Have you stepped on these "pits" this year
In 2020, a sudden epidemic swept the world, the new crown virus raged, and countless people died as a result.
More terrifying than the virus are the rumors that accompany it: eating garlic can prevent the new crown pneumonia, the new crown virus is artificially synthesized... While the whole country is fighting the epidemic, they are creating panic.
In addition to rumors related to the epidemic, there are still many new rumors emerging in 2020, and they may be alarmist or exaggerated.
People don’t believe and don’t stand, rumors are not lawless.
At the end of the year, the Zheng Listening edition counts the top ten rumors of 2020, which will brighten your eyes and solve your doubts.
Our reporter Zhang Yun
Eating garlic and drinking alcohol can prevent new coronary pneumonia
Neither has this effect
At the beginning of this year, at the beginning of the outbreak of the new crown pneumonia, it was reported on the Internet that "drinking can prevent new crown pneumonia".
Subsequently, it was reported on the Internet that eating more garlic can kill bacteria and prevent new coronary pneumonia.
The truth: Li Lanjuan, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and a member of the high-level expert group of the National Health and Health Commission, said that she once popularized the public with "75% alcohol can kill the coronavirus". This statement was misinterpreted as "drinking can prevent new coronary pneumonia." .
"Alcohol with a medical concentration of 75% can be used to sterilize medical equipment, but drinking does not prevent and treat new coronary pneumonia." Li Lanjuan explained.
Regarding "Eating garlic can prevent new coronary pneumonia", Gao Chao, an associate researcher of the Institute of Nutrition and Health of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, said that garlic is rich in sugars, proteins, amino acids and other biologically active ingredients, which have antioxidants, improve immunity and resistance. The efficacy of cancer.
However, there is currently no evidence that eating garlic can prevent new coronary pneumonia.
Mosquitoes and catkins spread the new coronavirus
Lack of specific conditions, no possibility of transmission
In the spring and summer of this year, as the temperature rises, the number of mosquitoes in southern my country has gradually increased, and catkins in the north have also begun to fly in the sky.
Subsequently, there were rumors that mosquitoes and catkins would spread the new coronavirus.
The truth: Regarding the "mosquito transmission of the new crown virus", Zhong Nanshan, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, said that the survival rate of the new crown virus in a high temperature environment is relatively low. After summer, the activity of the virus will decrease.
Mosquito bites can transmit many diseases, such as malaria, dengue fever, etc. These diseases are more common in Africa.
But as of now, there is no evidence that the new coronavirus can be transmitted through mosquitoes.
Chen Xiaoguang, deputy dean of the School of Public Health of Southern Medical University, believes that although the new coronavirus may enter the human body, although it may enter the blood, mosquitoes cannot transmit all the viruses in human blood.
Mosquitoes must interact with a certain pathogen for a long time and adapt to each other before they can spread the virus.
Viruses have high requirements for host specificity. There is currently no evidence that coronaviruses can infect and be transmitted by mosquitoes.
Regarding whether catkins can spread the new crown virus, Wang Chengshuo, deputy director of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, said that according to existing scientific research, there is no evidence that there is a new crown virus in catkins.
Li Qi, director of the Respiratory and Critical Care Center of Xinqiao Hospital of the Army Military Medical University, said that the survival of the new coronavirus requires a specific temperature and humidity. It is difficult for them to survive without them, and they will not stay in the air for too long.
Even if the virus stays on the catkins, it is not enough to reach a concentration that constitutes a human infection.
Synthetic New Coronavirus
The new coronavirus originates from animals in nature
In February of this year, an online article titled "Russian Government Document: New Coronavirus Unnatural Formation" was circulated on the Internet. The article said that the new coronavirus may be artificially synthesized.
The truth: In this regard, the World Health Organization (WHO) issued a report on its official website, stating that all the current evidence shows that the new coronavirus originated from animals in nature and was not artificially synthesized.
The report said that the entire genome sequence of the virus obtained from early human infection cases and the entire genome sequence of the virus obtained from all over the world indicate that the ecological origin of the new coronavirus can be traced back to the bat population.
In May of this year, the team of Professor Weifeng Shi from Shandong First Medical University and the Institute of Microbiology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the University of Sydney, Australia and other research teams published their research results in the sub-issue of the authoritative American academic journal Cell, Modern Biology.
This result confirmed that the new coronavirus is the result of multiple natural recombination of viruses that exist in bats and other wild animals.
Domestic food shortage needs to stock up as soon as possible
my country's grain production is abundant and stocks are sufficient
In the first half of this year, as the new crown epidemic spread rapidly around the world, some countries began to restrict or ban food exports, causing international food prices to rise.
