

“These are two complementary networks, 5G is used mainly in mobility, but it should be noted that today, 50% of internet connections are made via smartphones.

Fiber allows very high speed at home or in his business.

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In addition, continues the director, “we realize that digital uses are increasing exponentially: between September 2019 and September 2020, data uses in the Orange fleet increased by 40%, leading to a risk of saturation of current networks. 'by 2022.'

For the regional director of Orange, “many uses of daily life will be facilitated by 5G, for example telemedicine and educational content, which have particularly developed during periods of confinement.

5G will also enable companies to speed up their digitalization, and communities to develop services around smart cities, such as road traffic management to make traffic flow more fluid in real time.

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