After decades of dust, Qian Zhongshu's selected first Tang poems are available
Selected by Qian Zhongshu and Yang Jiang copied the nine-volume "Complete Tang Poetry Records" manuscript provided by People's Literature Publishing House
On November 21, to commemorate the 110th anniversary of Qian Zhongshu’s birth, a manuscript of Tang poems selected by Qian Zhongshu and copied by Yang Jiang was sorted and printed by People’s Literature Publishing House and officially released.
The book was named "Qian Zhongshu Selected Tang Poems", which has never been published in the past 40 years. It is also a unique anthology of Tang poems that can be read by the public.
Poems selected by Qian Zhongshu for Yang Jiang
When I got the manuscript of Tang poems selected by Mr. Qian Zhongshu and copied by Mr. Yang Jiang, it was 2017. Editor Hu Wenjun felt that the manuscripts mainly made of rough paper had little weight, but were "heavy".
The pale yellow paper was ordered into nine neatly arranged volumes, and each page was composed of Tang poems by Mr. Yang Jiang in neat italics.
On the first page of the first volume, "The Complete Tang Poetry Records, Yang Jiang's Day Class" by Mr. Qian.
According to Mr. Yang Jiang's recollection, Mr. Qian also added the title "Father chooses mother to copy, Yuanyuan" on the original cover, but the original cover was lost.
"This is a solemn entrustment." Hu Wenjun told reporters, "This manuscript of "Qian Xuan Yang Chao" was originally written by Mr. Qian Yang and his daughter as a memorial to their daughter. Later Qian Yuan. The professor passed away untimely, and Mr. Yang Jiang presented this manuscript to Wu Mi’s daughter Wu Xuezhao in 2009. After obtaining the consent of Mr. Yang, Wu Xuezhao decided to deliver it to the People’s Literature Publishing House with the attitude of taking academic affairs as the public. , Published publicly."
Mr. Qian Zhongshu has made great contributions to the study of Chinese classical literature.
It is well known in the academic circles that the "Selected Notes on Song Poems" that he was ordered to edit while working at the Institute of Literature of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences has been well received for more than 60 years.
However, the academic circle did not know that Mr. Qian, who participated in the work of the Tang Poetry Annotation of the Literary Institute, chose a version of his own in addition to the official version.
Zhou Xuanlong, the deputy editor-in-chief of People's Literature Publishing House, recalled that the work of annotating Tang and Song poems selected by the Academy of Social Sciences began in 1956, but the fate of the two selected poems was completely different.
There is no ready-made "Complete Song Poems" for Song Poems to choose from. Qian Zhongshu selected them after reading Song Poems by himself, and published them in 1958.
Tang Poetry Anthology went through the "Cultural Revolution" and was published in 1978. It was 20 years later. The person in charge and the content also experienced several replacements.
Perhaps it was because Qian Zhongshu's ambitions in the Tang poetry selection work were difficult to achieve. In order to help him relieve his depression, Yang Jiang, who stayed with him, encouraged Qian Zhongshu to independently select a Tang poem for her to see.
Qian Zhongshu accepted Yang Jiang’s proposal and chose a few poems every day based on "The Complete Tang Poems". Mr. Yang also copied a few poems every day as a "day class" for reading Tang poems and calligraphy.
"Day class" is a traditional literati's way of learning from the past.
Inadvertently, it has achieved a collection of Tang poems selected by Qian.
According to Mr. Yang Jiang's transcript, "Day Class" "starts on January 1, 1985 and ends on June 19, 1991".
In fact, beside the first volume of Meng Haoran's poem "Late Poxunyang Looking at Lushan", there is a comment from her: "Books in mid-November 1983." It shows that this work may have started in 1983 and lasted until 1991. Years, a total of more than 7 years.
In more than 7 years, Mr. Yang Jiang copied nearly 2,000 Tang poems selected by Mr. Qian Zhongshu from "The Complete Tang Poems".
In addition to the poem itself, Yang Jiang also left records of transcription time, thoughts and thoughts, important itineraries, etc. in this manuscript, sometimes specifically indicating "New Year's Eve", "New Year's Day", "Beginning of Spring", "Ching Ming", "Chongyang", "Winter Solstice", etc. Festival solar terms.