In the context of the global food situation, a news that "China's food supply is facing crisis" spread on the Internet, and many people started hoarding food frantically.
The truth: In this regard, Wei Baigang, Director of the Development Planning Department of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said that my country’s grain production is abundant and stocks are sufficient. Even when the domestic epidemic situation was severe at the beginning of the year, the grain and various non-staple foods on the market were in sufficient prices and stable. The common people have no worries about rice and noodles at home, and now there is no need to rush to hoard food. It is better to eat new food.
"In recent years, our country has had bumper grain harvests, and the output has stabilized at more than 1.3 trillion catties for five consecutive years. Last year's grain output was 1.3277 billion catties, a record high. Since 2010, China’s per capita food consumption has continued to be higher than the world average. In 2019, it exceeded 470 kilograms, which is far higher than the international food security standard of 400 kilograms per capita." Wei Baigang introduced that China’s current grain stocks are sufficient, especially the two major rations, wheat and rice stocks roughly equivalent to the national people’s one year’s Consumption.
Infrared thermometers can burn eyes
It only receives infrared heat radiation, which is harmless to the human body. For epidemic prevention needs, infrared thermometers have become standard equipment in many public places this year.
Various rumors have also followed, such as frequent infrared thermometer testing, will damage the retina.
Will infrared thermometers really harm your health?
The truth: In this regard, Feng Luzhao, a researcher at the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, said that the working principle of an infrared thermometer is that when the infrared heat radiation of the human body is focused on the detector, the detector converts the radiation power into an electrical signal.
After the electrical signal is compensated for the ambient temperature, it is displayed in temperature units.
Therefore, the infrared thermometer does not emit infrared rays to the human body, but receives infrared heat radiation from the human body, which is harmless to the eyes and other parts of the body.
Artificial rainfall can drop if you want
Prerequisites that natural clouds have rained or are close to rain
On February 13 this year, after a full 210 days of burning, the Australian fire was finally extinguished.
The fire caused heavy losses in Australia, killing hundreds of millions of animals and destroying 11.7 million hectares of land.
Some netizens therefore suggested that if artificial rainfall were used early, the fire would have been extinguished.
So, can artificial rainfall really fall if you want it?
Truth: Artificial rainfall is also called artificial rainfall enhancement. Generally, the artificial rainfall method can only be effective when the natural cloud has rained or is close to precipitation.
In short, artificial rainfall does not create rain out of thin air, but requires certain natural conditions.
According to Dr. Jing Xiaoqin from the School of Atmospheric Physics, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, there are two main methods for artificial rainfall: warm cloud catalysis and cold cloud catalysis.
Warm clouds refer to clouds with a temperature higher than 0 degrees Celsius, which mainly rely on the collision mechanism of cloud droplets to trigger precipitation, while cold clouds below 0 degrees Celsius require an appropriate amount of ice cores to rain.
Without such physical conditions, no matter how good the weather and water vapor conditions are, it will be difficult to achieve rainfall.
The process of artificial rainfall is not complicated, and the common way is to drive a cannonball with a catalyst into the cloud.
Jing Xiaoqin concluded that there are "three properities" in artificial rainfall, namely, proper location, proper dosage, and proper timing.
Disaster prone to occur in the Gengzi and Baiyuan years
Pseudo-science logic, lack of scientific basis
Since June this year, the southern part of my country has ushered in heavy rainfall, which has a wide range of impact and a long duration, which has attracted widespread attention.
At the same time, a message began to be reposted in various WeChat groups: “In 2020, the real reincarnation of the heavens, we will encounter the Gengzi year of the 60-year cycle, and we will also encounter the white first year of the 180-year cycle. The sun, the earth , Jupiter, Saturn, and the Milky Way have merged to a line, causing the earth’s gravitational field and magnetic field to be disordered, and the solar wind and plasma stream will rush towards the earth more violently. The next few months will be the highest peak of the line, and many unexpected events will occur. disaster……"
Truth: In response, Yang Jun, director of the National Satellite Meteorological Center, responded: “From the current point of view, this statement lacks scientific basis. The sun is the ruler of the solar system, and the only decisive influence on the earth is the sun, Saturn and Jupiter. The impact is minimal, and the impact from the Milky Way is not worth mentioning."
Lin Jun, a researcher at the Yunnan Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that at present, the sun as a whole is in a very stable stage, and it will remain in this state for a long period of time—about 5 billion years.
Zheng Yongchun, a researcher at the National Astronomical Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, believes that tying two unrelated facts together and eliciting a fallacy is a typical pseudo-science logic.
