Chinanews client, Beijing, December 12 (Reporter Song Yusheng) The recent broadcast of "Da Qin Fu" has brought many people back to discussing the two thousand years of history.

　　Among the people living in that period of history, Li Si was a very special one: he witnessed Qin destroy the six kingdoms and dominate the world, and at the same time watched Qin gradually fall apart.

　　So, what kind of person is Li Si who has witnessed the rise and fall of Daqin?

What did he do at this turning point in history?

Drawing: Lei Yuzhu

"Comfort Rat" and "Hamster"

　　When he was young, Li Si once made a metaphor.

　　Rats in the toilet not only eat dirty, but are often disturbed by people; while the rats living in the granary eat good food, live in a spacious and clean environment, and are not disturbed by humans and animals.

　　Li Si came to the conclusion that: a person's life depends on where he is.

　　This is the beginning of "Historical Lie Si Biography".

In the research of later historians, this remark is often referred to as Li Si's "Hamster Philosophy", and it is also a clue throughout Li Si's life.

　　In the historical records, Li Si's early experience is not clear, but what is known is that he claimed to be "Shang Cai Buyi, the head of Guizhou in Luxiang", and he also worked as a county official.

The aforementioned "hamster theory" is his story as a county official.

　　Just like the mouse in his mouth, Li Si is unwilling to be just a small official, he wants to change his environment.

　　So we can see in "Historical Records" that Li Si first went to Xunzi to learn the "art of the emperor" to rule the world, and then went west to Qin.

　　At that time, it was the end of the Warring States Period. Except for Qin, all six countries were weak.

According to later historians, the problem that Qin faced at that time was not how to destroy the six countries, but what kind of new world to build.

　　Li Si's intention is also obvious, he wants to be that "hamster."

Therefore, he said, "The King of Chu has nothing to do...there is nothing to do."

　　When parting, he said something to Xunzi.

The conclusion is that people should be ashamed of being in a humble position, and the criterion of a person's success is whether he can get rid of the humble environment and transform from poverty to wealth, no matter what means.

Drawing: Lei Yuzhu

Dismissal Order and Admonishment

　　When he first entered Qin, Li Si came up with a plan.

He advocated that the Qin State should eliminate the princes and calm the world.

　　There is no doubt that Li Si is talented and capable.

King Qin also began to pay more attention to Li Si's suggestion and worshipped him as his guest.

　　But shortly after Li Si was worshipped as a guest clerk, a major event almost ruined his planned future.

　　When Lu Buwei served as the prime minister of Qin, a large number of Kwantung scholars entered Qin.

Historical records, "Princes of the princes, Pei Ran fights to join Qin."

　　But this also caused the jealousy of the old aristocrats in Qin.

In addition, after Qin Wangzheng came to the throne, Zheng Guo persuaded the Qin king to build a canal connecting the Jinghe and Luohe rivers, thinking that it was a plan to exhaust the Qin.

　　On the suggestion of the Qin clan, the King of Qin ordered the chasing of the guests, forcing the scholars from the eastern countries to come to Qin and leave Qin.

Li Si, whose hometown is in Chu, is naturally among them.

　　Thus, there was the "Book of Admonitions" that has been handed down to this day.

　　Li Si writes to the King of Qin, and it is possible to strengthen Qin by reusing talents from other countries, and chasing guests is to help the enemy country.

　　And in this "Book of Admonitions", we can still see the shadow of his "hamster philosophy".

　　"The ministers hear that the land is wide and there are many millets, and the big country is many, and the strong is the warrior. So Taishan does not allow the soil, so it can grow; the river and the sea do not choose the trickle, so it can be deep; the king does not deny the crowd. You can understand its virtue. Therefore, there is no square in the earth, no foreign country for the people, four seasons of beauty, ghosts and gods blessing, the reason why the five emperors and three kings are invincible."

　　In it, Li Si advised King Qin, as long as it is conducive to his own rule and development, he must adopt all methods regardless of form.

　　Therefore, the Qin Wangzheng abolished the eviction order and adopted Li Si's opinion to appoint the guest.

Drawing: Lei Yuzhu

Things will decline

　　While rising to the top of society, Li Si also gradually felt a hidden worry.

　　However, he didn't seem to think carefully about the days after becoming a "hamster".

In "Historical Records", at this time Li Si began to talk about the words "things with extreme decline".

　　This concern is not unfounded.

Historically, many Qin Xiang did not end well.

　　Shang Yang killed himself and rebelled after being falsely accused of treason. After the defeat, his body was cracked by a car. Zhang Yi made the first move, but fled to the Wei state after King Wu of Qin ascended the throne. .

　　Li Si, who helped Qin State to unify the world, also failed to escape this vicious circle.

　　The beginning of this downhill road was the death of Qin Shihuang.

In the thirty-seventh year of Emperor Shi Huang (210 BC), Emperor Qin Shi Huang died suddenly of illness while traveling.

　　Hu Hai, Li Si, Zhao Gao and others did not mourn.

　　According to the records of "Historical Records", the reason why Li Si agreed with Prince Yi was actually thinking about himself.

When Zhao Gao hinted that Fusu, the first emperor's eldest son, had opposed some policies formulated by Li Si, Li Si, who was willing to be a "hamster," was already shaken.

　　Li Si is not without entanglement, but he still can't let go of the power he has acquired.

Although "looking up to the sky and sighing" and "weeping too much", Zhao Gao was still pulled into the water and agreed to change Hu Hai as Qin II.

　　The following year, in the first year of Qin II (209 BC), Chen Sheng and Wu Guang rebelled in Daze Township, and the Peasant War broke out in the late Qin Dynasty.

In the second year of Qin II (208 BC), Qin Xiang Li Si was "beheaded in Xianyang City" by Zhao Gao on charges of "rebellion".

　　On the day of his sentence, Li Si was taken from prison to the execution ground.

As he walked out of the dark cell, he seemed to think of the ordinary life like a "toilet rat" back then.

He turned around and said to his son: "I want to go back to my hometown with you now and take the yellow dog out of the city to chase the hare. Can this be done?"

　　After all, the father and son were crying bitterly.

(Finish)

　　　　Reference materials:

　　　　"Historical Records", "Li Si's Ideological Character and the Gains and Losses of Qin Cultural Policy", "A Review of Li Si's Research in the Past Twenty Years", "The First Works of Analyzing the Soul in the History of Chinese Writers-My Reading "History of Li Si Biography"" "New Theory on Li Si" "The Wisdom and Destiny of a Hamster" "Lees' "Mouse Philosophy""