"As if seeing the passage of time, the four seasons are flowing on paper." Hu Wenjun sighed.
There are many red circles on the manuscript.
Perhaps it was because every time Mr. Yang Jiang finished copying a poem, Mr. Qian Zhongshu asked Mr. Qian Zhongshu to comment on the calligraphy and mark the traces left behind.
Sometimes Mr. Yang Jiang also wrote down the comments on calligraphy, such as Liu Tongxu’s "Que Ti" poem "Spring and Qingxi Chang" at the end of the word "Chang", there is a mark "too long"; Sun Guangxian "Lian" in the poem "Sister-in-law is greedy for picking the lotus," the word "Lianchi" is "too long"... the scene of the two commenting on calligraphy is in front of us.
"When Mr. Qian and Mr. Yang were alive, they never mentioned this manuscript to the outside world, so almost no one in the academic circle knew of its existence. For this publication, we have checked the manuscript based on the punctuation book "All Tang Poems" by Zhonghua Book Company. Punctuation was added; the organization strength wrote a short biography for each selected author, and made simple notes on all the works. The choice was officially launched on the 110th anniversary of Mr. Qian’s birth to pay tribute to the two gentlemen.” Zhou Xuanlong said.
Mr. Yang Jiang once wrote: "I think the author of Guan Zhui Bian and Tan Yi Lu is a thought-provoking Zhongshu, and the author of Huai Ju Shi Cun is a melancholy book, "Besiege" The author of is just a Zhong Shu who is'obsessed'."
This time, when choosing poems and writing characters and evaluating calligraphy every day, in the eyes of Mr. Yang, it may be another "Zhong Shu".
The inside pages of the manuscript of "Complete Poems of the Tang Dynasty", provided by the People's Literature Publishing House
"Show all aspects of lively Tang poetry"
There are two types of anthologies of traditional poems, one is for official use, focusing on the educational function; the other is private anthology, which reflects the perspective of the selector.
Whether it's like antelope hanging horns or Xiangxiang crossing the river, poems selected by the family can be included in the book.
"When Qian Zhongshu selected this collection of poems, it was not an official selection of poems, and secondly, he never considered publishing it publicly. Therefore, "Qian Zhongshu's Collection of Tang Poems" is a purely embodying Qian Zhongshu's poetry appreciation interest and showing scholars. Poem selection of temperament." Analysis by Ge Xiaoyin, Professor Emeritus of Boya, Peking University.
Compared with the popular "Three Hundred Tang Poems" in the market and the "Selected Poems of the Tang Dynasty" which contains more than 630 works by more than 130 poets selected by the Academy of Social Sciences, the "Selected Tang Poems of Qian Zhongshu" includes 1997 poems by 308 poets (sentence) The work covers a lot more.
In the poetry age, the early Tang and Tang Dynasty are briefly discussed, and the middle and late Tang Dynasty are detailed.
In the choice of poets, he is despising everyone and taking care of the small family.
In the late Tang dynasty, small families such as Cao Song, Liu Jia, and Cao Ye selected only one in the "Selected Poems of the Tang Dynasty", but the book selected 9, 17, and 16 respectively.
In addition to the objective factor of large size, Mr. Qian has obvious personality in the selection criteria.
The collection of poems not only selected a large number of works by poets who are well-known for their creations, but also selected works by non-poets such as Emperor Minghuang, Wu Zetian, Concubine Jiang, and Prince Zhang Huai; both the ideological Du Fu's "Xinan Official", "Shi Hao Official" and "Three Farewells" and other poems, but also selected interesting works such as Han Yu's "Mocking Snoring Sleep" and Cao's "Mystery with Riddles".
What impressed Zhang Jian, a professor of Chinese at Peking University, was that Qian Zhongshu chose Du Fu's "Drunk as a Horse Pendant, People Take Wine to See", which is not usually selected in an anthology.
"This poem is about Lao Du who was drunk at the banquet and fell off the horse. His friends brought wine to visit him. The poem was written very interestingly. "When he was riding a horse, he strayed and fell. Qutangshi', I recalled the heroic horse riding posture when I was a teenager. Then I turned my pen, "I don’t want to be injured for a while, and there is so much humiliation in life." When life is too proud, it is often joy and sorrow. Friends who know this information come to condolences. So I got up and drank again, "the wine and meat are like a mountain for another moment," and I haven't learned the lesson at all. The last sentence, "You don’t see Ji Kang being killed", instead of Ji Kang’s "Theory of Health" and died of unfaithfulness, let’s have fun in time and drink again. The whole poem shows that Du Fu not only has a gloomy side, but also a very broad-minded side." Zhang Jian analyzed.