1 vaccine can prevent 12 types of cancer
At present, it is difficult to prevent cancer by only relying on vaccine regulation genes
In July of this year, there were media reports that a "high price" vaccine that can prevent 12 types of cancer is quietly becoming popular among the wealthy.
According to related news, the vaccine was released by Hong Kong MDX Medical Group and can prevent more than 12 types of cancers including prostate cancer, breast cancer, and lung cancer.
The WT1 gene is a tumor-inducing gene, and all cancers are related to mutations in this gene.
By vaccinating the vaccine, the human body can produce memory T cells that inhibit the mutation of the WT1 gene, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing cancer.
The truth: Zhi Xiuyi, director of the Science Propaganda Department of the Chinese Anti-Cancer Association and a professor at Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, said: "For lung cancer alone, there are small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer; non-small cell lung cancer also includes Squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, squamous adenocarcinoma and large cell carcinoma; some cancer cells are derived from epithelial cells, and some cancer cells are derived from the mesenchymal cell layer... It is impossible to prevent lung cancer alone. Let alone prevent 12 types of cancer together."
Heterogeneity is one of the characteristics of malignant tumors, which can be roughly understood as even if they are classified into the same tumor, they may be completely different.
An academic article pointed out that there are two types of heterogeneity: one is that the gene mutations of the tumor cells of the same patient are different at different stages of tumor occurrence; the other is that different patients have the same tumor, but the "same" It may not be the same, just the same phenotype does not mean the same genotype.
Therefore, even if the vaccine really contains substances that can regulate the WT1 gene, it is currently impossible to control the gene to prevent cancer.
Digital RMB will replace third-party payment tools
They are money and wallet, they are not in the same dimension
The emergence of third-party mobile payment tools such as WeChat and Alipay has brought a brand new payment experience to people.
The emergence of digital renminbi has made many young people believe that it will replace WeChat and Alipay.
The truth: Mu Changchun, director of the Digital Currency Research Institute of the People's Bank of China, said that WeChat, Alipay and digital RMB are not in the same dimension.
WeChat and Alipay are financial infrastructures and wallets, while digital renminbi is the money in the wallet.
In the electronic payment scenario, the two wallets, WeChat and Alipay, contain Renminbi that people store in commercial banks.
After the digital renminbi is issued, everyone can still use WeChat and Alipay to pay, but the money in the wallet adds to the digital renminbi.
In this regard, Huang Guoping, director of the Investment and Financing Research Center of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, believes that the purpose of the state's launch of digital renminbi is not to replace WeChat and Alipay. The new payment system built around digital renminbi will become an important supplement to existing electronic payments.
"Now when using third-party mobile payment tools to make payments, a lot of our personal information may be obtained by these third-party payment platforms. But if you switch to using digital RMB for transactions, personal privacy will not be obtained by third-party payment platforms. , Thereby ensuring that both parties to the transaction conduct transactions anonymously, ensuring that personal privacy is not leaked." Huang Guoping said.
Pasting "metal pieces" can enhance mobile phone signal
Patch will affect the signal reception
Just stick a metal patch on the "effective position" on the back of the phone, you can increase the wavelength of the signal received by the built-in antenna of the phone, and then change the signal from 1 grid to 3 grids, so that there is no delay in playing games and refreshing videos... this year Since then, “enhancement stickers” which are known as “enhancement stickers” that can “enhance cell phone signals in all scenarios” are a popular network.
Some businesses also said that the mobile phone signal enhancement sticker also has functions such as improving mobile phone performance, reducing radiation levels, and extending battery life.
The truth: "Most of the objects attached to the antenna will affect the signal of the mobile phone to some extent, so this patch does not have the effect of enhancing the signal, but will affect the effect of the mobile phone receiving the signal." Shanghai Telecom Internet of Things Lab Wireless Network Optimization Expert Cao Hongyi said.
Shen Weichao, an expert from Shanghai Radio Association, also believes that mobile phone terminal manufacturers have adjusted the antenna performance to the optimal state. The physical form of the antenna (including length) must match the network frequency used by the mobile phone terminal. It is not necessary to change the antenna length and layout at will. Scientific, so this principle is not valid in practical applications.
In addition, mobile phone signal enhancement stickers cannot reduce radiation levels.
Relevant experts said that the real way to shield radiation is to wrap the mobile phone tightly with tin foil, and the consequence of this is that the mobile phone signal is also blocked.
"Coatings that can really absorb radiation are often used on reconnaissance aircraft. The cost of such coatings is absolutely impossible to be a few yuan or tens of yuan." Cao Hongyi explained, "The sunshine in nature and every corner of life have it. Radiation, as long as the radiation value is within the national safety standards, consumers do not need to worry too much."