In addition to "interest", Qian Zhongshu's poem selection also emphasizes "newness".
He paid attention to the poems that contained experiences that no one had expressed before, or that were the first to establish a new trend in the history of poetry.
Du Mu and Li Shangyin are both poets who are good at creative ideas. Each of them chose more than 50 poems.
Gu Kuang and Lu Ping, who are very novel poets in artistic expression, are also favored by him.
Gu Kuang's "Liang Guang Painting Flower Songs" uses a pyrotechnic method to write that a fairy falls in love with a painter; Lu Tong's "Send a Man and Hug his Grandson" is a Tang poem, which is a Tang poem. Qian Zhongshu’s selection of the unique novels in this book shows that he values the freshness of poetry art.
The fragments of some poets are generally not paid attention to in traditional poetry anthologies because they are out of order.
However, what Qian Zhongshu considers to be valuable is also included in this anthology.
For example, Pei said, "Reading poorly, busy while searching quietly", Xue Tao's "Branches meet north and south birds, leaves send to the wind" and so on.
"If "Selected Tang Poems" is a serious literary exhibition, then "Selected Tang Poems from Qian Zhongshu" tries to show all aspects of lively Tang poetry." Zhou Xuanlong commented.
The inner pages of the manuscript of "Complete Poems of the Tang Dynasty", provided by Mr. Yang Jiang's review of People's Literature Publishing House
With the heart of writing, leave a little bit of warmth to readers
Qian Zhongshu's selections seem "willful", but they are "willful" based on Broadcom.
Taking the great poet as an example, Du Fu chose 71 poems, Bai Juyi chose 30 poems, Du Fu chose 174 poems, and Bai Juyi chose 184 poems.
This is consistent with the ratio of more than 2,600 poems by Bai Juyi and more than 1,100 by Du Fu in "The Poems of the Tang Dynasty".
If there is anything in common in the poems selected by Qian Zhongshu, it is that they can reflect the common emotions of human beings, Zhang Jian analyzes.
For example, Wu Zetian did not choose works that embody her determination, but chose "Ru Yi Niang" to show her sincere love as an ordinary woman.
For example, Meng Yunqing's "Ancient Elegy" and "Cold Food", one expresses people's grief for their dead relatives, and the other expresses optimism in adversity.
"Paying attention to human emotions, such as nostalgia, family affection, sense of festival and things, etc., is a major feature of Tang poetry. This is the reason why Tang poetry is still widely recited. Qian Zhongshu's choice of such masterpieces There are almost no omissions. Chen Biao's "Hollyhock", Zhang Xiaobiao's "The Japanese", Cui Jiao's "Gift to the Maid", Pei Yizhi's "Qianyi", Yan Yun's "Luohua", etc., are all seen in daily life. The ordinary feelings produced by ordinary things. I have not studied Bai Juyi specifically, but he wrote to the extreme the life experience of birth, old age, sickness and death, ups and downs, and worldly human feelings. It may resonate with Mr. Qian.” Ge Xiaoyin said.
"Reading through this anthology of poems, you can feel that the works Qian Zhongshu chose are very warm. He lived in the disaster-stricken 20th century, experienced wars and turbulent years, and knew that no rational knowledge pedigree was acceptable. Dependence is only the human heart behind Wen Xin. Therefore, his Tang poetry anthology is not a narrow and isolated personal selection, but a humanistic pursuit formed after strong learning and reflection." Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Analysis by Liu Ning, a researcher at the Institute of Literature.
So, why do you still read Tang poetry today?
"Poetry must not be successful, and it is not a kind of problem that can be solved immediately after reading it. It is a warming medium. A poet writes his experience and feelings into his works. Readers read works in adversity, and The author resonates, and the purpose of the poem is achieved." Liu Ning replied.
The Tang poems chosen by Mr. Qian Zhongshu have been published through the efforts of all parties. It is a bit of warmth he left for readers with his own writing.
(Our reporter Han Han)